Features of Muscle Tissue Microstructure of Cattle in Industrial Agglomerations under the Environmental Pressure Conditions

The intensive development of the industrial sector, intensification of the agro-industrial complex, associated with the use of various fertilizers, active use of modern household chemicals lead to the constant increase in xenobiotics in the environment in both rural and urban agglomerations. There are settlements and farms within the industrial areas, therefore, the issue of accumulation of ecotoxicants in the organs and tissues of an animal, as well as the impact on the state of its health, is of particular importance. In the regions with tough environmental situation associated with anthropogenic contamination, xenobiotics of anthropogenic origin can directly or indirectly modify the activity of various body systems. The integral characteristic that reflects adaptive modifications of biota is the morphological and functional status of organs and tissues of an animal, including the state of muscle tissue. An analysis of the regenerative plastic potential of muscle tissue allows finding innovative approaches to assessing the effects of environmental impacts on animals. Up to the present day, the morphological and functional characteristics of muscle tissue in young animals and adult cattle have not been sufficiently studied in the conditions of the tough environmental situation of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation. The issue of ecological pathologies of organs in productive animals is quite urgent for the territory of the Central Federal District with its developed agro-industrial complex and industry. The study of animals from the agglomeration of the large chemical plant showed that cattle react differently to pollutants. The animals demonstrated changes not only in hematological and biochemical parameters, but also in the morphological and functional status of muscle tissue

Isomerization dynamics of a buckled nanobeam

We analyze the dynamics of a model of a nanobeam under compression. The model is a two mode truncation of the Euler-Bernoulli beam equation subject to compressive stress. We consider parameter regimes where the first mode is unstable and the second mode can be either stable or unstable, and the remaining modes (neglected) are always stable. Material parameters used correspond to silicon. The two mode model Hamiltonian is the sum of a (diagonal) kinetic energy term and a potential energy term. The form of the potential energy function suggests an analogy with isomerisation reactions in chemistry. We therefore study the dynamics of the buckled beam using the conceptual framework established for the theory of isomerisation reactions. When the second mode is stable the potential energy surface has an index one saddle and when the second mode is unstable the potential energy surface has an index two saddle and two index one saddles. Symmetry of the system allows us to construct a phase space dividing surface between the two "isomers" (buckled states). The energy range is sufficiently wide that we can treat the effects of the index one and index two saddles in a unified fashion. We have computed reactive fluxes, mean gap times and reactant phase space volumes for three stress values at several different energies. In all cases the phase space volume swept out by isomerizing trajectories is considerably less than the reactant density of states, proving that the dynamics is highly nonergodic. The associated gap time distributions consist of one or more `pulses' of trajectories. Computation of the reactive flux correlation function shows no sign of a plateau region; rather, the flux exhibits oscillatory decay, indicating that, for the 2-mode model in the physical regime considered, a rate constant for isomerization does not exist.Comment: 42 pages, 6 figure

Effective Hamiltonian and unitarity of the S matrix

The properties of open quantum systems are described well by an effective Hamiltonian ${\cal H}$ that consists of two parts: the Hamiltonian $H$ of the closed system with discrete eigenstates and the coupling matrix $W$ between discrete states and continuum. The eigenvalues of ${\cal H}$ determine the poles of the $S$ matrix. The coupling matrix elements $\tilde W_k^{cc'}$ between the eigenstates $k$ of ${\cal H}$ and the continuum may be very different from the coupling matrix elements $W_k^{cc'}$ between the eigenstates of $H$ and the continuum. Due to the unitarity of the $S$ matrix, the \TW_k^{cc'} depend on energy in a non-trivial manner, that conflicts with the assumptions of some approaches to reactions in the overlapping regime. Explicit expressions for the wave functions of the resonance states and for their phases in the neighbourhood of, respectively, avoided level crossings in the complex plane and double poles of the $S$ matrix are given.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure

ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-АЛГОРИТМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОДДЕРЖКА РАЗРАБОТКИ ТВЕРДЫХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ ФОРМ

