Image noise reduction by deep learning methods

Image noise reduction is an important task in the field of computer vision and image processing. Traditional noise filtering methods may be limited by their ability to preserve image details. The purpose of this work is to study and apply deep learning methods to reduce noise in images. The main tasks of noise reduction in images are the removal of Gaussian noise, salt and pepper noise, noise of lines and stripes, noise caused by compression, and noise caused by equipment defects. In this paper, such noises as the removal of raindrops, dust, and traces of snow on the images were considered. In the work, complex patterns and high noise density were studied. A deep learning algorithm, such as the decomposition method with and without preprocessing, and their effectiveness in applying noise reduction are considered. It is expected that the results of the study will confirm the effectiveness of deep learning methods in reducing noise in images. This may lead to the development of more accurate and versatile image processing methods capable of preserving details and improving the visual quality of images in various fields, including medicine, photography, and video

Terpenyl-Purines from the Sea

Agelasines, asmarines and related compounds are natural products with a hybrid terpene-purine structure isolated from numerous genera of sponges (Agela sp., Raspailia sp.). Some agelasine analogs and related structures have displayed high general toxicity towards protozoa, and have exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against a variety of species, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and also an important cytotoxic activity against several cancer cell lines, including multidrug-resistant ones. Of particular interest in this context are the asmarines (tetrahydro[1,4]diazepino[1,2,3-g,h]purines), which have shown potent antiproliferative activity against several types of human cancer cell lines. This review summarizes the sources of isolation, chemistry and bioactivity of marine alkylpurines and their bioactive derivatives

Entwicklung und Perspektive der deutsch-kasachischen Beziehungen im Cleantech-Bereich

Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Analyse der möglichen Partnerschaft zwischen Deutschland und Kasachstan in den Fragen der nicht-traditionellen Energieträger. Das Hauptziel liegt darin, den heutigen Zustand des energetischen Sektors Kasachstans zu betrachten und Entwicklung der erneuerbaren Energiequellen in Kasachstan zu zeigen

Approach to Modeling and Control of Operational Modes for Chemical and Engineering System Based on Various Information

Method on development of mathematical models for chemical and engineering system (CES) in the conditions of deficit and illegible initial information is presented based on system approach and use of the available information sources. The method is implemented when developing models of chemical and engineering system of reforming block used for the production of high-quality gasoline. Mathematical problem definitions for control and selection of effective operating modes for chemical and engineering system are formalized and obtained on the basis of mathematical modeling. Based on principles of relative assumption and equality principles, heuristic algorithm is developed for the solution of formulated problem related to making decisions on operating modes of reactors of reforming block. Setting problems on control in the indefinite environment and heuristic algorithms for their solving are obtained by modification of various optimality principles based on theories of fuzzy sets

Fuzzy decision-making problem for controlling operating modes of technological systems and method for their solution

Statements of decision-making problems for managing fuzzy technological objects have been formalized and obtained. and methods for solving them are proposed. The object of study is a heating station for a “hot” main oil pipeline. Since such objects are often characterized by multi-criteria and often operate in conditions of unclear initial information, the tasks are formalized in the form of multi-criteria decision-making problems in a fuzzy environment. Based on the modification of various optimality principles, new mathematical formulations of the problems to be solved were obtained and interactive heuristic algorithms for solving them were developed. The novelty of the proposed approaches to solving formalized fuzzy problems from well-known methods for solving fuzzy problems lies in the fact that problems are posed and solved without first converting them to equivalent deterministic options, which does not reduce the loss of original fuzzy information and makes it possible to obtain more adequate and effective solutions. An example is given of the practical application of the proposed approach to solving decision-making problems by implementing one of the developed algorithms when solving the problem of choosing an effective operating mode for the oil heating station of the Uzen-Samara oil pipeline at the Atyrau point

The System of Models and Optimization of Operating Modes of a Catalytic Reforming Unit Using Initial Fuzzy Information

The study aims to develop a system of models and a method for optimizing the operating modes of a catalytic reforming unit using fuzzy information, which makes it possible to effectively control the reforming process of the object under study. The object of study of this work is a catalytic reforming unit that has been operating for more than half a century and is characterized by the lack of clarity of some part of the initial information. The research methods are methods of system analysis, mathematical modeling, multicriteria optimization, and expert assessments, as well as methods of theories of fuzzy set theories, which allows formalizing and using fuzzy information, as well as experimental-statistical methods. As a result of the conducted research, the following main results were obtained. Based on a systematic approach, an effective methodology has been developed for developing a system of models of interconnected plant units using various types of available information, including fuzzy information. Using the proposed method, hybrid models have been developed to determine the volume of the produced catalyzate and its quality indicators. A scheme has been constructed for combining the developed models of the main units of the catalytic reforming unit into a single package of models. The built system of models makes it possible to systematically simulate the operation of the plant under study and improve the efficiency of the facility by increasing the volume of target products produced and improving its quality indicators. A statement of the problem of multicriteria optimization is obtained, taking into account the partial fuzziness of the initial information, and a heuristic method for its solution is developed, which is based on the use of knowledge, experience, and intuition of the decision-maker. The results of modeling and optimization show the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy approach

