Wykorzystanie technik informatycznych w indukcyjnym nagrzewaniu obracającego się walca stalowego

W artykule przedstawiono prototypowe, wyposażone w automatyczny system pomiaru i regulacji temperatury, stanowisko nagrzewania indukcyjnego obracającego się walca stalowego. Opisano wybrane aspekty pomiaru temperatury jego powierzchni: metodę eliminacji wahań emisyjności powierzchnia walca i korekcji jego niskiej wartości oraz automatyczny system stabilizacji mocy dostarczanej do walca. W celu zastosowana precyzyjnej regulacji temperatury powierzchni walca wyznaczono szereg modeli oddających jego właściwości dynamiczne: model numeryczny oraz model w przestrzeni stanów wchodzące między innymi w skład systemu regulacji optymalnej temperatury powierzchni walca. Zaproponowano algorytmy poruszania się jednego lub kilku wzbudników oraz ich wpływ na zmniejszenie różnic temperatury wzdłuż tworzącej walca. Przedstawiono plany modernizacji automatycznego systemu pomiaru i regulacji temperatury powierzchni walca.The paper presents the prototype stand of induction heating of a rotating steel cylinder, equipped with automatic system for temperature measurement and control. Chosen aspects of its temperature surface measurement have been described. Based on the optimization methods the elimination of fluctuations and low value of cylinder surface emissivity have been proposed. The paper presents also the automatic system stabilizing the power delivered to the cylinder, eliminating its nonstationarity. In order to identify dynamic properties of the cylinder-inductors system, several mathematical models describing its reaction to typical excitation signals have been proposed. The most important of them are: the numerical model and the state space model which are included in the optimal temperature control system of cylinder surface. The analysis of non-uniformity of temperature distribution along the cylinder axis for fixed inductors - cylinder position have been presented. Algorithms for moving one or more inductors and their influence on reducing the temperature differences along a cylinder have been described. The future plans on modernization of the automated system for measurement and control of the surface temperature of the cylinder have also been presented

Prediction of sustained harmonic walking in the free-living environment using raw accelerometry data

Objective. Using raw, sub-second level, accelerometry data, we propose and validate a method for identifying and characterizing walking in the free-living environment. We focus on the sustained harmonic walking (SHW), which we define as walking for at least 10 seconds with low variability of step frequency. Approach. We utilize the harmonic nature of SHW and quantify local periodicity of the tri-axial raw accelerometry data. We also estimate fundamental frequency of observed signals and link it to the instantaneous walking (step-to-step) frequency (IWF). Next, we report total time spent in SHW, number and durations of SHW bouts, time of the day when SHW occurred and IWF for 49 healthy, elderly individuals. Main results. Sensitivity of the proposed classification method was found to be 97%, while specificity ranged between 87% and 97% and prediction accuracy between 94% and 97%. We report total time in SHW between 140 and 10 minutes-per-day distributed between 340 and 50 bouts. We estimate the average IWF to be 1.7 steps-per-second. Significance. We propose a simple approach for detection of SHW and estimation of IWF, based on Fourier decomposition. The resulting approach is fast and allows processing of a week-long raw accelerometry data (approx. 150 million measurements) in relatively short time (~half an hour) on a common laptop computer (2.8 GHz Intel Core i7, 16 GB DDR3 RAM)

Protection of national heritage in the light of the applicable law and the actions provided in this area by police in Poland

The issue of national heritage is an inseparable element of the existence of every nation. The article presents the legal regulations aimed at the protection of cultural heritage in Poland, as well as statistical data relating to crime in this area. The solutions adopted by the Polish police in the field of the identifying and combating of crime against cultural property and national heritage are also described. Furthermore, the article highlights the most serious crime against the national heritage that has occurred in Poland in recent years. The subject article was prepared on the basis of the analysis of literature, existing legislation and two interviews with Polish police officers

The Predictive Performance of Objective Measures of Physical Activity Derived From Accelerometry Data For 5-Year All-Cause Mortality in Older Adults: National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2003-2006

