Microalgae and Cyanobacteria as Green Molecular Factories: Tools and Perspectives

Cyanobacteria and eukaryotic microalgae are phototrophic microorganisms capable of producing organic compounds using solar energy. Owing to their fast growth, low cost cultivation, and the diversity of high-value chemical substances produced, they are considered an attractive target to be exploited by the biotechnology industry. While genetic modulation of these organisms has been extensively proved in the laboratory, present-day microalgal industry uses mainly non-transgenic strains. Although some unicellular cyanobacteria can be successfully engineered, many commercial bioproducts are synthesized preferably by eukaryotic microalgae or filamentous cyanobacteria to take advantage of their better-suited natural physiological characteristics. The successful genetic engineering of these microorganisms is not limited to the understanding of the gene expression machinery (e.g., promoters, codon usage, ribosome binding sites), but it must also include other subjects, such as defense mechanisms against the intrusion of foreign DNA. This chapter reviews current strategies in microalgae biotechnology and analyzes the most frequent problems we faced to genetically manipulate these microorganisms, including their transformation and selection methodologies. In summary, we attempt to provide a comprehensive review of the relevant information and tools required for optimal engineering of a photosynthetic microorganism employed in sustainable biotechnology applications

Terrestrial aeromagnetic survey of waste deposits: a pilot study in Gualeguaychú, Entre Ríos

La presente contribución contiene  resultados de la aplicación de relevamiento magnetomètrico terrestre en el estudio de rellenos sanitarios. Se ha elegido como caso testigo el área situada hacia el sur de la localidad de Gualeguaychú, en el extremo sudoriental de la provincia de Entre Ríos. Esta fue seleccionada pues se tenía conocimiento del cese de operaciones  y existía interés de autoridades locales en verificar la ausencia de anomalías indicadoras de potenciales residuos peligrosos para el ambiente. La interpretación de la respuesta magnética obtenida sugiere que los objetos enterrados  con alta susceptibilidad magnética,  no serìan de grandes proporciones (menores a tanques de 1 m de altura) . Por ello,  se descartarìa la presencia de tambores, eventuales contenedores de elementos tòxicos. La profundidad de soterramiento de los objetos de alta susceptibilidad magnética aumenta a mayor distancia del camino de acceso a la zona.This paper presents the results of the application of terrestrial magnetometry in the study of waste deposits. The area chosen for the pilot study was located toward the south of the town of Gualeguaychú, in the southeastern Entre Rios province. This location was selected because it was known that operations were to cease and local authorities had an interest in verifying the presence of anomalies indicative of potentially dangerous environmental pollutants. Interpretation of the magnetic signal suggests that buried objects of high magnetic susceptibility are not large (smaller than containers of 1m in height). For that reason we discount the presence of drums of standard dimensions, the possible containers of toxic elements. The estimated depth of the objects of high susceptibility increases with the distance from the access road to the the area.Fil: Orgeira, Maria Julia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología. Instituto de Geofísica "Daniel Valencio"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Vásquez, Cristian A.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Ciclo Básico Común; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología. Instituto de Geofísica "Daniel Valencio"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ostera, Hector Adolfo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Geología. Instituto de Geofísica "Daniel Valencio"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

El Plan de Desarrollo Concertado y los factores que limitan el cumplimiento presupuestal en el eje de Salud y Saneamiento básico de la Municipalidad Distrital de San Salvador, provincia de Calca periodo 2018

