Environmental and Risk Factors Leptospirosis : A Spatial Analysis in Semarang City

Leptospirosis is zoonotic potentially epidemic with clinical manifesatations from mild to severe and and cause death. The incidence of leptospirosis in Indonesia tends to increase by the year. The case fatality rate in Semarang was greater than the national’s (9.38%). The purpose of this study was to describe the environmental risk factors of leptospirosis in Semarang spatially. The study design was descriptive observational with cross sectional approach. The population and samples in this study were confirmed leptospirosis in Semarang from January 2014 until May 2015, 88 respondents in 61 villages of 15 sub-districts in Semarang. The variables were environmental conditions, the presence of rats, wastewater disposal, waste disposal facilities, the presence of pets, the presence of rivers, flood’s profile, tidal inundation profile, vegetation, contact with rats, and Protected Personal Equipment/PPE utilization. Based on the spatial analysis, variables that found in the big half area of Semarang are environmental conditions, the presence of rats, wastewater disposal, waste disposal facilities, contact with rats, and PPE utilization. The presence of pets a risk, the presence of rivers, flood’s profile, inundation profile, and vegetation were found only in small half of Semarang area. People are expected to maintain their personal and environmental hygiene to prevent the transmission

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Ketepatan Waktu Vaksinasi Meningitis pada Jamaah Umrah (Studi di Kota Bengkulu)

Background: Meningococcal meningitis is a disease with high morbidity and mortality which, if left untreated, 100% will end in death. Meningitis vaccination is a way to prevent transmission of meningitis in high-risk groups such as Umrah pilgrims. As many as 26.69% of Umrah pilgrims in Bengkulu were late in conducting the meningitis vaccination.Methods: Used is analytic observational research with cross sectional approach. The research sample of 122 people with purposive sampling. Data processing was performed by chi square test by looking at the value of continuity correction and pearson chi-square with α=0.05.Result: There is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge about the time of meningitis vaccination, (p=0,000) and the perseption of role of umrah travel agency (p=0,023) with the timeliness of vaccination. There was no relationship between age (p= 0,328), sex (p=0,998), level of education (p=0,868), type of work (p=1,000), level of knowledge about meningitis (p=0,477), level of knowledge about vaccination meningitis (p=0,903), family support (p=0,083) and distance access to health services (p=0,996) with timely meningitis vaccination in Umrah pilgrims.Conclusion : Knowledge about the timing of vaccination and the perseption of role of umrah travel agency are the main determining factors of the accuracy of meningitis vaccination in Umrah pilgrims

Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Tingkat Kepatuhan Minum Obat dengan Tingkat Kekambuhan Lupus Eritematosus Sistemik

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with varied manifestations and characterized by recurring flares. Lack of disease knowledge and non-compliance with drug therapy are an important cause of not achieving treatment targets and worsening lupus symptoms.Methods: This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. The research method is quantitative. The sample in this study were 136 patients who came to examine themselves at Central-General Hospital in Semarang City. The sampling technique used in this study was total sampling. This study used a questionnaire to determine the variables studied.Result: The results of this study indicate a significant correlation between the level of knowledge (r=-0,332; p < 0,05) and level of drug adherence (r=-0,644; p < 0,05) to the level of systemic lupus erythematosus flaresConclusion : Based on the results, there is a correlation between knowledge and drug adherence to the level of systemic lupus erythematosus flares. The recommendation given is an integrated approach between patients and health care providers to improve patients understanding of systemic lupus erythematosus flares. Beside of that, specific attention should be paid to integrate the service provision system into the collaborative approach of the patients and his/her family in order to promote the level of drug adherence.

Gambaran Kejadian Dermatitis Pada Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Di Tempat Penampungan Sementara Di Kabupaten Nunukan

