Fall Detection System with Accelerometer and Threshold-based Algorithm

Most presently available fall detection systems that are marketed for commercial use predominantly consist of wearable technologies. These technologies often involve a device positioned on the wrist, which may lead to the occurrence of false positive alerts due to the movements of the wrist. This paper proposed a fall detection system that aims to improve both reliability and cost-effectiveness. The system is designed to promptly inform surrounding individuals of their need for assistance in emergency situations. The fall detection system we propose consists of an accelerometer and a gyroscope, which collectively calculate acceleration, orientation, and various other motion characteristics. The resulting system demonstrated a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 85%, and an accuracy of 87.5%

OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF BIODIESEL QUALITY PRODUCED FROM CATTLE FAT USING CaO/Al2O3 AS CATALYST

Biodiesel was produced from cattle fat, In transesterification method usingCaO and Al2O3 ascatalyst. The catalyst was also characterized by XRD pattern, SEM and FTIR analysis. Response Surface Methodology using Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to determine the optimum operating conditions for the biodiesel yield.   The result showed that catalyst CaO/Al2O3 give maximum biodiesel yield of 99.37% with methanol to oil ratio, catalyst dosage and reaction temperature of (10.5:1), (3.5) and (500C) respectively. The fuel parameters of the biodiesel produced and its blend are close to commercially available petrol diesel, indicating that the two could be blended together in order to minimize the environmental effects of the petroleum diesel. The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition of the biodiesels was determined using Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrophotometer (GC-MS). The fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) profile indicates that the dominants compounds in biodiesel are ester compounds. The thermodynamic and kinetics of the biodiesel produced was investigated to check the feasibility, order of the biodiesel. It was found to be non-spontaneous and endergonic. The biodiesel and its blend quality were asses using and it was found out to be low in B100 but high in B20 indicating that the biodiesel produced from waste cattle fat have high quality and can be used for engines

Models for Count Data in the Presence of Outliers and/or Excess Zero

Violations of Poisson assumptions usually result in overdispersion, where the variance of the model exceeds the value of the mean. Excess or (deficiency) of zero counts result in overdispersion. Violations of equidispersion indicate correlation in the data, which affect standard errors of the parameter estimates. Model fit is also affected. (Hilbe 2008). Therefore, this study examined the impact of outliers and excess zero on count data in causing overdispersion. The study focus on identifying model(s) which can handle the impact of outliers and excess zero in count data. Datasets based on Poisson model were simulated for sample sizes 20, 50 and 100 and incorporated with outliers and excess zero. Maximum likelihood estimation method was employed in estimating the parameters. Model selection is based on dispersion index, AIC, BIC and log likelihood statistics, putting into consideration Poisson, Negative Binomial, Zero Inflated Poisson and Zero Inflated Negative Binomial models and results obtained indicates that ZINB is the best models for analyzing count data in the presence of outliers and/or excess zero. Keywords: Count data, Overdispersion, Excess zero, outliers, Goodness of fit, Poisson, Negative Binomial and Zero inflated model

Trajectories of University of Ibadan Undergraduates’ Exposure to Cyber Pornography

Cyber pornography is fast gaining ground in the Nigerian cyber environment with undergraduate students among its major consumers. Against this background, this study investigated the trajectories of University of Ibadan undergraduates’ exposure to cyber pornography. Containment theory was used as a theoretical framework. Data were collected from 250 respondents through surveys and in-depth interviews. Respondents’ selection was achieved through a multistage sampling technique. Findings revealed that browsing for academic materials (37.0%) and Internet surfing (35.0%) were the major online activities predisposing respondents to cyber pornography. The majority of the respondents (78.3%) identified sex videos and nude pictures as the most commonly encountered cyber pornographic materials. Increased sexual urge was the major effect that most of the respondents (39%) attributed to cyber pornography. Undergraduate students need to be constantly counseled by relevant stakeholders on the danger and negative consequences associated with cyber pornography

Response of rice varieties to nitrogen fertilization under irrigation at Talata Mafara, Sudan savanna

A field experiment was conducted during the dry seasons of 2012 and 2013 in Irrigation Research Station, Talata Mafara, Zamfara State, Latitude 12°34ʹ00ʺ N and Longitude 6°04ʹ00ʺ E 488m above sea level in the Sudan savanna agro-ecological zone. The objective of the research was to test the effect of rice varieties to various levels of nitrogen (N) fertilization under irrigation. The experiment was laid out in a Complete Randomize Block Design (CRBD) using split plot arrangement and was replicated three times. Three rice varieties (Faro 44, 45 and 57) were allocated to the main plot and three nitrogen levels (60, 120 and 180 kg N ha-1) were allocated to the sub plot. The gross and net plot sizes were 5 x 4 and 3 x 3 m respectively. Weeds were controlled using Glyphosate as pre-plant, Butachlor as pre-emergence and Orizo plus as post-emergence herbicides and supplemented with hand pulling at 9 WAS. Fertilizer was applied in two split doses. First half was applied at planting using NPK and the remaining half at 6 WAT using Urea (46 % N). Data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significant means were separated using DMRT at 5 % level of probability. The result of the effect of variety on growth parameters showed that Faro 44 recorded higher days to 50 % anthesis but was significantly (p≤0.05) shorter in height than Faro 57. The effect of the treatment on yield parameters showed that Faro 44 recorded higher thrashing percentage, 1000-grain weight and number of grain panicle-1 significantly (p≤0.05) higher than Faro 45 and 57 in all the seasons. Increasing nitrogen levels from 60 kg N ha-1 significantly increased growth and yield parameters. Application of 180 kg N ha-1 on Faro 44 is hereby recommended for rice growing in the ecological zone