Multi-criteria selection of operating modes of main pipeline units during oil transportation with fuzzy information

Актуальность исследования обосновывается тем, что при управлении процессами транспортировки нефти по магистральным трубопроводам возникает необходимость определения и выбора оптимальных режимов работы агрегатов нефтепровода с учетом нечеткости некоторой части исходной информации. В этой связи формулировка и решение задач многокритериального выбора эффективных режимов работы технологических объектов нефтепроводной системы, которые часто описываются в нечеткой информационной среде на основе математического аппарата нечетких множеств, является актуальной научно-практической задачей. Цель: сформулировать постановку задач многокритериального выбора режимов работы технологических агрегатов нефтепровода в нечеткой информационной среде и, модифицируя различные принципы оптимальности, разработать эвристические методы их решения. Разработанные методы должны быть реализованы с привлечением лица, принимающего решения, в процессе принятия решений. Реализовать предложенный нечеткий подход к решению задачи выбора оптимального режима работы на примере станции подогрева нефти магистрального нефтепровода Узень-Самара в пункте Атырау. Объекты: технологические агрегаты магистрального нефтепровода, которые характеризуются многокритериальностью и нечеткостью некоторых ограничений. Методы: методы теорий нечетких множеств, методы многокритериального выбора, эвристические методы, методы нечеткого математического программирования. Результаты. Сформулированы постановки задач многокритериального выбора режимов работы технологических агрегатов магистральных нефтепроводов в условиях нечеткости некоторой части исходной информации, и разработаны эвристические методы их решения. Предложенные эвристические методы многокритериального выбора в нечеткой среде разработаны на основе применения опыта и знаний лица, принимающего решения и модификации различных принципов оптимальности для работы в нечеткой среде. Для обеспечения возможности выбора лицом, принимающим решения, более удобного метода решения задачи выбора режима в зависимости от наличия и доступности исходной информации, предлагается набор постановки задачи выбора путем применения различных принципов оптимальности (компромиссных схем принятия решений) и их комбинации. Предложенный подход реализован при постановке и решении задачи многокритериального выбора режимов работы нефтепровода с целью оптимального управления процессом перекачки нефти по магистральному нефтепроводу Узень-Атырау-Самара (участок Кульсары-Атырау) с привлечением человека, т. е. применяя нечеткую информацию в виде его опыта, знаний и интуиций. Полученные результаты подтвердили эффективность предложенного подхода к решению поставленных задач.The relevance of the research is justified by the fact that when managing oil transportation through trunk pipelines, it becomes necessary to determine and select the optimal operating modes of the pipeline units, taking into account the vagueness of some part of the initial information. In this regard, the formulation and solution of the problems of multi-criteria selection of effective operating modes of technological objects of the oil pipeline system, which are often described in a fuzzy information environment based on the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy sets, is an urgent scientific and practical task. The main aim of the research is to formulate the problem statements of the multi-criteria selection of operating modes of technological objects with fuzzy initial information based on the adaptation of various principles of optimality and develop heuristic methods for their solution, which are based on attracting a decision maker in solving the problem. Implement the proposed fuzzy approach to solving the problem of selecting the optimal operating mode for the oil heating station of the Uzen-Samara trunk oil pipeline in Atyrau. Objects: technological units of the main oil pipeline, which are characterized by multi-criteria and unclear certain restrictions. Methods: methods of theories of fuzzy sets, methods of multicriteria choice, heuristic methods, methods of fuzzy mathematical programming. Results. The authors have stated the problems of multi-criteria selection of operating modes of technological units of main oil pipelines in the conditions of fuzziness of some part of the initial information and developed the heuristic methods for their solution. The proposed heuristic methods of multi-criteria selection in a fuzzy environment are developed based on the application of experience and knowledge of the decision maker and modification of various optimality principles for working in a fuzzy environment. To ensure that the decision maker can choose a more convenient method of solving the choice problem depending on the availability and accessibility of the source information, the current situation, a set of statement of the choice problem is proposed by applying various principles of optimality (compromise decision-making schemes) and their combination. The proposed approach was implemented in formulating and solving the problem of multi-criteria selection of operating modes of the pipeline with the aim of optimally controlling the process of pumping oil through the Uzen-Atyrau-Samara trunk pipeline (Kulsary-Atyrau section) with the involvement of a person, i. e. applying fuzzy information in the form of his/her experience, knowledge and intuition. The obtained results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach to solving the tasks