11 research outputs found

    Percentage of LFA-1+ and ICAM-1+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes does not distinguish patients with vascular complications.

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    There are only few studies evaluating lymphocytes activation in the diabetic vascular complications. ICAM-1/LFA-1 adhesion molecules not only participate in the lymphocyte T proliferation but also mediate leukocyte migration to the site of inflammation. We assess a relationship between the percentage of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 expressing PBMCs and the evolution of vascular complications in T1D in children and adolescents. The study was carried out on 60 children and adolescents with T1D (aged 9-20): (a) T1D lasting 5 years (n=20), without complications c) T1D lasting >5 years complicated with microalbuminuria, arterial hypertension, diabetic retinopathy (20 n). 20 healthy volunteers, age and sex matched constituted the control group. The expression of adhesion molecules was evaluated by using three-color flow cytometry. In children and adolescents with T1

    Relationship between asymmetric dimethylarginine, homocysteine and insulin resistance in adolescents with metabolic syndrome

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    WST臉P. W ostatnich latach rozwa偶a si臋 znaczenie asymetrycznej dimetyloargininy (ADMA) jako nowego czynnika ryzyka mia偶d偶ycy, dysfunkcji 艣r贸db艂onka oraz insulinooporno艣ci. W metabolizmie ADMA istotn膮 rol臋 mo偶e odgrywa膰 homocysteina (Hcy, homocysteine). Zwi臋kszone st臋偶enie ADMA wp艂ywa na zmniejszenie biodost臋pno艣ci tlenku azotu (NO) przez hamowanie syntazy NO - eNOS. Celem pracy by艂a pr贸ba poszukiwania zale偶no艣ci mi臋dzy ADMA, Hcy oraz NO u m艂odzie偶y z zespo艂em metabolicznym (MS, metabolic syndrome) . MATERIA艁 I METODY. Do bada艅 zakwalifikowano 21 pacjent贸w z rozpoznanym MS, w wieku 艣rednim 14,8 roku. Schorzenie rozpoznawano na podstawie kryteri贸w wed艂ug 艢wiatowej Organizacji Zdrowia (WHO, World Health Organization) i Adult Treatment Panel III (III ATP). Grup臋 kontroln膮 stanowi艂o 26 zdrowych nastolatk贸w w 艣rednim wieku 14,6 roku. St臋偶enie ADMA, Hcy oraz NO (za pomoc膮 pochodnych NOx) oznaczono metodami immunoenzymatycznymi ELISA. Ocen臋 st臋偶enia wysokoczu艂ego bia艂ka C-reaktywnego (hs-CRP, high sensitivity C-reactive protein) dokonano za pomoc膮 metody immunoturbidymetrycznej, z u偶yciem odczynnika Tina-quant CRP (Latex) HS, firmy Roche. WYNIKI. U dzieci z MS stwierdzono istotnie wy偶sze st臋偶enie ADMA (0,69 v. 0,46 &#956;mol/l; p < 0,001), Hcy (12,1 v. 9,4 &#956;mol/l; p = 0,003) oraz hs-CRP (0,22 v. 0,11 mg/dl; p = 0,01) w por贸wnaniu z grup膮 kontroln膮. St臋偶enie NOx by艂o podobne w obu grupach (46,2 v. 44,8 &#956;mol/l, ns). W analizie wykazano korelacj臋 ADMA z hs-CRP (r = 0,42; p = 0,003), Hcy (r = 0,48; p = 0,01). Wska藕nik masy cia艂a (BMI, body mass index) (r = 0,44; p = 0,02), ci艣nieniem skurczowym, rozkurczowym oraz wska藕nikiem insulinooporno艣ci HOMA (r = 0,31; p = 0,04). Dla NOx nie wykazano 偶adnych istotnych zale偶no艣ci. WNIOSKI. 1. Zespo艂owi metabolicznemu stwierdzanemu u nastolatk贸w towarzyszy zwi臋kszone st臋偶enie ADMA, Hcy i hsCRP. 2. Stwierdzone korelacje mi臋dzy st臋偶eniami ADMA, Hcy i hsCRP oraz wska藕nikiem HOMA sugeruj膮 obecno艣膰 wsp贸lnego patomechanizmu zwi臋kszonego st臋偶enia tych substancji i insulinooporno艣ci.INTRODUCTION. The latest research studies consider asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) as a new atherosclerosis risk factor and factor for endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance. Homocysteine (Hcy) may play significant role in ADMA metabolism Elevated ADMA results in impaired bioavailibility of nitric oxide (NO) via inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). The aim of the study was to search the possible relationship between ADMA, Hcy and NO in teenagers with metabolic syndrome (MS). MATERIAL AND METHODS. We recruited 21 patients with MS, aged 14,8 years. Metabolic syndrome was recognized based on the WHO and ATP III criteria. Control group consisted of 26 healthy adolescents aged 14,6 years. ADMA, Hcy and NO (as NOx) concentrations were measured with immunoenzymatic (ELISA) methods. hsCRP was assessed with use of immunoturbidymetric method. RESULTS. In adolescents with MS we showed significantly elevated ADMA (0.69 v. 0.46 &#956;mol/l; p < 0.001), Hcy (12.1 v. 9.4 &#956;mol/l; p = 0.003) and hs-CRP (0.22 v. 0.11 mg/dl; p = 0.01) compared with control group. NOx concentration was similar to the control group (46.2 v. 44.8 &#956;mol/l, ns). We found significant correlations between ADMA and hs-CRP (r = 0.42; p = 0.003), Hcy (r = 0.48; p = 0.01), BMI (r = 0.44; p = 0.02), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and insulin resistance (HOMA) (r = 0.31; p = 0.04). NOx did not correlate significantly with any of the study parameters. CONCLUSIONS. 1. In teenagers with MS we showed elevated levels of ADMA, Hcy and hs-CRP. 2. Correlations between ADMA, Hcy, hs-CRP and HOMA suggest existence of common pathomechanism of increased concentrations of these substances with insulin resistance