En la presente tesis intitulada “EL PLAN DE DESARROLLO CONCERTADO Y LOS FACTORES QUE LIMITAN EL CUMPLIMIENTO PRESUPUESTAL EN EL EJE DE SALUD Y SANEAMIENTO BÁSICO DE LA MUNICIPALIDAD DISTRITAL DE SAN SALVADOR, PROVINCIA DE CALCA PERIODO 2018.” Cuyo problema de investigación es ¿Cuáles son los factores que limitan el cumplimiento de la situación presupuestal en el eje de Salud y Saneamiento básico del Plan de Desarrollo Concertado en la Municipalidad Distrital de San Salvador provincia de Calca periodo 2018? Que tiene como objetivo general establecer cuáles son los factores que limitan el cumplimiento de la situación presupuestal del eje de Salud y Saneamiento básico del Plan de Desarrollo Concertado en la Municipalidad Distrital de San Salvador provincia de Calca periodo 2018; la población de estudio y la muestra estuvo conformada por un total de 09 funcionarios encargados de los 06 proyectos del eje de Salud y Saneamiento básico del Plan de Desarrollo Concertado. Con referencia a la metodología de la presente investigación fue realizada con un tipo de investigación básica, no experimental y un enfoque cuantitativo. En cuanto al diseño fue no experimental por cuanto la intervención a las unidades de análisis, se realizará en una sola oportunidad. Llegando al siguiente resultado: Los factores que limitan el cumplimiento de la situación presupuestal del eje de Salud y Saneamiento básico del Plan de Desarrollo Concertado en la Municipalidad Distrital de San Salvador provincia de Calca son factores políticos, falta de ejecución presupuestal y falta de presupuesto total como se aprecia en las tablas, 10, 11 y 12.In this thesis entitled "THE CONCERTED DEVELOPMENT PLAN AND THE FACTORS THAT LIMIT THE BUDGET COMPLIANCE IN THE BASIC HEALTH AND SANITATION AREA OF THE DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY OF SAN SALVADOR, CALCA PROVINCE PERIOD 2018." Which research problem is: What are the factors that limit compliance with the budget situation in the health and basic sanitation axis of the Concerted Development Plan in the District Municipality of San Salvador Province of Calca period 2018? The general objective is to establish the factors that limit compliance with the budget situation of the Health and Basic Sanitation axis of the Concerted Development Plan in the District Municipality of San Salvador Province of Calca period 2018. The study population and the sample consisted of a total of 09 officials in charge of the 06 projects of the health and basic sanitation axis of the concerted development plan. Regarding the methodology of this research, it was carried out with a type of basic, non-experimental research, and a quantitative approach. Reaching the following result: The factors that limit compliance with the budgetary situation of the health and basic sanitation axis of the development plan agreed upon in the District Municipality of San Salvador, Calca Province are Political Factors, lack of budget execution, and lack of total budget as seen in tables 10, 11 and 12.Contabilidad en lo Público y Socia

The Transformative Potential of Agroecological Farmers: An Analysis of Food System Strategies Developed through Participatory Processes in Nicaragua and the UK

Short paper submission for 8th AESOP-Sustainable Food Planning Conference, Coventry (UK) 2017: Re-imagining sustainable food planning, building resourcefulness: Food movements, insurgent planning and heterodox economics. A longer version of this paper can be submitted upon request.In the current social system which tends to marginalise small scale producers, frame the interests of consumers as antithetical to those of producers, and force producers to compete against one another, there are questions about the extent to which strategies and alliances identified by agroecological farmers would be sufficiently transformative (or ‘radical’ according to Holt-Giménez and Shattuck, 2011) to address the problems of our existing food systems. In the context of our globalised and unequal food system, there are also questions about the extent to which strategies of farmers in the so-called global south might complement or contradict those of farmers in the so-called global north. Building on a participatory farmer-led research initiative, this paper analyses the strategies developed by small-scale agroecological producers in the global south (Nicaragua) and north (UK), and the extent to which they might sufficient for transforming food systems to become socially and ecologically regenerative

Structural analysis of Xanthan GUM-FE (III) capsules

In this work, the formation of capsules in xanthan gum and complexing solutions of Fe III is structurally evaluated. These capsules have a spheroid shape that, when dried, collapse into disc shapes. These spheroids are made up of microspheres that partially explain this collapse. The backscattered SEM image shows areas rich in Fe and others poorer in this metal, the EDX analysis confirms this. FTIR chromatograms show a clear shift at approximately 1620 cm-1 due to the formation of the xanthan gum-Fe III complex. This work also proposes a structure, theoretically demonstrated, between xanthan gum and Fe III, which can explain what the biopolymeric structure bending procedure is like due to the presence of Fe III, a model called TransbiHook.Fil: Vásquez, Elena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza Dr. Mario H. Burgos. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza Dr. Mario H. Burgos; ArgentinaFil: Piguillem Palacios, Sofía Viviana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Rubio, Santiago. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Jorge Ramón Abel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Baldoni, Hector Armando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico, Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Matemática Aplicada de San Luis "Prof. Ezio Marchi"; ArgentinaFil: Vega, Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Masuelli, Martin Alberto. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich". Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales. Instituto de Física Aplicada "Dr. Jorge Andrés Zgrablich"; Argentin

Prevalence and correlates of mild cognitive impairment among diverse Hispanics/Latinos: Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging results.

