Ensemble Concerts

Concert performed at UNT Murchison Performing Arts Center, Winspear Hall

Maximal oxygen uptake in estonian young cross-country skiers: a longitudinal study

Longitudinal studies have shown that VO2max increases the most as the outcome of training in the age between 15-25 (Rusko, 2003). Meanwhile, it is not clear how much this increase is connected to training or other development values. The aim of the present study was to analyze maximal oxygen uptake longitudinally among 15-19 year old cross-country skiers and its relations with training characteristics. Methods: determination of anthropometrical data (height, weight, BMI) and aerobic capacity (VO2max) in the age period from 15 to 19 years during 5 years in 58 skiers (41 males and 17 females). Results: The dynamics of relative VO2peak (ml / kg / min) were not signifi cant in comparison across all age groups in young male skiers. A signifi cant positive trend of VO2peak (l / min; ml / kg / min) was found in young female skiers in the 17-year-old age group compared with the previous age group. Signifi cant relationship was detected between change of training volume and change of VO2peak / kg (difference between the age of 15 and 19 years among male young skiers) (r = 0.475, p = 0.002). In conclusion, our study showed a moderate increase in VO2peak during the age period of 15 to 19 years, whereas the increase was more pronounced in male than female skiers. VO2peak of young cross-country skiers was associated with the age as well as with the training hours per week. Long-term studies have shown that, as a result of training, the greatest increase in VO2max is observed in age groups from 15 to 25 years (Rusko, 2003). However, it is not clear to what extent this increase is associated with the training process or other development indicators. The purpose of the studies was a long-term analysis of the maximum oxygen consumption in age groups from 15 to 19 years and their relationship with training characteristics. Methodology: measurement of anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI) and determination of aerobic performance (VO2max) for 5 years in different age groups from 15 to 19 years spent among a group of 58 skiers (41 men and 17 women). In the annual observation over the dynamics of VO2 peak (l / min; ml / kg / min), there was no significant discrepancy between the data among all age groups of young male skiers. A significant positive trend in VO2 peak (l / min; ml / kg / min) was found among young female skiers aged 17 years compared with the previous age group. The most significant correlation between changes in the volume of training and VO2 peak / kg was revealed in the age groups of 15 and 19 years among young male skiers (r = 0.475, p = 0.002). Our studies showed a moderate increase in VO2 peaks between the ages of 15 and 19, and at the same time, the increase was more pronounced in male skiers than in female skiers. VO2 peak in young skiers depends on both age and the number of training hours per week

Genes’ Polymorphisms Related To Athletic Physical Performance

No abstract availabl

The association analysis between ACE and ACTN3 genes polymorphisms and endurance capacity in Young Cross-Country Skiers: Longitudinal Study

Endurance performance depends on the integration of several phenotypic traits influenced by multiple environmental and genetic factors. Objectives of the study were: (1) to examine the genotypic frequencies of the ACE I/D, ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms and endurance performance-related phenotypes, (2) to evaluate the dynamics of endurance performance parameters during a 5-year period in relation to ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X genotypes in Estonian young skiers. Determination of VO2peak was performed in 58 skiers aged 15-19 years (41 males, 17 females) during a 5-year period. The control group consisted of 322 healthy non-athletic subjects (145 males, 177 females). The study groups were genotyped for the ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X variants. Frequencies of the ACE ID and ACTN3 RR genotypes were significantly higher (p = 0.047 and p = 0.003, respectively) and the RX genotype was lower (p = 0.008) in young male skiers compared with controls. A significant relationship was found between change (Δ) of training volume and ΔVO2peak (mL·kg-1·min-1) (r = 0.475, p = 0.002). No significant main effect was detected between VO2peak (mL·kg-1·min-1) dynamics (comparison with the previous age group data) and ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X genotypes interactions (F = 0.571, p = 0.770 and F = 0.650 and p = 0.705, respectively) in all young skiers. Study results indicated a significantly higher frequency of the ACE ID and ACTN3 RR genotypes among Estonian young male skiers compared with the male control group. Significant genotype-related differences in dynamics of VO2peak during a 5-year period were not found. In the future, longitudinal research including different gene variants may contribute to a better understanding of the nature of endurance performance

ACE and ACTN3 Genes Polymorphisms and Endurance Performance: Association Analysis in Young Estonian Male Skiers1401 Board# 194 May 28, 900 AM-1030 AM

PURPOSE:(1) To assess ACE gene ACTN3 genotype frequencies in young male skiers compared to the control group and (2) to analyze the relationships between VO 2peak and ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms in young male skiers. METHODS: Male skiers (n= 56; 14 to 21 yrs), 52% of them are current or former junior national team members of Estonia. A standardized exercise test on a treadmill with determination VO 2peak was performed. Anthropometric measurements and training characteristics were obtained. The male control group (n= 145, 20 to 37 yrs) consisted of healthy sedentary subjects without previous athletic status. Venous blood samples for DNA extraction were collected. Genotyping of rs4343 (ACE, C_11942562_20) and rs1815739 (ACTN3, C_590093_1) was carried out by using the TaqMan SNP 5’allelic discrimination assay. For statistical analysis, descriptive analysis, χ2-test was

Growth hormone response to the strenuous training in professional skiers has longer recovery time than expected

According to literature, 20–30 minutes recovery period is considered sufficient to normalize growth hormone (GH) levels after exercise stimulation. Aim of our study was to analyze GH response in elite athletes after strenuous training and after 2 hours recovery. We used longitudinal (different years, repeated measures) GH secretion data of 15 skiers (altogether 78 measurements) after very intensive training. Training lasted 3.5 hours with following structure: 0...1 h Lactate (La) <2.5; 1...2h La <3; 2&#8230;2:45 La<4; 2:45...3:30 La<8. Exercise induced very high increase in GH level. Mean basal level of GH was 0.9 mU/L (range 11.2 ), after exercise GH level was 22.1 mU/L (range 103.7). After 2 h recovery, GH level was 3.1 mU/L (range 18.7, p < 005 compared to the basal level). Our results show that depending on intensity and individual variability, GH responses to exercise in elite athletes can be much higher than described in the literature