    Analiza ekspresji cz膮steczek Fas, FasL oraz kaspazy 8 w tkance gruczo艂u tarczowego u m艂odych pacjent贸w z chorobami immunologicznymi i nieimmunologicznymi gruczo艂u tarczowego

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    Introduction: Apoptosis, programmed cell death is a regulating mechanism enabling the removal of superabundantly produced and unnecessary at the certain moment cells. Disturbances of the apoptosis regulation contribute to the pathogenesis of many diseases, including autoimmune thyroid disorders. The aim of this study was to estimate expression of proapoptotic Fas/FasL and caspase-8 in thyroid tissues in patients with Graves&#8217; disease (GD), non-toxic nodular goiter (NTNG) and Hashimoto&#8217;s thyroiditis (HT). Material and methods: Inclusion criteria of Graves&#8217; patients were: large goiter, ophthalmopathy, TRAb > 5 U/L, positive titre of anti-TPO and anti-TG antibodies and concentration of TSH < 0.45 mIU/mL for more the 2&#8211;3 months from an onset of the disease. Isolated thyrocytes were identified by indirect method: in the first stage mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) anti-TPO were bound to rabbit anti-mouse antibodies IgG (Fab&#8217;)2 labeled FITC. To obtained cellular suspension mAbs directed against apoptotic Fas/FasL molecules labeled with PE (Phycoerythrin) was added. All investigations were performed onCoulter EPICS XL flow cytometer. Detection of apoptotic proteins was confirmed by Western Blot and immunohistochemistry methods using mAbs in DAB chromogene visuality and marked by Mayer&#8217;s haematoxylin. Evaluation of caspase-8 expression in thyroid follicular cells was performed by Western Blot test. Results: The analysis of Fas and FasL expression on surface of thyroid follicular cells was higher in patients with Hashimoto&#8217;s thyroiditis (38%, 26%) in comparison with patients with Graves&#8217; disease (18%, 14%). In case of patients with Hashimoto&#8217;s thyroiditis significantly lowerpercentage of thyroid tissue infiltrating immune Fas+ (13%) and FasL+ (22%) T cells in comparison with Graves&#8217; patients (33%, 43% respectively) was observed . Identification of proapoptotic Fas and FasL molecules in the thyroid follicular cells revealed higher expression of both proteins in patients with GD (++,++) and HT (+++; +++, respectively) in comparison with NTNG patients (+/0; +/0). Caspase-8 expression was detected in band 55 kDa using Western Blot test in patients with thyroid autoimmune diseases. Conclusions: We conclude that alteration in the expression of proapoptotic proteins in thyroid follicular cells may play a role in pathogenesis of thyroid autoimmune disorders. In addition, suppression of apoptosis in Graves&#8217; disease led to increased proliferation of thyroid follicular cells which is responsible for goiter formation. (Pol J Endocrinol 2007; 58 (4): 303-313)Wst臋p: Apoptoza to programowe obumieranie kom贸rki. Jest to mechanizm regulacyjny pozwalaj膮cy na usuni臋cie wytworzonych w nadmiarze i niepotrzebnych w danej chwili kom贸rek. Zaburzenia w procesie apoptozy mog膮 uczestniczy膰 w rozwoju schorze艅 autoimmunologicznych tarczycy. Celem pracy by艂a ocena ekspresji cz膮steczek Fas/FasL i kaspazy 8 w tkance gruczo艂u tarczowego u pacjent贸w z chorob膮 Gravesa-Basedowa (GB, Graves' disease), wolem guzkowym nietoksycznym (NTNG, non-toxic nodular goiter) oraz zapaleniem tarczycy typu Hashimoto (HT, Hashimoto's thyroiditis). Materia艂 i metody: Do kryteri贸w kwalifikacji pacjent贸w z chorob膮 GB nale偶膮: wole II掳, obecno艣膰 oftalmopatii, przeciwcia艂a przeciw receptorom TSH (TRAb, anti-TSH receptor antibodies) wy偶sze ni偶 5 j./l, dodatnie st臋偶enia przeciwcia艂 anty-TPO i anty-TG oraz utrzymuj膮ce si臋 ponad 2-3 miesi膮ce od pocz膮tku rozpoznania st臋偶enie hormonu tyreotropowego (TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone) ni偶sze ni偶 0,45 mmj./ml. Wyizolowane tyreocyty znakowano metod膮 po艣redni膮: pocz膮tkowo kom贸rki 艂膮czono z przeciwcia艂ami monoklonalnymi mysimi anty-TPO, nast臋pnie z przeciwcia艂ami kr贸liczymi IgG (Fab&#8217;)2 anty-mysimi znakowanymi izotiocytrynianem fluoresceiny (FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate). Do tak uzyskanej zawiesiny kom贸rkowej podawano przeciwcia艂a monoklonalne anty-Fas i anty-FasL znakowane PE (Phycoerythrin). Odczytu dokonywano w cytometrze przep艂ywowym (Coulter EPICS XL). Analiz臋 ekspresji Fas/FasL uzupe艂niono badaniami Western Blot i immunohistochemicznym z wizualizacj膮 DAB-em i barwieniem hematoksylin膮 Mayera. Oznaczenie ekspresji kaspazy 8 w kom贸rkach p臋cherzykowych tarczycy przeprowadzono za pomoc膮 metody Western Blot. Wyniki: W analizie ekspresji moleku艂 apoptozy Fas oraz FasL na powierzchni kom贸rek tarczycy wykazano jej istotnie wy偶szy odsetek u pacjent贸w z zapaleniem tarczycy typu Hashimoto (HT, Hashimoto's thyroiditis) (ok. 38%, 26%) w por贸wnaniu z pacjentami z chorob膮 Gravesa-Basedowa (18%, 14%). U pacjent贸w z HT wykazano znacznie ni偶szy odsetek limfocyt贸w nap艂ywaj膮cych do gruczo艂u tarczowego z ekspresj膮 moleku艂 Fas (13%) i FasL (22%) w por贸wnaniu z grup膮 os贸b z chorob膮 GB (odpowiednio: 33%, 43%). W identyfikacji bia艂ek proapoptotycznych FasL i Fas stwierdzono znamienn膮 ich ekspresj臋 w kom贸rkach tarczycy u pacjent贸w z chorob膮 GB (++; ++) i HT (+++, +++) w por贸wnaniu z ekspresj膮 w grupie os贸b z NTNG (0/+; 0/+). W analizie ekspresji kaspazy 8 w badanych grupach wykazano jej obecno艣膰 u pacjent贸w ze schorzeniami autoimmunologicznymi tarczycy w pr膮偶ku p55 (kDa) za pomoc膮 metody Western Blot.Wnioski: Podsumowuj膮c, mo偶na stwierdzi膰, 偶e przewaga ekspresji marker贸w proapoptotycznych w kom贸rkach p臋cherzykowych tarczycy w zapaleniu Hashimoto mo偶e 艣wiadczy膰 o wzro艣cie eliminacji tych kom贸rek i w konsekwencji wytworzeniu niedoczynno艣ci tarczycy. Odmienna sytuacja ma miejsce w chorobie GB, gdzie mniejsza aktywno艣膰 apoptozy i tym samym przewaga proliferacji nad eliminacj膮 kom贸rek tarczycy w rezultacie prowadzi do rozwoju wola

    Polish food industry 2008-2013

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    The aim of the study is to evaluate the functioning of the food industry and its various sectors in 2008-2013. Meat and poultry industry. Dairy industry. Fishing industry. Milling industry. Sugar industry. Oil-mill industry. Processing of fruit, vegetables and potatoes. Bakery industry. Confectionery industry. Feed industry. Production of other food products. Production of alcoholic beverages.Tobacco industry. Food industry

    ARTYKU艁 ORYGINALNYZmienno艣膰 rytmu serca i masa lewej komory serca u szczup艂ych dzieci i m艂odzie偶y z nadci艣nieniem t臋tniczym