IntroductionWe estimated the prevalence and correlates of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among middle-aged and older diverse Hispanics/Latinos.MethodsMiddle-aged and older diverse Hispanics/Latinos enrolled (n = 6377; 50-86 years) in this multisite prospective cohort study were evaluated for MCI using the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association diagnostic criteria.ResultsThe overall MCI prevalence was 9.8%, which varied between Hispanic/Latino groups. Older age, high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, and elevated depressive symptoms were significant correlates of MCI prevalence. Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE) and APOE2 were not significantly associated with MCI.DiscussionMCI prevalence varied among Hispanic/Latino backgrounds, but not as widely as reported in the previous studies. CVD risk and depressive symptoms were associated with increased MCI, whereas APOE4 was not, suggesting alternative etiologies for MCI among diverse Hispanics/Latinos. Our findings suggest that mitigating CVD risk factors may offer important pathways to understanding and reducing MCI and possibly dementia among diverse Hispanics/Latinos

Diagnóstico y plan estratégico de la empresa Plasencia Cigars S.A.

El presente trabajo fue elaborado en Plasencia Cigars una prestigiosa empresa tabacalera ubicada en Estelí, presenta un diagnostico empresarial con el fin de analizar los puntos débiles que estaban impidiendo que la empresa prospere y también un plan estratégico el cual ayudará a que Plasencia se proyecte en el futuro

Moderate-vigorous physical activity and health-related quality of life among Hispanic/Latino adults in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

BackgroundPhysical activity is a modifiable healthy behavior that has been shown to positively influence health-related quality of life. However, research examining the link between physical activity and health-related quality of life among Hispanic/Latino adults is limited and inconsistent. The purpose of this study is to assess whether accelerometer-measured moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with self-reported (a) mental health-related quality of life, and (b) physical health-related quality of life among diverse Hispanic/Latino adults in the US.MethodsCross-sectional data from 12,379 adults ages 18-74 years in 2008-2011, who participated in HCHS/SOL and had complete data were analyzed using complex survey design methods. Accelerometer data were categorized into no MVPA, low, moderate, and high MVPA. Health-related quality of life was assessed with the Short-Form 12 and we used the mental and physical component subscales where higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life. Multivariate linear regression models were used to derive adjusted means with 95% confidence intervals and linear trends.ResultsWe observed no significant linear trend between accelerometer-measured MVPA and mental health-related quality of life (ptrend = 0.73). There was a significant positive association between MVPA and physical health-related quality of life (ptrend < 0.001) where higher MVPA corresponded with higher scores in physical health-related quality of life. The adjusted means were 46.67 (44.85-48.48) for no MVPA, 49.33 (49.03-49.63) for low MVPA, 50.61 (50.09-51.13) for moderate MVPA, and 51.36 (50.86-51.86) for high MVPA.ConclusionsAmong diverse Hispanic/Latino adults in the US, accelerometer-measured MVPA was associated with physical health-related quality of life, but not mental health-related quality of life. Future interventions should evaluate if increases in MVPA lead to improvements in health-related quality of life

Morbilidad sistema cardiovascular Hospital Universitario San Jorge de Pereira (año 2000) Aportes para la docencia

El presente artículo corresponde a una revisión sistemáticade los diagnósticos del Sistema Cardiovascular registradosen los servicios de urgencias, consulta externa y hospitalizaciónde la Empresa Social del Estado ESE Hospital UniversitarioSan Jorge, durante el año 2000. La informaciónse obtuvo de los registros estadísticos de esta entidad. Seagruparon las diez primeras entidades en cada uno de lostres servicios obteniéndose con esta un 79% de todos losdiagnósticos. Las primeras entidades en estos servicios fueron:hipertensión arterial, insuficiencia cardiaca y enfermedadcoronaria. Los autores hacen recomendaciones orientadasa centrar la enseñanza de la Semiología Cardiovascularen estas entidades que son las de mayor frecuencia. El estudiotambién dejó conocer algunos temas para futuras investigaciones