Nigerian water resources management – an overview

Effective management of a country’s water resources contributes toward its sustainable development. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of Nigeria’s surface and underground water sources alongside agencies charged with functions covering all facets in water resources development and management. Nigeria consists of three broad agro-ecological zones; the northern Sudan Savannah, the Guinea Savannah and the southern rainforest spread across eight hydrological areas for the purpose of water resources management. The Federal Ministry of Water Resources is responsible for large water resources development projects and water allocation between states; comprising of sixteen (16) parastatals and agencies made up of twelve (12) River Basin Development Authorities (RBDAs), Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency (NIHSA), Nigeria Integrated Water Resources Management Commission (NIWRMC), Gurara Water Management Authority (GWMA), and the National Water Resources Institute (NWRI). The country has four river drainage systems and 264 dams. Recent studies of Nigerian water reserves (surface and groundwater sources) indicated that there are large supplies, and the country has surface and groundwater resources potentials of 267.3BCM and 51.9BCM respectively

PREDICTING STUDENTS«¤?? GRADE SCORES USING TRAINING FUNCTIONS OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK

The observed poor quality of graduates of some Nigerian Universities in recent times has been traced to non-availability of adequate mechanism. This mechanism is expected to assist the policy maker project into the future performance of students, in order to discover at the early stage, students who have no tendency of doing well in school. This study focuses on the use of artificial neural network (ANN) model for predicting students«¤?? academic performance in a University System, based on the previous datasets. The domain used in the study consists of sixty (60) students in the Department of Computer and Information Science, Tai Solarin University of Education in Ogun State, who have completed four academic sessions from the university. The codes were written and executed using MATLAB format. The students«¤?? CGPA from first year through their third year were used as the inputs to train the ANN models constructed using nntool and the Final Grades (CGPA) served as a target output. The output predicted by the networks is expressed in-line with the current grading system of the case study. CGPA values simulated by the network are compared with the actual final CGPA to determine the efficacy of each of the three feed-forward neural networks used. Test data evaluations showed that the ANN model is able to predict correctly, the final grade of students with 91.7% accuracy.ª¤

Pengembangan Media Gambar pada Pembelajaran Kontekstual untuk Meningkatkan Penguasaan Konsep IPA

This research is motivated low value of students in learning science in State Elementary School 25 River Kingdom Kubu Raya district. Contextual learning approach of choice for contextual learning approach (CTL) has several advantages, namely (a) CTL emphasizes student engagement process to find, meaning oriented learning experience directly, (b) encourage the students can find materials studied relationship with real life . The problem in this research is how the design of the implementation of learning, as well as the acquisition of learning to use media images on contextual learning model that can improve mastery of science concepts fourth grade students of State Elementary School 25 River Kingdom Kubu Raya district? This study used a descriptive method,. The data source is a student, teacher, and documents. The research data in the form of learning outcomes, the results of observation, interviews, and Lesson Plan (RPP) is a data collection technique .Teknik observation, direct communication, measurement, and documentaries. The research instrument is the observation sheet, interview guides, and format of assessment of learning outcomes

Optimization of Process Variables in the Biodiesel Production from Lophira lanceolata Seed Oil

Box-Behnken response surface methodology was employed to optimize the process variables in alkalinecatalysed transesterification of Lophira lanceolata seed oil into biodiesel following initial acid-catalysed esterification. The model equation obtained from regression analysis adequately expressed the relationship between the biodiesel yield and the process variables with R2 of 96.05%.The optimization result suggested the best combination of the process variables for optimum biodiesel yield of 85.0% are: reaction temperature (500C); reaction time (120min); amount of methanol (6 cm3/g oil) and catalyst concentration (0.30 mol/dm-3). Validation yield of 83% compares favorably with the predicted value, showing model reliability in describing the transesterification process. Results of GC-MS analysis of the biodiesel revealed it mainly consists of methyl esters of octadecenoic acid (69.5%), palmitic acid (9.4%) and hexacosanoic acid (5.6%). The biodiesel was very fluid 2.70±0.12 mm/s2 with most of it fuel properties in conformity with ASTM standards making it suitable as fuel for diesel engines.Keywords: Optimization, Lophira lanceolata, transesterification, Biodiesel, Behnken design