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    Introduction: Uncontrolled arterial hypertension brings direct and long-term sequelae in adult age, such as stroke, ischaemic heart disease with myocardial infarction, left ventricular hypertrophy or cardiac arrhythmia. Aim: To assess heart rate variability (HRV) spectral parameters and left ventricular mass in slim children with arterial hypertension, and to search for correlations between these two parameters. Methods: 35 children aged 14.4&#177;3.1 with idiopathic untreated arterial hypertension were enrolled. The control group included 30 age- and gender-matched healthy children (aged 14.1&#177;2.9 years). In all analysed subjects an analysis of HRV parameters (high frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF) components) during 10-minute waking state and sleeping time was performed and left ventricular mass (LVM) as well as the left ventricular mass index (LVMI, g/m2,7) were assessed based on echocardiographic measurements. Results: There was no difference in LF during the waking state and sleep HF between the two groups, whereas HF values during the waking state were significantly lower (pWst臋p: Niekontrolowane nadci艣nienie t臋tnicze (NT) niesie za sob膮 w wieku doros艂ym bezpo艣rednie i odleg艂e konsekwencje, jak udar m贸zgu, choroba niedokrwienna z zawa艂em serca, przerost lewej komory serca czy zaburzenia rytmu. Cel: Ocena parametr贸w spektralnych zmienno艣ci rytmu serca oraz masy lewej komory serca u szczup艂ych dzieci z nadci艣nieniem t臋tniczym oraz analiza wzajemnego zwi膮zku pomi臋dzy tymi parametrami. Metodyka: Badaniem obj臋to 35 dzieci w wieku 14,4&#177;3,1 lat, dotychczas nieleczonych, ze stwierdzonym samoistnym nadci艣nieniem t臋tniczym. Grup臋 kontroln膮 stanowi艂o 30 zdrowych, dobranych wzgl臋dem wieku i p艂ci, dzieci (wiek 14,1&#177;2,9 lat). U wszystkich badanych wykonano 10-minutow膮 analiz臋 zmienno艣ci rytmu serca (wysokie &#8211; HF, niskie cz臋stotliwo艣ci &#8211; LF oraz wska藕nik LF/HF) w trakcie czuwania oraz w czasie snu oraz echokardiograficznie oceniono mas臋 (LVM) oraz indeks masy lewej komory serca (LVMI, g/m2.7). Wyniki: Warto艣ci LF z okresu czuwania oraz HF z okresu snu nie r贸偶ni艂y si臋 istotnie pomi臋dzy badanymi grupami, natomiast w trakcie czuwania warto艣ci HF by艂y istotnie ni偶sze u dzieci z NT (

    Endothelin-1 plasma concentration in children and adolescents with atherogenic risk factors

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    Background: Endothelial injury is the main stimulus for endothelin-1 (ET-1) secretion - a strong vasoconstricting agent. The role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of hypertension and atherosclerosis which already develops in childhood, has been recently underlined.Aim: To asses plasma ET-1 concentration in children and adolescents with such atherogenic risk factors as hypertension, obesity or diabetes.Methods: The study group consisted of 105 children and adolescents in the mean age of 15.3&#177;2.4 years who were divided into 5 groups: (1) hypertension, (2) obesity and hypertension, (3) obesity, (4) diabetes and (5) diabetes with hypertension. The control group was composed of 32 healthy subjects of appropriate weight, aged 14.7&#177;2.9 years. Plasma concentration of ET-1 was measured using the enzymatic method ELISA (R&D Systems).Results: ET-1 plasma concentration was significantly higher in the whole study group than in controls (0.71 vs 0.40 pg/mL;

    Diminished expression of ICOS, GITR and CTLA-4 at the mRNA level in T regulatory cells of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes

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    Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. T regulatory cells (Tregs) modulate response to autoantigens and probably play a role in pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1DM). The aim of the present study was the assessment of T regulatory cells including their percentages and expression of critical genes in these cells in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The examined group consisted of 50 children with T1DM. A flow cytometric analysis of T-cell subpopulations was performed using the following markers: anti-CD4, anti-CD25 and anti-CD127 (=IL-7R). Additionally, T regulatory cells were isolated for assessment of mRNA levels for chosen genes with the real-time RT-PCR technique. The percentages of CD4+CD25highCD127dim/- were very low and did not differ between T1DM and control children. We did not observe any statistically significant differences between healthy and diabetic children in mRNA expression for FoxP3, IL-7R (CD127), IL-8RA, IL-10RA, IL-12A, IL-2RA (CD25), IL-21, STAT1, STAT3, SOCS2, SOCS3, TGF-尾1-R1, TGF-尾-R2 and TBX-21 genes. Interestingly the mRNA level for CTLA-4, ICOS1, IL-23, IL-27, SMAD3 and GITR were lower in Treg cells of children with diabetes compared to the control patients. No disturbances in the percentages of T regulatory cells in patients with diabetes but diminished expression of some elements important in Treg function could be the result of an immunologic imbalance accompanying the onset of the diabetes. The results of our study should be used in future research in the field of immunotherapy in pediatric diabetes
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