Developing a multi-purpose moisture meter on ultra high frequency.

The article deals with the problems of optimizing the design and structure of the moisture meter, which generally reduces to minimizing measurement errors by selecting the type of sample former and its basic parameters. The constructive, structural and algorithmic optimization methods proposed in the article allow to create a single unified complex of means for controlling the moisture content of fibrous and solid bulk materials that were used in the development of a multi-purpose microwave moisture meter for fibrous materials and granular products of the agro-industrial complex

Principais critérios de seleção do conteúdo de aprendizagem em formação de competência linguoculturológica

The formation of the linguoculturological competence is the topical issue in the modern linguomethodical science. In the course of learning, development and education of the school student the role of Russian language as the worldview subject providing the unity and interaction of language, culture and the personality is indisputable. Russian language learning is built with account of the establishing in the linguodidatics of culture-studying approach which allows solving problems of the formation of skills of communication, of the actualization of the meaning-formative, reflexive and other functions of students. In the article the authors study main selection criteria of the learning content at formation of linguoculturological competence of pupils. According to the research authors’ opinion studied in the article selection criteria of the learning material allow defining the character of the didactic material – special texts reflecting history of language and culture. The author’s come to the conclusion that the formation of the linguoculturological competence of the students considers as well the formation of the world picture which is usually regarded as the education belonging to human consciousness and the way of the perception of the surrounding world. Besides, the author’s of the article think that for the formation of linguoculturological competence of pupils it is necessary to use the means of cross-cultural communication: development of speech etiquette, national stereotypes of speech behavior, language units with a national and cultural component of semantics as the sources of extralinguistic information in course of the dialogue of the native and studied languages and cultures.La formación de la competencia linguoculturológica es el tema tópico en la ciencia lingüística moderna. En el curso de aprendizaje, desarrollo y educación del estudiante de la escuela, el papel del idioma ruso como el sujeto de la cosmovisión que proporciona la unidad e interacción del lenguaje, la cultura y la personalidad es indiscutible. El aprendizaje de la lengua rusa se construye teniendo en cuenta el establecimiento en la lingüística del enfoque de estudio de la cultura que permite resolver problemas de la formación de habilidades de comunicación, de la actualización del significado-formativo, reflexivo y otras funciones de los estudiantes. En el artículo, los autores estudian los principales criterios de selección del contenido de aprendizaje en la formación de la competencia linguoculturológica de los alumnos. Según la investigación, la opinión de los autores estudiados en los criterios de selección de artículos del material didáctico permite definir el carácter del material didáctico, textos especiales que reflejan la historia del lenguaje y la cultura. El autor llegó a la conclusión de que la formación de la competencia linguoculturológica de los estudiantes considera también la formación de la imagen del mundo que generalmente se considera la educación que pertenece a la conciencia humana y el modo de percepción del mundo circundante. Además, los autores del artículo piensan que para la formación de la competencia linguoculturológica de los alumnos es necesario utilizar los medios de comunicación intercultural: desarrollo de la etiqueta del habla, estereotipos nacionales del comportamiento del habla, unidades de lenguaje con un componente nacional y cultural de los alumnos. la semántica como fuente de información extralingüística en el curso del diálogo de las lenguas y culturas nativas y estudiadas.A formação da competência linguoculturológica é a questão tópica na moderna ciência lingüística. No decorrer da aprendizagem, desenvolvimento e educação do estudante da escola, o papel da língua russa como sujeito da cosmovisão, proporcionando a unidade e a interação da língua, da cultura e da personalidade é indiscutível. A aprendizagem da língua russa é construída tendo em conta o estabelecimento na abordagem linguodidática da cultura de estudo que permite resolver problemas de formação de habilidades de comunicação, da atualização das funções de significado-formativas, reflexivas e outras dos alunos. No artigo os autores estudam os principais critérios de seleção do conteúdo de aprendizagem na formação da competência linguoculturológica dos alunos. De acordo com a opinião dos autores da pesquisa, estudada nos critérios de seleção de artigos do material didático, é possível definir o caráter do material didático - textos especiais que refletem a história da língua e da cultura. O autor chegou à conclusão de que a formação da competência linguoculturológica dos estudantes considera também a formação do quadro de mundo que é usualmente considerado como a educação pertencente à consciência humana e o modo de percepção do mundo circundante. Além disso, o autor do artigo pensa que para a formação da competência linguoculturológica dos alunos é necessário utilizar os meios de comunicação transcultural: desenvolvimento da etiqueta de fala, estereótipos nacionais de comportamento de fala, unidades de linguagem com um componente nacional e cultural de semântica como fontes de informação extralinguística no decorrer do diálogo das línguas e culturas nativas e estudadas

