An exploration of burnout and individual and collective teacher efficacy in a Turkish state university

Ankara : The Department of Teaching English as a Foreign Language, Bilkent University, 2010.Thesis (Master's) -- Bilkent University, 2010.Includes bibliographical references leaves 130-141.The importance of the relationship between burnout and teacher efficacy has been widely known in the literature especially in the last decade. However, the relationship between teacher efficacy and collective teacher efficacy has been the focus of a limited number of studies, and the interrelationship among burnout and individual and collective teacher efficacy has not been specifically investigated in an EFL setting. Taking this gap as an impetus, this study explored the experiences of burnout and perceptions of individual and collective teacher efficacy among EFL teachers. The study also examined the direct interrelationship among burnout and individual and collective teacher efficacy. This study gathered data from 123 EFL teachers in an intensive English language education program at a Turkish state university. The data were collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Later, the data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by using descriptive statistics and correlation tests.Analysis of the data revealed that the feeling of emotional exhaustion was more frequent than depersonalization and the feeling of personal accomplishment was the most frequent feeling. In the interviews, it was also revealed that workrelated factors, work environment, and administrative issues were the major sources of burnout among the participants. In addition, analysis of the perceptions of teacher efficacy showed that teachers‟ sense of personal teaching efficacy was stronger than general teaching efficacy. The qualitative data from the interviews suggested that work environment and work-related factors were the major sources of efficacy beliefs among the teachers who participated in the study. Moreover, it was seen that the participants‟ sense of collective teacher efficacy was lower than their sense of personal teaching efficacy, but higher than general teaching efficacy. Again, it was revealed that work-related factors, work environment, and administrative issues were the major sources of collective efficacy beliefs among the participants. It was also seen that personal teaching efficacy was positively correlated with personal accomplishment, but negatively with depersonalization. However, it did not correlate with emotional exhaustion. Likewise, general teaching efficacy did not correlate with any dimension of burnout. The findings also showed that individual and collective teacher efficacy were positively correlated. Moreover, collective teacher efficacy correlated positively with personal accomplishment, but negatively with depersonalization and emotional exhaustion. This study implied that in order to cope with burnout and increase teacher effectiveness, teachers‟ working conditions should be improved and specific intervention programs should be designed to meet the needs of the participants. Furthermore, the study also revealed the need for a more carefully planned curriculum renewal workshop by paying more attention to the teachers‟ views and provision of a higher number of academic development and in-service training opportunities to increase the instructional efficacy in the setting of the study.Kimav, Ali UlusM.S

Evaluation of the placenta with relative apparent diffusion coefficient and T2 signal intensity analysis

PURPOSEWe aimed to test the null hypothesis that relative apparent diffusion coefficient (rADC) and relative signal intensity values (rSIHASTE) do not change in the evaluation of placental maturation with advancing gestational age.MATERIALS AND METHODSFifty-six fetuses with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) data were enrolled in this retrospective study. Fetuses were analyzed in three different gestational age groups: group 1, 18–23 weeks; group 2, 24–28 weeks; and group 3, 29–38 weeks. The rADC (mean ADC/ADCglobe) and rSIHASTE values (mean SIHASTE/SIglobe) were obtained. Two radiologists experienced in fetal MRI who were blinded to the patient information reviewed MRI images independently. Kruskal-Wallis Test was used to compare the rADC and rSIHASTE with gestational age groups. The agreement between the two blinded readers was tested using Krippendorff’s alpha ratio.RESULTSBoth placental rADC values and placental rSIHASTE values were not significantly different between the gestational age groups (P = 0.688 and P = 0.280, respectively). rADC and rSIHASTE measurements were reproducible with a good agreement between the two readers (Krippendorff’s alpha ratio was 0.613 and 0.778, respectively).CONCLUSIONThe rADC and rSIHASTE values do not change with advancing gestational age

