La integración de las TICC en las aulas de Educación Infantil

Este artículo reflexiona sobre los tópicos que hay que vencer a la hora de integrar las TIC en un proyecto en la etapa de educación infantil. La autora expone las posibles organizaciones de los materiales TIC que nos podemos encontrar en los centros educativos y el provecho que le puede sacar el profesorado a los mismos. El artículo también nos ofrece una serie de orientaciones, propuestas prácticas y ejemplos de buen uso que pueden servir de orientación al profesorado para que se anime a utilizarlas en sus aulas. Pero la integración de estas tecnologías requiere esfuerzo compartido, motivación y un plan coherente y planificado integrado de forma natural en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje

Teacher perceptions of the time factor in One Laptop per Child

In this paper we analyze teacher perceptions of the time factor in One Laptop per Child. In the first part of this paper we present the state of the art of the incorporation of ICT in schools of Spain following the One Laptop Per Child program (the State plan known as Escuela 2.0).Secondly, we present the qualitative methodology that we use for the study. We will obtain the data by analyzing the questionnaire, with open questions, from teachers participating in the project in Catalonia, in TICSE1 2.0 framework.Finally, we present the results and the teachers’ conclusions about the time factor in the implementation of these programs. In general, the perception that teachers have about using technology is that it requires a lot of time. In their opinion, they need too much time to learn to use ICT and technical aspects of them mean wasted time

Transport of lignin and other lignocellulosic components through supported ionic liquid membranes

Wood can be considered as the main renewable raw material. Until now, the production of cellulose has been the main target of wood transformation. However, the other components, mainly hemicellulose and lignin, must be taken into account for sustainable implementation of bio-refineries. The transition from low to high value added applications, specifically for lignin, requires the development of new separation processes. Supported ionic liquid membranes can be a promising option to separate and purify lignocellulosic components. The extraction from the feed phase to the stripping phase in only one stage allows the compaction of the system, without high energy demand. The main objective of this work was the analysis of the potential of supported ionic liquid membranes for lignin extraction and purification. [BMIM]MeSO4, [EMIM]EtSO4 and CYPHOS 108 were the ionic liquids chosen to impregnate PVDF membranes. The obtained results demonstrated that lignin can be extracted, but the SILMs were not selective and further study is required to determine their stability and the transport mechanisms involved.This research has been financially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) through CTQ2014-56820-JIN Project, co-financed by FEDER funds

Bienestar eudaimónico y meditación mindfulness en los contextos laborales: una revisión sistemática

This systematic review analyzes the effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on variables related to eudaimonic well-being in organizational contexts. A search for relevant publications was conducted in the PsycInfo, Pubmed, and ProQuest databases, ranging from January 2009 to December 2019. The search terms included variables related to Ryff's psychological well-being model (2018) (e.g., resilience, maturity, wisdom, autonomy, etc.). 9006 studies were reviewed following the PRISMA guidelines, of which 16 were included. Nine psychological variables related to eudaimonia were identified. The studies differed in the type of MBI, duration of the intervention, time of practice and eudaimonic variables evaluated. MBIs are effective, with medium effect sizes, to improve self-acceptance, positive relationships, and personal growth. However, high-quality studies are needed.El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los efectos de las intervenciones basadas en mindfulness (IBMs) sobre variables relacionadas con el bienestar eudaimónico en contextos laborales. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática de ensayos controlados aleatorizados, efectuándose una búsqueda de publicaciones relevantes en las bases de datos PsycInfo, Pubmed y ProQuest (acotando desde enero de 2009 a diciembre de 2019). Los términos de búsqueda incluyeron variables relacionadas con la eudaimonia (p. ej. resilience, maturity, wisdom, etc.). 9006 estudios fueron revisados, de los que 16 fueron incluidos finalmente. Se identificaron 9 variables psicológicas relacionadas con el modelo de bienestar eudaimónico de Ryff (2018). Los estudios diferían en el tipo de IBM, duración de la intervención, tiempo de práctica y variables eudaimónicas evaluadas. En general, las IBMs son eficaces, con tamaños de efecto medios, para mejorar autoaceptación, relaciones positivas y crecimiento personal. No obstante, son necesarios nuevos estudios de mayor calidad

Gas chromatography coupled to tunable pulsed glow discharge time-of-flight mass spectrometry for environmental analysis

A tuneable microsecond pulsed direct current glow discharge (GD)-time-of-flight mass spectrometer MS(TOF) developed in our laboratory was coupled to a gas chromatograph (GC) to obtain sequential collection of the mass spectra, at different temporal regimes occurring in the GD pulses, during elution of the analytes. The capabilities of this set-up were explored using a mixture of volatile organic compounds of environmental concern: BrClCH, Cl3CH, Cl4C, BrCl2CH, Br2ClCH, Br3CH. The experimental parameters of the GC-pulsed GD-MS(TOF) prototype were optimized in order to separate appropriately and analyze the six selected organic compounds, and two GC carrier gases, helium and nitrogen, were evaluated. Mass spectra for all analytes were obtained in the prepeak, plateau and afterpeak temporal regimes of the pulsed GD. Results showed that helium offered the best elemental sensitivity, while nitrogen provided higher signal intensities for fragments and molecular peaks. The analytical performance characteristics were also worked out for each analyte. Absolute detection limits obtained were in the order of ng. In a second step, headspace solid phase microextraction (HS SPME), as sample preparation and preconcentration technique, was evaluated for the quantification of the compounds under study, in order to achieve the required analytical sensitivity for trihalomethanes European Union (EU) environmental legislation. The analytical figures of merit obtained using the proposed methodology showed rather good detection limits (between 2 and 13 μg L−1 depending on the analyte). In fact, the developed methodology met the EU legislation requirements (the maximum level permitted in tap water for the “total trihalomethanes” is set at 100 μg L−1). Real analysis of drinking water and river water were successfully carried out. To our knowledge this is the first application of GC-pulsed GD-MS(TOF) for the analysis of real samples. Its ability to provide elemental, fragments and molecular information of the organic compounds is demonstrated

