Clinical Efficacy of Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) For Detail Analysis of Daily Meal and Blood Glucose

Background: Background: Regarding nutritional therapy for obesity and diabetes, low carbohydrate diet (LCD) has been effective. Case presentation: The case is 61-year-old male with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). He has been an athlete for long, and exercised much in hot climate during Mar-Sept, 2021. He often drank much amount of oral rehydration solution (ORS) and sports drink solution (SDS). In late Sept, he felt strong fatigue, weight loss, thirsty, and visited a clinic. He was diagnosed to have severe T2DM with HbA1c 14.0%. Results: He started to take super-LCD and to take pictures of all meals every day. He can continue them perfectly and HbA1c decreased to 10.7% in October and 7.8% in November. He has checked pre-prandial and post-prandial blood glucose, ranging almost 120-200 mg/dL due to LCD continuation. Daily carbohydrate intake amounts were checked, which were 87g, 137g, 81g and 136g. Discussion and Conclusion: His intake of ORS and SDS seemed to be adequate judging from their difference. The clinical course was successful, that was probably due to satisfactory lifestyle, continuing LCD and recording diet method, accumulating picture data of all meal, calculating carbohydrate and calorie intake every day. This case become a significant reference

Exacerbation of Diabetic Control by Large Amount of Sports Drink in Baseball Athlete with Detail Investigation

Authors have continued clinical practice and research of low carbohydrate diet (LCD). The case is 62-year-old men with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). For social/sport history, he worked as an administration manager of a large hospital and has been baseball player during 15-62 years old. Regarding medical history, he was on LCD with 96kg and HbA1c 6.0% in 2020. He participated many ballgames March-September 2021. He took oral rehydration solution (ORS) (Pokari Sweat, Otsuka Pharmaceutical) 1000ml/day during Mar-June in rather mild climate, and sports drink solution (SDS) (Body Mainte, Otsuka Pharmaceutical) 2000-3000ml/day during Jul-Sept in severe hot weather. He developed thirsty, polydipsia, polyuria, and fatigue and weight loss in Sept and HbA1c was 14.0%. Treatments started immediately by super-LCD, in which taken food in three meals a day was completely taken pictures by recording diet method. The analyzed carbohydrate amount was 40-90g per day, and LCD meal was effective. Just after LCD was started, blood glucose was normalized soon. HbA1c values were decreased to 10.3% in October and 7.8% in November. Consequently, this case had successful and satisfactory clinical improvement by LCD. Some discussion was described concerning LCD, hydration, ORS, SDS, adequate relationship with sports and so on

Optical evidence for heavy charge carriers in FeGe

The optical spectrum of the cubic helimagnetic metal FeGe has been investigated in the frequency range from 0.01 - 3.1 eV for different temperatures from 30 K to 296 K. The optical conductivity shows the evolution of a low energy (0.22 eV) interband transition and the development of a narrow free carrier response with a strong energy and temperature dependence. The frequency dependent effective mass and scattering rate derived from the optical data indicate the formation of dressed quasi-particles with a mass renormalization factor of 12. Similar to FeSi the spectral weight in FeGe is not recovered over a broad frequency range, an effect usually attributed to the influence of the on-site Coulomb interaction.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure

Optical conductivity of filled skutterudites

A simple tight-binding model is constructed for the description of the electronic structure of some Ce-based filled skutterudite compounds showing an energy gap or pseudogap behavior. Assuming band-diagonal electron interactions on this tight-binding model, the optical conductivity spectrum is calculated by applying the second-order self-consistent perturbation theory to treat the electron correlation. The correlation effect is found to be of great importance on the description of the temperature dependence of the optical conductivity. The rapid disappearance of an optical gap with increasing temperature is obtained as observed in the optical experiment for Ce-based filled-skutterudite compounds.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, use jpsj2.cls, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol.73, No.10 (2004

Calculation of Optical Conductivity of YbB12_{12} using Realistic Tight-Binding Model

Based on the previously reported tight-binding model fitted to the LDA+U band calculation, optical conductivity of the prototypical Kondo insulator YbB$_{12}$ is calculated theoretically. Many-body effects are taken into account by the self-consistent second order perturbation theory. The gross shape of the optical conductivity observed in experiments are well described by the present calculation, including their temperature-dependences.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, use jpsj2.cls, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol.73, No.10 (2004

