Runaway massive stars as variable gamma-ray sources

Runaway stars are ejected from their formation sites well within molecular cores in giant dark clouds. Eventually, these stars can travel through the molecular clouds, which are highly inhomogeneous. The powerful winds of massive runaway stars interact with the medium forming bowshocks. Recent observations and theoretical modelling suggest that these bowshocks emit non-thermal radiation. As the massive stars move through the inhomogeneous ambient gas the physical properties of the bowshocks are modified, producing changes in the non-thermal emission. We aim to compute the non-thermal radiation produced in the bowshocks of runaway massive stars when travelling through a molecular cloud. We calculate the non-thermal emission and absorption for two types of massive runaway stars, an O9I and an O4I, as they move through a density gradient. We present the spectral energy distributions for the runaway stars modelled. Additionally, we obtain light curves at different energy ranges. We find significant variations in the emission over timescales of $\sim$ 1 yr. We conclude that bowshocks of massive runaway stars, under some assumptions, might be variable gamma-ray sources, with variability timescales that depend on the medium density profile. These objects might constitute a population of galactic gamma-ray sources turning on and off within years.Comment: 10 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic

Aplicaciones de las ondas electromagnéticas en productos alimenticios

High frequency waves have a great potential in Food technology, both at house-cooking or industrial use. At home, microwave oven is a widely used equipment at kitchens of developed world. By contrast, in the Food Industry, the use of microwave and radio-frequency techniques is relatively small as a consequence of the need of equipment and specialised staff. The low application of such technology is related to the poor knowledge of the heating process through high frequencies as well as their critical factors that determine the quality of the heating process (dielectric constants, product geometry, distribution in the packaging, etc.). This article intends to clarify the basis of this technology besides describing some applications.Las altas frecuencias tienen un gran potencial dentro de la tecnología de alimentos, tanto en el ámbito doméstico como en el industrial. En el ámbito doméstico, el horno microondas es un equipo conocido que hoy en día se ha convertido en un elemento importante en las cocinas del mundo desarrollado. En el caso de la industria alimentaria, el uso de las microondas y radiofrecuencias es todavía escaso debido a la necesidad de equipos y personal especializado. La falta de aplicación de esta tecnología viene relacionada con la falta de conocimiento de lo que es un calentamiento por altas frecuencias y el desconocimiento de los factores críticos que determinarán la calidad de este calentamiento (constantes dieléctricas, geometría del producto, distribución en el envase, etc.). Con este artículo se busca aclarar las bases de esta tecnología, además de describir algunas aplicaciones

Indigenous and introduced species of the Bemisia tabaci complex in sweet potato crops from Argentina

La batata (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) es uno de los cultivos más importantes en el mundo. Recientemente se observó una severa sintomatología viral en cultivos de la región pampeana argentina, en la que están identificados begomovirus y crinivirus, ambos transmitidos exclusivamente por mosca blanca. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las especies de B. tabaci en cultivos de batata en Colonia Caroya, mediante el análisis de secuencias mitocondriales de la citocromo oxidasa subunidad I (mtCOI). Se identificaron dos haplotipos (especies crípticas) ya descriptos en el mundo: New World2 (especie nativa) y MEAM1 (especie introducida). Los resultados indican la presencia de ambas especies, las cuales son potenciales vectores de begomovirus y crinivirus en batata en Argentina.Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) is one of the most important crops worldwide. Recently, the appearance of severe viral symptoms has been observed in sweet potato crops in the pampas region of Argentina and both begomovirus and crinivirus, exclusively transmitted by whiteflies, have been identified. The aim of this study was to identify B. tabaci species from sweet potato crops in Colonia Caroya by analysing mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) sequences. Two previously described haplotypes were identified: New World2 (indigenous species) and MEAM1 (introduced species). The results indicate the presence of both species, which are potential vectors of begomovirus and crinivirus in Argentina.Fil: Alemandri, V.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Martino, Julia Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Di Feo, Liliana del Valle. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Truol, G.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigaciones Agropecuarias. Instituto de Patología Vegetal; Argentin

A Topological-Based Method for Allocating Sensors by Using CSP Techniques

Model-based diagnosis enables isolation of faults of a system. The diagnosis process uses a set of sensors (observations) and a model of the system in order to explain a wrong behaviour. In this work, a new approach is proposed with the aim of improving the computational complexity for isolating faults in a system. The key idea is the addition of a set of new sensors which allows the improvement of the diagnosability of the system. The methodology is based on constraint programming and a greedy method for improving the computational complexity of the CSP resolution. Our approach maintains the requirements of the user (detectability, diagnosability,. . .).Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología DPI2003-07146-C02-0