Semântica de cores em O.E. Poesia de Mandelstam

This article is devoted to the colour picture of the world of O.E. Mandelstam representing the individual poet’s idea of the colour through the system of colour meanings. The analysis of the language expression of the poet’s colour attitude is carried out on the example of the colouratives of black tone which are dominant in his lyric poetry.The analysed ways of the verbalization of author's meanings at the level of contact and distant connections allow revealing cognitive, mental and emotional spheres of the consciousness of the poet as well as allow interpreting the phenomenon of Mandelstam’s Universum as a difficult phenomenon defining his unique character and originality in the Russian literature. It is noted that the text realization of words in the conditions of the poetic discourse leads to the integration of various aspects of reality and reproduces the author's perception of the world based on the indissoluble, interpenetrating unity of the objective and the subjective, the logical and the sensual, the rational and the emotional.The research is done on the synthesis of traditional and modern methods of the analysis of the realization of a poetic word: component, discourse and text analysis of names as well as the cognitive and hermeneutical analysis of the text that allowed to reveal the correspondence between text units, the information coded by them and mental structures or their elements presenting by this information by means of studying of the nature of connections between them.Este artículo está dedicado a la imagen en color del mundo de O.E. Mandelstam representa la idea individual del poeta sobre el color a través del sistema de significados de color. El análisis de la expresión del lenguaje de la actitud del color del poeta se lleva a cabo sobre el ejemplo de los colourativos del tono negro que son dominantes en su poesía lírica.Las formas analizadas de la verbalización de los significados del autor a nivel de contacto y conexiones distantes permiten revelar las esferas cognitivas, mentales y emocionales de la conciencia del poeta, así como permiten interpretar el fenómeno de Universum de Mandelstam como un fenómeno difícil que define su carácter único y originalidad en la literatura rusa. Se observa que la realización textual de las palabras en las condiciones del discurso poético conduce a la integración de diversos aspectos de la realidad y reproduce la percepción del mundo del autor basada en la unidad indisoluble e interpenetrante de lo objetivo y lo subjetivo, lo lógico y lo lo sensual, lo racional y lo emocional.La investigación se realiza sobre la síntesis de métodos tradicionales y modernos del análisis de la realización de una palabra poética: componente, discurso y análisis textual de nombres, así como el análisis cognitivo y hermenéutico del texto que permitió revelar la correspondencia entre texto unidades, la información codificada por ellos y las estructuras mentales o sus elementos que se presentan por esta información mediante el estudio de la naturaleza de las conexiones entre ellosEste artigo é dedicado à imagem colorida do mundo O.E. Mandelstam representa a idéia individual de cor do poeta através do sistema de significados de cores. A análise da expressão da linguagem da atitude da cor do poeta é levada a cabo no exemplo dos colorativos do tom negro que são dominantes em sua poesia lírica.Formas analisados verbalização dos significados do autor no nível de contato e conexões distantes podem revelar áreas poeta consciência cognitivas, mentais e emocionais, e nos permite interpretar o fenômeno da Universum Mandelstam como um fenômeno difícil de definir a sua caráter único e originalidade na literatura russa. Note-se que a realização textual das palavras sobre as condições de discurso poético leva à integração de vários aspectos da realidade e reproduz a visão de mundo do autor com base na unidade indissolúvel e interpenetração da objetiva e subjetiva, a lógica e o sensual, o racional e o emocional.Pesquisa é realizada sobre a síntese de métodos tradicionais e modernas de análise da realização de um componente palavra poética, discurso e análise textual de nomes, bem como análise de texto cognitivo e hermenêutica que destacou a correspondência entre o texto de unidades, informação codificada por eles e as estruturas mentais ou seus elementos que são apresentados por esta informação, estudando a natureza das conexões entre eles

