Characteristics of 24 SARS-CoV-2-Sequenced Reinfection Cases in a Tertiary Hospital in Spain

SARS-CoV-2; Clinical features; ReinfectionSARS-CoV-2; Características clínicas; ReinfecciónSARS-CoV-2; Característiques clíniques; ReinfeccióBackground: Since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the main concern is whether reinfections are possible, and which are the associated risk factors. This study aims to describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of 24 sequence-confirmed reinfection SARS-CoV-2 cases over 1 year in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). Methods: Patients with > 45 days between two positive PCR tests regardless of symptoms and negative tests between episodes were initially considered as suspected reinfection cases from November 2020 to May 2021. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to confirm genetic differences between consensus sequences and for phylogenetic studies based on PANGOLIN nomenclature. Reinfections were confirmed by the number of mutations, change in lineage, or epidemiological criteria. Results: From 39 reported suspected reinfection cases, complete viral genomes could be sequenced from both episodes of 24 patients, all were confirmed as true reinfections. With a median age of 44 years (interquartile range [IQR] 32–65), 66% were women and 58% were healthcare workers (HCWs). The median days between episodes were 122 (IQR 72–199), occurring one-third within 3 months. Reinfection episodes were frequently asymptomatic and less severe than primary infections. The absence of seroconversion was associated with symptomatic reinfections. Only one case was reinfected with a variant of concern (VOC). Conclusion: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reinfections can occur in a shorter time than previously reported and are mainly found in immunocompetent patients. Surveillance through WGS is useful to identify viral mutations associated with immune evasion.This research was supported by CIBER -Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red- (CB 2021), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Unión Europea – NextGenerationEU

A year living with SARS-CoV-2: an epidemiological overview of viral lineage circulation by whole-genome sequencing in Barcelona city (Catalonia, Spain)

Catalonia; SARS-CoV-2; Molecular epidemiologyCataluña; SARS-CoV-2; Epidemiología molecularCatalunya; SARS-CoV-2; Epidemiologia molecularHerein, we describe the genetic diversity of circulating SARS-CoV-2 viruses by whole-genome sequencing (WGS) in Barcelona city (Catalonia, Spain) throughout the first four pandemic waves. From weeks 11/2020–24/2021, SARS-CoV-2-positive respiratory samples were randomly selected per clinical setting (80% from primary care or 20% from the hospital), age group, and week. WGS was performed following the ARTICv3 protocol on MiSeq or NextSeq2000 Illumina platforms. Nearly complete consensus sequences were used for genetic characterization based on GISAID and PANGOLIN nomenclatures. From 2475 samples, 2166 (87%) were fully sequenced (78% from primary care and 22% from hospital settings). Multiple genetic lineages were co-circulating, but four were predominant at different periods. While B.1.5 (50.68%) and B.1.1 (32.88%) were the major lineages during the first pandemic wave, B.1.177 (66.85%) and B.1.1.7 (83.80%) were predominant during the second, third, and fourth waves, respectively. Almost all (96.4%) were carrying D614G mutation in the S protein, with additional mutations that define lineages or variants. But some mutations of concern, such as E484K from B.1.351 and P.1 lineages are currently under monitoring, together with those observed in the receptor-binding domain or N-terminal domain, such as L452R and T478K from B.1.617.2 lineage. The fact that a predominant lineage was observed in each pandemic wave suggests advantageous properties over other contemporary co-circulating variants. This genetic variability should be monitored, especially when a massive vaccination campaign is ongoing because the potential selection and emergence of novel antigenic SARS-CoV-2 strains related to immunological escapement events.This work was supported by Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases: [Grant Number REIPI RD16/0016/0003]; Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial (CDTI) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Business [Grant Number IDI-20200297]; Direcció General de Recerca i Innovació en Salut (DGRIS); European Development Regional Fund (ERDF) “A way to achieve Europe” by Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases [REIPI RD16/0016/0003]

