36 research outputs found

    MicroRNA Expression Characterizes Oligometastasis(es)

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    Cancer staging and treatment presumes a division into localized or metastatic disease. We proposed an intermediate state defined by ≀ 5 cumulative metastasis(es), termed oligometastases. In contrast to widespread polymetastases, oligometastatic patients may benefit from metastasis-directed local treatments. However, many patients who initially present with oligometastases progress to polymetastases. Predictors of progression could improve patient selection for metastasis-directed therapy.Here, we identified patterns of microRNA expression of tumor samples from oligometastatic patients treated with high-dose radiotherapy.Patients who failed to develop polymetastases are characterized by unique prioritized features of a microRNA classifier that includes the microRNA-200 family. We created an oligometastatic-polymetastatic xenograft model in which the patient-derived microRNAs discriminated between the two metastatic outcomes. MicroRNA-200c enhancement in an oligometastatic cell line resulted in polymetastatic progression.These results demonstrate a biological basis for oligometastases and a potential for using microRNA expression to identify patients most likely to remain oligometastatic after metastasis-directed treatment

    Clinical relevance and biology of circulating tumor cells

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    Most breast cancer patients die due to metastases, and the early onset of this multistep process is usually missed by current tumor staging modalities. Therefore, ultrasensitive techniques have been developed to enable the enrichment, detection, isolation and characterization of disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow and circulating tumor cells in the peripheral blood of cancer patients. There is increasing evidence that the presence of these cells is associated with an unfavorable prognosis related to metastatic progression in the bone and other organs. This review focuses on investigations regarding the biology and clinical relevance of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer

    Minimal residual disease in breast cancer: an overview of circulating and disseminated tumour cells

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    International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

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    Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS

    Etablissement des seuils de qualité environnementale pour les substances chimiques prioritaires de la directive cadre européenne sur l`eau : état d`avancement

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    La Directive 2000/60/CE Ă©tablissant un cadre pour une politique communautaire dans le domaine de l`eau vise Ă  maintenir et amĂ©liorer la qualitĂ© de l`environnement aquatique d`ici 2015. L`article 16 de la Directive impose en particulier de dĂ©finir des normes de qualitĂ© environnementale (NQE) pour les substances prioritaires proposĂ©es par la Commission europĂ©enne. Ces normes de qualitĂ© sont des concentrations seuil qui ne doivent pas ĂȘtre dĂ©passĂ©es dans le milieu pour assurer la protection des Ă©cosystĂšmes aquatiques et de la santĂ© humaine. Cet article synthĂ©tise tout d`abord les connaissances concernant la mĂ©thodologie gĂ©nĂ©rale pour la dĂ©termination des NQE et commente les choix proposĂ©s par la Commission EuropĂ©enne, puis examine certaines des difficultĂ©s rencontrĂ©es pour Ă©tablir les NQE pour les substances prioritaires de la DCE et pour leur mise en application. La dĂ©termination des NQE s`appuie sur les donnĂ©es d`Ă©cotoxicitĂ© pour les organismes aquatiques disponibles dans la littĂ©rature, mais tient Ă©galement compte des normes dĂ©jĂ  dĂ©finies pour l`eau et les denrĂ©es destinĂ©es Ă  la consommation humaine (poissons, coquillages, crustacĂ©s). Des valeurs de NQE provisoires ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©tablies par la Commission EuropĂ©enne en 2004 pour les 33 substances prioritaires uniquement pour les eaux de surface. La dĂ©finition des seuils est particuliĂšrement problĂ©matique pour les mĂ©taux en raison de leurs particularitĂ©s qui les diffĂ©rencient des substances organiques. La dĂ©termination des seuils pour le compartiment sĂ©dimentaire et pour les tissus des organismes aquatiques est Ă©galement difficile notamment en raison du manque de donnĂ©es Ă©cotoxicologiques sur ces compartiments. Des modĂšles (Ă©quilibre de partage entre l`eau et les sĂ©diments, bioconcentration dans les organismes) permettent d`Ă©tablir des correspondances entre les concentrations dans l`eau, les sĂ©diments ou les organismes, sous l`hypothĂšse, simplificatrice et pas toujours pertinente, d`un Ă©quilibre entre ces compartiments. Actuellement le parti pris par les experts missionnĂ©s par la Commission EuropĂ©enne serait d`utiliser ces compartiments pour la collecte de donnĂ©es sur l`Ă©tat des milieux aquatiques, mais d`Ă©valuer les Ă©carts aux NQE uniquement dans l`eau
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