Real-world efficacy and safety of Ledipasvir plus Sofosbuvir and Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir +/- Dasabuvir combination therapies for chronic hepatitis C: A Turkish experience

Background/Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the real-life efficacy and tolerability of direct-acting antiviral treatments for patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) with/without cirrhosis in the Turkish population.Material and Methods: A total of 4,352 patients with CHC from 36 different institutions in Turkey were enrolled. They received ledipasvir (LDV) and sofosbuvir (SOF)+/- ribavirin (RBV) ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir +/- dasabuvir (PrOD)+/- RBV for 12 or 24 weeks. Sustained virologic response (SVR) rates, factors affecting SVR, safety profile, and hepatocellular cancer (HCC) occurrence were analyzed.Results: SVR12 was achieved in 92.8% of the patients (4,040/4,352) according to intention-to-treat and in 98.3% of the patients (4,040/4,108) according to per-protocol analysis. The SVR12 rates were similar between the treatment regimens (97.2%-100%) and genotypes (95.6%-100%). Patients achieving SVR showed a significant decrease in the mean serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels (50.90 +/- 54.60 U/L to 17.00 +/- 14.50 U/L) and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores (7.51 +/- 4.54 to 7.32 +/- 3.40) (p<0.05). Of the patients, 2 were diagnosed with HCC during the treatment and 14 were diagnosed with HCC 37.0 +/- 16.0 weeks post-treatment. Higher initial MELD score (odds ratio [OR]: 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-2.38; p=0.023]), higher hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA levels (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.31-2.28; p=0.038), and higher serum ALT levels (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.21-1.83; p=0.042) were associated with poor SVR12. The most common adverse events were fatigue (12.6%), pruritis (7.3%), increased serum ALT (4.7%) and bilirubin (3.8%) levels, and anemia (3.1%).Conclusion: LDV/SOF or PrOD +/- RBV were effective and tolerable treatments for patients with CHC and with or without advanced liver disease before and after liver transplantation. Although HCV eradication improves the liver function, there is a risk of developing HCC.Turkish Association for the Study of The Liver (TASL

Hemodiyaliz ve CAPD tedavisi altındaki hastalarda Renal Osteodistrofi'nin değerlendirilmesi

Bu tezin, veri tabanı üzerinden yayınlanma izni bulunmamaktadır. Yayınlanma izni olmayan tezlerin basılı kopyalarına Üniversite kütüphaneniz aracılığıyla (TÜBESS üzerinden) erişebilirsiniz.ÖZET Renal Osteodistrofî, Kronik Böbrek Yetmezliği'nin majör komplikasyonlarından biridir. Renal replasman tedavileri bu klinik tablonun seyrine değişik yönlerden olumlu veya olumsuz etkide bulunabilmektedir. CAPD'nin renal replasman tedavisi olarak kullanıma girmesiyle bu tedavi yönteminin KBY'nin birçok tablosuna etkisi tartışılmakta ve hemodiyalizle olan farklılıkları araştırma konusu olmaktadır. Diyaliz ünitemizde Hemodiyaliz ve CAPD programında olan hastalarımızda Renal Osteodistrofî yaygınlığı ve derecesini belirlemek, heriki grup arasında farklılık olup olmadığını değerlendirmek amacıyla bu çalışmayı yaptık. Heriki gruptan onbeş hasta olmak üzere toplam 30 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hasta gruplarının homojen olmasına dikkat edildi. Değerlendirme biyokimyasal, radyolojik, sintigrafık, histolojik parametrelerle yapıldı. Çalışma sonucunda elde ettiğimiz sonuçlar:. Her iki grup hastamızda Ca-P metabolizması iyi kontrol edilmektedir.. Her iki grup hastamızda ROD bulguları hafif düzeylerdedir.. Heriki grup arasında ROD yaygınlığı ve derecesi açısından farklılık saptanmamıştır. Böyle bir sonuç elde etmemizde temel faktörlerin başında hastalarımızda önleyici tedavinin yeterli ve etkili olması yer almaktadır. Ayrıca diğer bazı faktörlerinde (güneş ışınlarına daha fazla maruz kalma, uygulanan tedaviye hastaların uyumu ) katkısı bulunmaktadı

Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Importance to Health

The development in science technology and the researches made in the health field showed that nutrition increases the effectiveness of medical treatment as well as maintaining the human health and singularly effective in the treatment of certain diseases. In recent years, the importance of nutritional elements called ‘Functional foods’ has increased. Functional foods provide physiological benefits and can reduce the risk of chronic diseases beyond their nutritional benefits. One of these functional compounds is conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers which have significant effects on human health and previously have been demonstrated in the researches carried out on people and animals. CLA’s attracted more attention after detection of its body fat accumulation reducing, antidiabetic, immune system enhancing, arteriosclerosis reducing, bone mineralization increasing effects

Algorithms for scheduling of chemotherapy plans

WOS: 000329413800014PubMed ID: 24290927Chemotherapy is used to control and cure cancer by using drugs to destroy cancer cells. Treatment schedules for chemotherapy may vary depending on the type of cancer, the goals of treatment, the type of chemotherapy and the patient's state of health. Chemotherapy is usually given in cycles of a treatment-period followed by a rest-period. An oncologist decides the choice of a particular regimen; however, modifications to drug dose and schedule are often necessary because of variabilities in the health of an individual patient. Therefore an orderly execution of chemotherapy regimens requires management, scheduling and allocation of the resources available. Chemotherapy scheduling is an optimization problem. In this paper, a two-phase approach has been adopted to deal with the problem. An adaptive negative-feedback scheduling algorithm is proposed for the first phase to control the load on the system. Two heuristics based on the 'Multiple Knapsack Problem' have been evaluated for the second phase to assign patients to specific infusion seats. The overall design has been put to test at a local chemotherapy center and has yielded good results for patient waiting times, orderly execution of chemotherapy regimen and utilization of infusion chairs. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Effects of albumin and synthetic polypeptide-coated oxygenators on IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10 in open heart surgery

Background: In this study, we have tried to demonstrate the effects of coating style used in oxygenators on various hematologic and clinical parameters. Materials and methods: Twenty-seven patients were included in the study, who had undergone operations because of elective coronary artery disease. Albumin-coated oxygenator was used in Group I. In Group II, a synthetic polypeptide-coated oxygenator was used. C1-inhib (complement), C3c, C4, interleukins (IL-1β, IL2, IL-6, IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were examined at four different time intervals. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte and platelet counts, drainage, and transfused blood volumes were analyzed. Results: Albumin levels were significantly lower in Group I than those in Group II 5 minutes after the removal of the cross-clamp. Twenty-four hours after the surgery, Group I patients also had a significantly higher white blood cell count compared to Group II patients. TNF-α levels in Group I were always expressed in considerably higher amounts than those in Group II. IL-6 levels were significantly higher in Group I, but IL-10 levels were observed to be higher in Group II (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Synthetic polypeptide-coated advanced technology, which employed oxygenators, had an important attenuator effect on acute phase reactants and also on the inflammatory response

Effect of Cu addition on the microstructural constituents and mechanical properties of twin roll cast AlFeMnSi alloys

In this study, the effect of copper addition on microstructural evolution, mechanical and corrosion properties of twin roll cast (TRC) AlFeMnSi alloy system mainly used in container foil applications was investigated. Microstructural characterization studies were conducted on as-cast, homogenization annealed and final products by employing optical and scanning electron microscopes. The mechanical properties of the samples obtained from compositional were determined at the thickness of final product by tensile and Erichsen tests. Addition of Cu improved mechanical properties and formability performance of the foil products with the contribution of final annealing parameters. Corrosion properties were also improved as compared to those of the AlFeMnSi alloys having lower Cu conten