Ciudades sostenibles: Un enfoque diferenciado del desarrollo de las ciudades

La innovación se ha posicionado como el motor que impulsa el desarrollo de las naciones. Desde las grandes economías de las potencias mundiales hasta economías emergentes propias de países en desarrollo, han implementado Innovación en sus procesos productivos, logrando con ello posicionar sus economías regional y mundialmente. La innovación se apoya en la I+D, y esta, a su vez, se fortalece con los recursos destinados por las naciones. En el caso de Colombia, es grande el reto en materia de investigación, es necesario la concientización de que, a mayor inversión, más número de investigadores realizando estudio, más modernizadas las empresas y un mayor crecimiento económico regional

Aportes del Consultorio Jurídico y Centro de Conciliación de CECAR en la resolución de conflictos, años 2018-2020

El rol del Consultorio Jurídico y Centro de Conciliación de la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Políticas de la Corporación Universitaria del Caribe-CECAR en el departamento de Sucre, pretende determinar el papel que juega este consultorio jurídico en el desarrollo y la calidad de vida de todos los habitantes del departamento de Sucre, siendo una oficina con las puertas abiertas ubicada en la capital Sincelejo; pero con brigadas jurídicas realizadas constantemente a todos los municipios del departamento, trasladándose así todos los funcionarios con la finalidad de ofrecer y prestar los servicios que legalmente pueden realizar, cumpliendo así con un precepto constitucional y dándole desarrollo a una proyección social determinante

ARIA Mexico 2014 Adaptation of the Clinical Practice Guide ARIA 2010 for Mexico. Methodology ADAPTE

Background: The global prevalence of allergic rhinitis is high. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase III reports a total estimated prevalence of 4.6% in Mexico. There is evidence based on allergic rhinitis Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG), but its promotion, acceptance and application is not optimal or adequate in Mexico. Objective: To generate a guideline for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma by adaptating the 2010 ARIA Guideline to Mexican reality, through a transculturation process applying the ADAPTE methodology. Material and method: Using the ADAPTE Methodology, the original 2010 ARIA CPG recommendations were evaluated by the guideline development group (GDG) into which multiple medical specialities managing patients with allergic rhinitis were incoorporated. The GDG valorated the quality of 2010 ARIA, checked and translated key clinical questions. Moreover, the GDG adjusted recommendations, patient preferences and included comments in the context of the Mexican reality (safety, costs and cultural issues). To accomplish this, we ran Delphi panels with as many rounds as necessary to reach agreement. One extra question, not included in the original 2010 ARIA, on the use of Nasal Lavages for AR was created sustained by a systematic literature review. Results: A total of 45 questions from the original 2010 ARIA were included and divided into six groups covering prevention, medical treatment, immunotherapy and alternative medicine to treat patients with allergic rhinitis with or without asthma. Most of the questions reached agreement in one or two rounds; one question required three rounds. Conclusions: An easy-to-use, adaptated, up-to-date and applicable allergic rhinitis guideline for Mexico is now available

Memoria del segundo congreso internacional sobre paz, democracia y desarrollo.

Los textos presentados reflejan el espíritu del encuentro que los reunió. Juntos expresan un ejercicio de interdisciplinariedad, pluralidad, debate de ideas, y difusión de diferentes puntos de vista, sobre temas relacionados con la cultura de paz, la violencia, el desarrollo y la democracia. Y contribuyen a la comprensión sobre los límites, heterogeneidades y lagunas del proceso de instauración y consolidación de las instituciones democráticas de los países de América Latina. También analizan la marginación, la desigualdad, la inequidad, la violencia, la inseguridad cotidiana y otros asuntos relacionados con la falta de recursos y opciones para los habitates de la región

Revista Temas Agrarios Volumen 26; Suplemento 1 de 2021

1st International and 2nd National Symposium of Agronomic Sciences: The rebirth of the scientific discussion space for the Colombian Agro.1 Simposio Intenacional y 2 Nacional de Ciencias Agronómicas: El renacer del espacio de discusión científica para el Agro colombiano