Background: Declining physical activity (PA) is a hallmark of aging. Wearable technology provides reliable measures of the frequency, duration, intensity, and timing of PA. Accelerometry-derived measures of PA are compared to established predictors of 5-year all-cause mortality in older adults in terms of individual, relative, and combined predictive performance. Methods: Participants between 50 and 85 years old from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES, n = 2978) wore a hip-worn accelerometer in the free-living environment for up to 7 days. A total of 33 predictors of 5-year all-cause mortality (number of events = 297), including 20 measures of objective PA, were compared using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: In univariate logistic regression, the total activity count was the best predictor of 5-year mortality (AUC = 0.771) followed by age (AUC = 0.758). Overall, 9 of the top 10 predictors were objective PA measures (AUC from 0.771 to 0.692). In multivariate regression, the 10-fold cross-validated AUC was 0.798 for the model without objective PA variables (9 predictors) and 0.838 for the forward selection model with objective PA variables (13 predictors). The Net Reclassification Index (NRI) was substantially improved by adding objective PA variables (p \u3c .001). Conclusions: Objective accelerometry-derived PA measures outperform traditional predictors of five-year mortality, including age. This highlights the importance of wearable technology for providing reproducible, unbiased, and prognostic biomarkers of health

Stride variability measures derived from wrist- and hip-worn accelerometers

Many epidemiological and clinical studies use accelerometry to objectively measure physical activity using the activity counts, vector magnitude, or number of steps. These measures use just a fraction of the information in the raw accelerometry data as they are typically summarized at the minute level. To address this problem we define and estimate two gait measures of temporal stride-to-stride variability based on raw accelerometry data: Amplitude Deviation (AD) and Phase Deviation (PD). We explore the sensitivity of our approach to on-body placement of the accelerometer by comparing hip, left and right wrist placements. We illustrate the approach by estimating AD and PD in 46 elderly participants in the Developmental Epidemiologic Cohort Study (DECOS) who worn accelerometers during a 400 meter walk test. We also show that AD and PD have a statistically significant association with the gait speed and sit-to-stand test performanc

Scalar on time-by-distribution regression and its application for modelling associations between daily-living physical activity and cognitive functions in Alzheimer's Disease

Wearable data is a rich source of information that can provide deeper understanding of links between human behaviours and human health. Existing modelling approaches use wearable data summarized at subject level via scalar summaries using regression techniques, temporal (time-of-day) curves using functional data analysis (FDA), and distributions using distributional data analysis (DDA). We propose to capture temporally local distributional information in wearable data using subject-specific time-by-distribution (TD) data objects. Specifically, we propose scalar on time-by-distribution regression (SOTDR) to model associations between scalar response of interest such as health outcomes or disease status and TD predictors. We show that TD data objects can be parsimoniously represented via a collection of time-varying L-moments that capture distributional changes over the time-of-day. The proposed method is applied to the accelerometry study of mild Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mild AD is found to be significantly associated with reduced maximal level of physical activity, particularly during morning hours. It is also demonstrated that TD predictors attain much stronger associations with clinical cognitive scales of attention, verbal memory, and executive function when compared to predictors summarized via scalar total activity counts, temporal functional curves, and quantile functions. Taken together, the present results suggest that the SOTDR analysis provides novel insights into cognitive function and AD

Krytyczne niedokrwienie kończyn dolnych. Niedokrwienna rana przewlekła stopy u chorych bez cukrzycy — zalecenia leczniczo-pielęgnacyjne. Część II

Authors presented management of a chronic foot wound in non-diabetic patients with peripheral atherosclerosis who have chronic and critical lower limb ischemia. Management of these patients is typically different from the one recommended in diabetic patients. In available literature, an issue of the chronic wound/necrosis of the foot in usually addressed in the context of diabetic complications and “diabetic foot” in particular. Authors proposed different approaches to management, dividing patients into groups based on severity of the condition and ABI value. Special focus of the authors was on basic nursing care which, one might think, is an obvious and well-known element of the treatment. Negligence in that area may still lead to limb amputation in some patients.Autorzy przedstawiają metodę postępowania z pacjentem z raną przewlekłą stopy u chorych na miażdżycę obwodową z przewlekłym niedokrwieniem kończyn dolnych (PNKD) oraz krytycznym niedokrwieniem kończyn dolnych (KNKD), nieobciążonych cukrzycą. Zalecenia lecznicze u wyżej wymienionych pacjentów są zwykle odmienne od zaleceń dla chorych na cukrzycę. W dostępnym piśmiennictwie problem rany przewlekłej/martwicy stopy poruszany jest w kontekście powikłań cukrzycy, szczególnie stopy cukrzycowej. Autorzy zaproponowali sposób postępowania, uzależniając go od stopnia zaawansowania choroby, kierując się w podziale na poszczególne grupy oznaczeniem wskaźnika ABI. Autorzy zwrócili szczególną uwagę na podstawową opiekę pielęgniarską — wydawać by się mogło, rzecz ogólnie znaną i poznaną. Zaniedbania po stronie opieki pielęgniarskiej u części chorych mogą prowadzić do konieczności wykonania zabiegów amputacji kończyny