INCREASING THE SOLUBILITY OF DIPYRIDAMOLE USING POLYETHYLENE GLYCOLS

Objective: The objective of the present study is a determination of the limiting solubility of dipyridamole in water and optimal ratios of polyethylene glycol:dipyridamole at which formation of solid dispersion is observed. Methods: UV-spectroscopy was used to determine the effect of polymer on limiting solubility of dipyridamole. Using low-temperature differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), it was made possible to obtain solid dispersions of dipyridamole with polyethylene glycols having average molecular weight 1000 and 1400. Results: The optimal ratio of polymer:Drug is 1:1, and is 3:1 for PEG-1000 and PEG-1400 respectively. Joint dissolution of dipyridamole with PEG-1400 and PEG-1000 increases the drug content in the water by up to 8.1 times and up to 175 times, compared with the solution containing only dipyridamole. Conclusion: using systems based on dipyridamole and polyethylene glycol with average molecular weight of 1000, may increase the bioavailability of the drug and consequently reduce the dosages. Wide range of ratios, in which the formation of solid dispersions is possible, enables to adjust the solubility of dipyridamole in neutral aqueous media

Main selection criteria for learning content. In the formation of the linguistic competence of the students

La formación de la competencia lingüística es el tema de actualidad en la ciencia lingüística moderna. En el curso del aprendizaje, el desarrollo y la educación del estudiante de la escuela, el papel de la lengua rusa como el sujeto de la cosmovisión que proporciona la unidad e interacción de la lengua, la cultura y la personalidad es indiscutible. El aprendizaje del idioma ruso se construye teniendo en cuenta el establecimiento en la lingüística del enfoque de estudio de la cultura que permite resolver problemas de formación de habilidades de comunicación, la actualización de las funciones formativas, reflexivas y otras de los estudiantes. En el artículo, los autores estudian los principales criterios de selección del contenido de aprendizaje en la formación de la competencia lingüística de los alumnos. Según la opinión de los autores de la investigación estudiada en el artículo, los criterios de selección del material de aprendizaje permiten definir el carácter del material didáctico, textos especiales que reflejan la historia de la lengua y la cultura. El autor llegó a la conclusión de que la formación de la competencia lingüística de los estudiantes también considera la formación del cuadro del mundo, que generalmente se considera como la educación que pertenece a la conciencia humana y el modo de percepción del mundo circundante. Además, los autores del artículo piensan que para la formación de la competencia lingüística de los alumnos es necesario utilizar los medios de comunicación intercultural: desarrollo de la etiqueta del habla, estereotipos nacionales de la conducta del habla, unidades de lenguaje con un componente nacional y cultural de La semántica como fuente de información extralingüística en el curso del diálogo de las lenguas y culturas nativas y estudiadas.The formation of linguistic competence is the current topic in modern linguistic science. In the course of learning, development and education of the school student, the role of the Russian language as the subject of the worldview that provides the unity and interaction of language, culture and personality is indisputable. The learning of the Russian language is built taking into account the establishment in linguistics of the culture study approach that allows solving communication skills training problems, updating the formative, reflective and other functions of the students. In the article, the authors study the main selection criteria of the learning content in the formation of the linguistic competence of the students. According to the opinion of the authors of the research studied in the article, the selection criteria for the learning material allow defining the nature of the teaching material, special texts that reflect the history of the language and culture. The author concluded that the formation of the linguistic competence of the students also considers the formation of the world picture, which is generally considered as the education that belongs to the human conscience and the way of perception of the surrounding world. In addition, the authors of the article think that for the formation of the linguistic competence of the students it is necessary to use the intercultural communication media: development of the label of speech, national stereotypes of speech behavior, units of language with a national component and culture of Semantics as a source of extralinguistic information in the course of the dialogue of the languages and cultures native and studied

Application of multimedia in the process of Chinese language teaching as a foreign language