Correlation Effects on Optical Conductivity of FeSi

Effects of electron correlation in FeSi are studied in terms of the two-band Hubbard model with the density of states obtained from the band calculation. Using the self-consistent second-order perturbation theory combined with the local approximation, the correlation effects are investigated on the density of states and the optical conductivity spectrum, which are found to reproduce the experiments done by Damascelli et al. semiquantitatively. It is also found that the peak at the gap edge shifts to lower energy region by correlation effects, as is seen in the experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Formation Mechanism of Hybridization Gap in Kondo Insulators based on a Realistic Band Model and Application to YbB12_{12}

A new LDA+U band calculation is performed on the Kondo insulator material YbB$_{12}$ and an energy gap of about 0.001Ryd is obtained. Based on this, a simple tight-binding model with 5d$\epsilon$ and 4f $\Gamma_8$ orbitals on Yb atoms and the nearest neighbor $\sigma$-bonds between them is constructed with a good agreement to the above the LDA+U calculation near the gap. The density of states is also calculated and the shape is found to be very asymmetric with respect to the gap. A formation mechanism of the gap is clarified for the first time in a realistic situation with the orbital degeneracies in both conduction bands and the f states. This model can be a useful starting point for incorporating the strong correlation effect, and for understanding all the thermal, thermoelectric, transport and magnetic properties of YbB$_{12}$.Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 72 No. 5 (2003

Thermal and Dynamical Properties of the Two-band Hubbard Model Compared with FeSi

We study the two-band Hubbard model introduced by Fu and Doniach as a model for FeSi which is suggested to be a Kondo insulator. Using the self-consistent second-order perturbation theory combined with the local approximation which becomes exact in the limit of infinite dimensions, we calculate the specific heat, the spin susceptibility and the dynamical conductivity and point out that the reduction of the energy gap due to correlation is not significant in contrast to the previous calculation. It is also demonstrated that the gap at low temperatures in the optical conductivity is filled up at a rather low temperature than the gap size, which is consistent with the experiment.Comment: 6 pages, LaTeX, 7 PS figures included, uses RevTe

Roxithromycin Specifically Inhibits Development of Collagen Induced Arthritis and Production of Proinflammatory Cytokines by Human T Cells and Macrophages

ABSTRACT. Objective. Roxithromycin (RXM) is a macrolide antibiotic that is effective in treatment of chronic lower respiratory tract diseases including diffuse panbronchiolitis and bronchial asthma. Its mechanism of action apart from its antibacterial action remains unclear. To determine the mechanism of action of RXM, we evaluated the effect of RXM on T cell functions and the inflammatory responses in mice with collagen induced arthritis (CIA). Methods. T cell proliferation, cytokine production by T cells stimulated through CD28, CD26, or PMA with or without anti-CD3 Mab, cytokine production by macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide, and transendothelial migration of T cells were analyzed in the presence or absence of various concentrations of RXM. We evaluated the effect of RXM treatment in collagen induced arthritis in mice. Results. RXM did not affect the production of Th1-type and Th2-type cytokines, whereas it specifically inhibited production of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 6 (IL-6) by T cells and macrophages. RXM inhibited T cell migration. We found that RXM treatment of mice with CIA reduced the severity of arthritis and serum level of IL-6, as well as leukocyte migration into the affected joints and destruction of bones and cartilage. Conclusion. Our findings strongly suggest that RXM may be useful for the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis as well as other inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease. (J Rheumatol 2005; 32:1765-74

In vivo dopamine-D2 and serotonin-5-HT2 receptor binding study of risperidone and haloperidol

金沢大学疾患モデル総合研究センターAn in vivo receptor binding technique was applied to evaluate the affinities of risperidone and haloperidol for dopamine-D2 receptors (D2) and serotonin-5-HT2 receptors (5-HT2) in rat brain with [3H]YM-09151-2 and [3H]ketanserin as selective ligands. Radioactivities were obtained in the striatum, frontal cortex, and cerebellum of the rats treated with the ligands. Time course study of receptor occupancy at 25 to 250 min after single doses of the drugs (1 mg/kg, IP) showed higher 5-HT2 occupancy in the frontal cortex and lower D2 occupancy in the striatum by risperidone than by haloperidol. Dose-response analysis of receptor occupancy revealed risperidone demonstrated higher binding affinity for 5-HT2 than for D2, while the reverse was observed with haloperidol. It appeared that risperidone (1 mg/kg, IP), but not haloperidol (1 mg/kg, IP), demonstrated regional selectivity in D2 occupancy favouring frontal cortex more than the striatum. That risperidone displayed a higher ratio of 5-HT2 to D2 in occupancy than haloperidol is in agreement with the previous findings obtained in vitro. © 1994