A magnetic reconnection model for explaining the multi-wavelength emission of the microquasars Cyg X-1 and Cyg X-3

Recent studies have indicated that cosmic ray acceleration by a first-order Fermi process in magnetic reconnection current sheets can be efficient enough in the surrounds of compact sources. In this work, we discuss this acceleration mechanism operating in the core region of galactic black hole binaries (or microquasars) and show the conditions under which this can be more efficient than shock acceleration. In addition, we compare the corresponding acceleration rate with the relevant radiative loss rates obtaining the possible energy cut-off of the accelerated particles and also compute the expected spectral energy distribution (SED) for two sources of this class, namely Cygnus X-1 and Cygnus X-3, considering both leptonic and hadronic processes. The derived SEDs are comparable to the observed ones in the low and high energy ranges. Our results suggest that hadronic non-thermal emission due to photo-meson production may produce the very high energy gamma-rays in these microquasars.Comment: 17 pages and 7 figures. Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS

Improving the Computational Efficiency in Symmetrical Numeric Constraint Satisfaction Problems

Models are used in science and engineering for experimentation, analysis, diagnosis or design. In some cases, they can be considered as numeric constraint satisfaction problems (NCSP). Many models are symmetrical NCSP. The consideration of symmetries ensures that NCSP-solver will find solutions if they exist on a smaller search space. Our work proposes a strategy to perform it. We transform the symmetrical NCSP into a newNCSP by means of addition of symmetry-breaking constraints before the search begins. The specification of a library of possible symmetries for numeric constraints allows an easy choice of these new constraints. The summarized results of the studied cases show the suitability of the symmetry-breaking constraints to improve the solving process of certain types of symmetrical NCSP. Their possible speedup facilitates the application of modelling and solving larger and more realistic problems.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología DIP2003-0666-02-

Radial power-like potentials: from the Bohr-Sommerfeld SS-state energies to the exact ones

Following our previous study of the Bohr-Sommerfeld (B-S) quantization condition for one-dimensional case (del Valle \& Turbiner (2021) \cite{First}), we extend it to $d$-dimensional power-like radial potentials. The B-S quantization condition for $S$-states of the $d$-dimensional radial Schr\"odinger equation is proposed. Based on numerical results obtained for the spectra of power-like potentials, $V(r)=r^m$ with $m \in [-1, \infty)$, the correctness of the proposed B-S quantization condition is established for various dimensions $d$. It is demonstrated that by introducing the {\it WKB correction} $\gamma$ (supposedly coming from the higher order WKB terms) into the r.h.s. of the B-S quantization condition leads to the so-called {\it exact WKB quantization condition}, which reproduces the exact energies, while $\gamma$ remains always very small. For $m=2$ (any integer $d$) and for $m=-1$ (at $d=2$) the WKB correction $\gamma=0$: for $S$ states the B-S spectra coincides with the exact ones. Concrete calculations for physically important cases of linear, cubic, quartic, and sextic oscillators, as well as Coulomb and logarithmic potentials in dimensions $d=2,3,6$ are presented. Radial quartic anharmonic oscillator is considered briefly.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables; extended, some typos fixed, to be published in IJMP

Radial Anharmonic Oscillator: Perturbation Theory, New Semiclassical Expansion, Approximating Eigenfunctions. II. Quartic and Sextic Anharmonicity Cases

In our previous paper I (del Valle--Turbiner, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A34, 1950143, 2019) it was developed the formalism to study the general $D$-dimensional radial anharmonic oscillator with potential $V(r)= \frac{1}{g^2}\,\hat{V}(gr)$. It was based on the Perturbation Theory (PT) in powers of $g$ (weak coupling regime) and in inverse, fractional powers of $g$ (strong coupling regime) in both $r$-space and in $(gr)$-space, respectively. As the result it was introduced - the Approximant - a locally-accurate uniform compact approximation of a wave function. If taken as a trial function in variational calculations it has led to variational energies of unprecedented accuracy for cubic anharmonic oscillator. In this paper the formalism is applied to both quartic and sextic, spherically-symmetric radial anharmonic oscillators with two term potentials $V(r)= r^2 + g^{2(m-1)}\, r^{2m}, m=2,3$, respectively. It is shown that a two-parametric Approximant for quartic oscillator and a five-parametric one for sextic oscillator for the first four eigenstates used to calculate the variational energy are accurate in 8-12 figures for any $D=1,2,3\ldots$ and $g \geq 0$, while the relative deviation of the Approximant from the exact eigenfunction is less than $10^{-6}$ for any $r \geq 0$.Comment: 52 pages, 17 figures, 3 appendice