The article deals with the application of the system approach for constructing informationalgorithmic support for the pharmaceutical development of solid dosage forms. Information modeling of the life cycle of pharmaceutical drug development has been carried out starting from the stage of studying the active pharmaceutical substance and ending with the utilization of the drug. These models are built in the IDEF0 nomination. A generalized block diagram is presented that reflects, in its most general form, the iterative process of developing a ready-made dosage form as applied to the further transfer of technology. The basis of the system approach is QbD - "Quality planned in the development". To implement the QbD principle on the basis of the system approach, systemic set-theoretic models of information support of pharmaceutical development in the nomenclature of Melentiev have been constructed. A model for controlling the pressing process is also provided, which takes into account all the technological stages in the development of a solid dosage form. Functional models in the IDEF0 nomenclature of the technological process are constructed from the preparation of premises, personnel and components of the dosage form to the stage of packing and packaging of the finished dosage form. The construction of an informational intellectual control system for pharmaceutical development has been considered in detail with particular attention paid to the construction of a database of medicinal and auxiliary substances using the example of solid dosage forms. In Melentiev's bracket notation, the database of auxiliary substances necessary for the design of a solid dosage form is filled. The "Entity-relationship" model and the relational model for the database of medicinal and auxiliary substances have been constructeВ статье рассматривается применение системного подхода для построения информационно-алгоритмической поддержки фармацевтической разработки твердых лекарственных форм. Проведено информационное моделирование жизненного цикла фармацевтической разработки лекарственного препарата, начиная c этапа изучения активной фармацевтической субстанции и заканчивая утилизацией препарата. Данные модели построены в нотации IDEF0. Приводится обобщенная блок-схема, отражающая в самом общем виде итерационный процесс разработки готовой лекарственной формы применительно к дальнейшему трансферу технологии. В основу применения системного подхода положен принцип QbD - «Качество, запланированное при разработке». Для реализации принципа QbD проведено построение системных теоретико-множественных моделей информационной поддержки фармацевтической разработки в скобочной нотации Мелентьева. Также приведена модель для управления процессом прессования, где учитываются все технологические стадии при разработке твердой лекарственной формы. В статье построены функциональные модели в нотации IDEF0 технологического процесса: от подготовки помещений, персонала и компонентов лекарственной формы до стадии фасовки и упаковки готовой лекарственной формы. Подробно рассмотрено построение информационной интеллектуальной системы управления фармацевтической разработкой, при этом особенное внимание уделено построению базы данных лекарственных и вспомогательных веществ на примере твердых лекарственных форм. В скобочной нотации Мелентьева приведено наполнение базы данных вспомогательных веществ, необходимых для дизайна твердой лекарственной формы. Построены модель «Сущность-связь» и реляционная модель для базы данных лекарственных и вспомогательных веществ

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN PRODUCTION OF MEAT FORAGES FOR ANIMALS

The modern science of feeding of agricultural animals argues that could be effective only diet, balanced on all significant components of power, which are reflected in the norms of feeding. Modern information technologies allow us to develop a system of indicators, the use of which allows to increase the efficiency of diets

Problems of industrial production of ready diets for animals

Reveals the problems of industrial manufacture of forages for animals with the use of noncapitalisedand secondary raw materials of the meat industry. Describes the peculiarities of application of the new protein-mineral-vitamin additives for agricultural animals of the domestic manufacturer

INFLUENCE OF AUTOLYTIC TRANSFORMATIONS ON ELECTROPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GOAT MEAT

Functional foods represented an important element of a balanced, healthy diet. They play an important role in improving the structure of the diet of the population, are a means of prevention, correction and prevention of early transition premorbid conditions and various diseases. Meat and meat products based on it can be considered as a promising raw material for functional foods. Goat has certain dietary properties and can be used in manufacturing, but the production of high-grade products from goat meat, capable of long-term storage is not well developed. The chemical composition of the new raw meat - goat meat, on the example of the longissimus muscle of back is rich in protein, moisture, ash, and low-fat compared with other types of raw meat, which lets you create based on goat meat sector wide functional meat products. Therefore investigated the possibility of using goat meat in the production technology of functional foods. Showing the prospects for the development of goat in Russia. Investigated character of autolysis goat meat electro-physical methods and histological analysis. In the process of autolysis of goat meat are changing the electrical properties of raw meat, which are correlated with the morphological characteristics. Basic autolytic changes occurring in muscle tissue in the early stages of ripening, were reduced to a small extent the political process involving varying degrees of muscle structure in the early stages. In the later stages of maturation revealed changing widespread. Revealed that autolysis has characteristic periods and develops within 12 hours, further changes are irreversible. Shows the change in pH, carbohydrate fractions in the longissimus muscle of back goat. Results of the study of dynamics of change in pH, carbohydrate fractions in the longissimus muscle of back goat show compliance with the laws of classical autolysis noted in other sources, but differ in the time period. Defined stages of autolysis in the meat