Preliminary techno-economic analysis of non-commercial ceramic and organosilica membranes for hydrogen peroxide ultrapurification

Polymeric membrane cascades have demonstrated their technical and economic viability for hydrogen peroxide ultrapurification. Nevertheless, these membranes suffer from fast degradation under such oxidative conditions. Alternative membranes with higher chemical resistance could improve the ultrapurification process. Therefore, this work presents the preliminary techno-economic analysis of two non-commercial membranes (a ceramic one and a hybrid organosilica one). This analysis is complemented with further research regarding the competitiveness of these alternative membranes compared to polymeric ones. The results confirm the technical viability for both membranes, but the ceramic membrane is not appropriate when Na is considered as the limiting impurity (because it has too low rejection coefficient). The economic viability of the proposed ultrapurification processes is also probed, but not under competitive conditions, as the polyamide membrane appears to be the optimal choice. Nonetheless, improvements in the permeability of the hybrid membrane (an increase in the membrane permeability by a factor of 10) or the rejection performance of the ceramic membrane (an increase in the reflection coefficient above 0.85) could transform these non-commercial membranes into the most profitable alternative.This research has been financially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) through CTQ2014-56820-JIN Project, co-financed by FEDER funds. R. Abejón acknowledges the assistance of the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) for the award of a Post-Doctoral Fellowship (Short-Term) for North American and European Researchers (PE14057)

Water recovery and reuse in the fractionation of protein hydrolysate by ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes

The fractionation of a protein hydrolysate obtained from tuna processing by-products by means of a membrane cascade integrating ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes was proposed in order to separate and purify the protein fraction between 1 and 4 kDa, which is the most interesting for nutraceutical purposes. A simulation model, based on mass balances and empirical equations for describing permeate flux and rejection of protein fractions, was developed and complemented with a simple cost estimation model. The product purity (49.3 %) and the process yield (62.6 %) were independent of the total water consumption of the process, but high water consumptions were required to maintain the total protein content of the stream below upper bounds that assured the absence of membrane clogging. The implementation of a water recovery system, based on an additional tight NF stage, implied improvements in both environmental and economic aspects of the process

Extinction procedure induces pruning of dendritic spines in CA1 hippocampal field depending on strength of training in rats

Numerous reports indicate that learning and memory of conditioned responses are accompanied by genesis of dendritic spines in the hippocampus, although there is a conspicuous lack of information regarding spine modifications after behavioral extinction. There is ample evidence that treatments that typically produce amnesia become innocuous when animals are submitted to a procedure of enhanced training. We now report that extinction of inhibitory avoidance (IA), trained with relatively low foot-shock intensities, induces pruning of dendritic spines along the length of the apical dendrites of hippocampal CA1 neurons. When animals are trained with a relatively high foot-shock there is a high resistance to extinction, and pruning in the proximal and medial segments of the apical dendrite are seen, while spine count in the distal dendrite remains normal. These results indicate that pruning is involved in behavioral extinction, while maintenance of spines is a probable mechanism that mediates the protecting effect against amnesic treatments produced by enhanced training

Recreos cooperativos e inclusivos a través de la metodología de aprendizaje-servicio

This paper presents a service-learning experience conducted at the Faculty of Humanities and Education at the University of Zaragoza. This experience has resulted in a project called cooperative and inclusive breaks, whose impact is important because it is being carried out in almost all public schools in the Pre-School and Primary Education of the City of Huesca. In this project we have seen how students of the Teacher Degree have developed cross skills of the Degree, while they have provided a service in the immediate environment by 1) improving the interactions established during breaks between elementary school children and 2) reducing social exclusion and marginalizing dynamics that occur during breaks.Este artículo presenta una experiencia de aprendizaje-servicio llevada a cabo por la Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y de la Educación de Huesca. Dicha experiencia se ha materializado en un proyecto denominado Recreos cooperativos e inclusivos, cuya repercusión es trascendente puesto que se está llevando a cabo en diez centros públicos de la etapa de Educación Infantil y Primaria de la ciudad de Huesca. A partir de la misma hemos podido constatar como los estudiantes de Magisterio desarrollan competencias transversales del Grado, al mismo tiempo que brindan un servicio en el entorno próximo mejorando las interacciones que se establecen en los recreos entre los niños de primaria y disminuyendo la exclusión social y las dinámicas segregacionistas y marginadoras que se ponían de manifiesto en los recreos