The urgency of the problem under study is caused by the increased demands on the quality of foreign language teaching, including Chinese, the need to apply modern technologies and innovative teaching methods in educational process. The purpose of the article is to study the technology of multimedia teaching aid application in Chinese classes. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the problem-thematic approach. The main result of the study is the development of the most optimal and effective model of multimedia teaching aid application at the initial stage of Chinese language teaching. The materials of the article can be useful for Chinese language teachers at the initial stage of training, and also for teachers and methodologists

Phraseology and institutional discourse: Angela Merkel

Linguosemiotic approach to the study of phraseological units used by an institutional language personality. The language personality of a politician, in particular Angela Merkel, is considered as an active mechanism for the functioning of institutional discours

Horses for the dead: funerary foodways in Bronze Age Kazakhstan

© 2011 Antiquity PublicationsThe authors examine the role of horses as expressed in assemblages from settlement sites and cemeteries between the Eneolithic and the Bronze Age in Kazakhstan. In this land, known for its rich association with horses, the skeletal evidence appears to indicate a fading of ritual interest. But that's not the whole story, and once again micro-archaeology reveals the true balance. The horses are present at the funeral, but now as meat for the pot, detected in bone fragments and lipids in the pot walls.Natural Environment Research Council (grant NE/B504506) and the British Academy (grants SG-35540 and SG-42656)

Low molecular weight polyethylene glycols as matrix to obtain solid dispersions of sulfanilamide

Objective: The objective of the present study is a determination of optimal ratios of polyethylene glycol:sulfanilamide at which formation of solid dispersion is observed. Also study the effect of the polymer on the limiting solubility of sulfanilamide in water. Methods: Using low-temperature differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), it was made possible to obtain solid dispersions of sulfanilamide with polyethylene glycols having average molecular weight 1000 and 1400. UV-spectroscopy was used to determine the effect of polymer on limiting solubility of sulfanilamide. Results: An optimal polymer:sulfanilamide ratios are 7:1 and 4:1 for PEG-1000 and PEG-1400, respectively. Polymer in a drug composition allows for the increase the sulfanilamide content in water up to 3.0 times as compared with the solution of individual drug. Conclusion: These promising materials can be used for manufacture of drugs in various forms: capsular drugs, ointment and suppositories

A rapid landscape review of postpartum anaemia measurement: challenges and opportunities

BACKGROUND: Anaemia is a reduction in haemoglobin concentration below a threshold, resulting from various factors including severe blood loss during and after childbirth. Symptoms of anaemia include fatigue and weakness, among others, affecting health and quality of life. Anaemic pregnant women have an increased risk of premature delivery, a low-birthweight infant, and postpartum depression. They are also more likely to have anaemia in the postpartum period which can lead to an ongoing condition and affect subsequent pregnancies. In 2019 nearly 37% of pregnant women globally had anaemia, and estimates suggest that 50-80% of postpartum women in low- and middle-income countries have anaemia, but currently there is no standard measurement or classification for postpartum anaemia. METHODS: A rapid landscape review was conducted to identify and characterize postpartum anaemia measurement searching references within three published systematic reviews of anaemia, including studies published between 2012 and 2021. We then conducted a new search for relevant literature from February 2021 to April 2022 in EMBASE and MEDLINE using a similar search strategy as used in the published reviews. RESULTS: In total, we identified 53 relevant studies. The timing of haemoglobin measurement ranged from within the immediate postpartum period to over 6 weeks. The thresholds used to diagnose anaemia in postpartum women varied considerably, with < 120, < 110, < 100 and < 80 g/L the most frequently reported. Other laboratory results frequently reported included ferritin and transferrin receptor. Clinical outcomes reported in 32 out of 53 studies included postpartum depression, quality of life, and fatigue. Haemoglobin measurements were performed in a laboratory, although it is unclear from the studies if venous samples and automatic analysers were used in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: This review demonstrates the need for improving postpartum anaemia measurement given the variability observed in published measures. With the high prevalence of anaemia, the relatively simple treatment for non-severe cases of iron deficiency anaemia, and its importance to public health with multi-generational effects, it is crucial to develop common measures for women in the postpartum period and promote rapid uptake and reporting