Dermatitis is inflammation of the skin as a response against the influence of exogenous or endogenous factors that cause clinical disorders such asefloresensi polymorphic and complaints of itching. Data from Tarakan KKP working area Nunukan in 2015, the prevalence of dermatitis 53.2% of cases.This study aims to describe the incidence of dermatitis on migrant workers at the polling station in Nunukan. This type of research is descriptive with cross sectional design. The population in this study are all workers who are in the polling stations outpatient treatment Polyclinic Tarakan KKP working area Nunukan in september 2016 total 105 people with simple random sampling method sampling.Analysis of the data used areunivariate in the form distribution frequency table accompanied by narration.The results of this study found depiction of the incidence of dermatitis on migrant workers (64.8%) and, not dermatitis (35.2%). The incidence of dermatitis is dominated by age group ≥30 years (60.7%). The majority are those with history of skin diseases (84.2%) and had poor water quality (84.5%). The intensity of the shower bath is dominated by less than 2 times a day (85.3%), baths use rainwater (83.0%) and those who did not shower after work or sports (78.6%). the cleanliness of the clothes dominated by the change of clothes for less than 2 times a day (78.3%), did not iron clothes before use (65.4%), soak the clothes mixed with clothes friends (80.4%) and washes the clothes in a public toilet using rain water (65.3%)all of that included in the category of bad. It is expected to health workers to conduct socialization ofhygiene and health behaviorsin order to overcome the incidence of dermatitis andto the migrant workers, to always maintain personal hygiene and the cleanliness of clothes,as well as increasing proper bathing habits

Gambaran Karakteristik Pasien Komplikasi Diabetes di Rumah Sakit Kristen Ngesti Waluyo Parakan

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the degenerative diseases that occur because the amount of insulin in the body is not balanced that can cause complications and can not be cured but can be prevented by the existence of good management or self-management of patients. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of patients with complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This research is an observational analytical study with cross sectional approach. The instrument used in this study is a questionnaire. The sample selection in this research use consecutive sampling technique. The results showed the characteristics of diabetes mellitus in the age group&gt; 45 years (86.7%), female gender (81.7%), educational background in elementary school group (53.3%), work status (61.7%) , old status of diabetes mellitus type 2 &lt;4 years and ≥ 4 (50%), lack of knowledge (58,3%), negative perception (58,3%), and self-management less (56,7%). To the Christian Hospital, Ngesti Waluyo Parakan is expected to provide information and education considering the nutritional factors, diabetes mellitus, symptoms of diabetes mellitus

Gambaran Faktor-faktor Tekanan Darah pada Akseptor Kb Hormonal di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kedungmundu 2016

The USAge of hormonal contraception in Indonesia has increased one of them in the work area of Kedungmundu community health center Semarang city with prevalence in 2015 about 17,9%. The aim of this research is knowing the blood pressure profile of hormonal contraception acceptors in work area of Kedungmundu community health center. This research is descriptive research with observational design and cross sectional approach. Total of sample is 100 hormonal contraception acceptors, 15-45 years old, and selected randomly to be interviewed and measured. The results was hormonal contraception acceptors has high blood pressure (29%); majority of respondents aged early adulthood, 26-35 years old, (43%);used injecting hormonal contraception (75%); had normal nutritional status (55%);had central obesity (66%);Senior High School for the last education (38%);housewife (59%);had salary more than minimum wage work Semarang city (52%);used hormonal contraception for 13-19 years (43%);had no hypertension history (68%);not smoked (100%); exposured by smoke (79%); and did light physical activity (60%). Hypertension incident of the respondents was tend to in late adulthood; had no hypertension history; exposured by smoke;used injection contraception;used hormonal contraception for 13-19 years;had obesity of nutritional status;had central obesity; and had light physical activity. Hormonal contraception acceptors should had sufficient physical activity, avoid of getting exposured by smoke; and controlling blood pressure routinely

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Perilaku Masyarakat dalam Memelihara Ikan Cupang (Betta Splendens) untuk Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Pontianak

Background: High humidity, high population density, rainy season and community habit in storing rain water in large water jar are estimated as the major factors in increasing DHF cases in Pontianak city. Raising cupang fish has become an alternative way to decrease the number of aedes agepty larva. Cupang fishes, besides they have many beautiful colors andforms, they have also recognized as masquito larva eater. Recently many people have been interesting in raising these fishes in Pontianak city.This study identifies the factors such as knowledge of cupang fish breeder and DHF disease, personal factors including profit of raising cupang fish and the number of family members influence the respondent behaviour in breeding cupang fish.Method : A proportional random sampling technique has been used to select 96 sample from four subdistricts in Pontianak city. The data was analysed by using univariate, bivariate and multivariate techniques.Results : The profit of money , the number of family members, knowledge of respondent in terms of DHF disease and cupang fish breeder have significant relationships to the practice of cupang fish breeder. Logistic regression shows that knowledge of DHF disease and cupangfish breeder, and the number of family members are the predictor variables which influence the practice of respondents in raising cupang fish.Keyword : Community behaviour, Cupang fish breeder, DH

Keberadaan Residu Tetrasiklin pada Daging Ayam Broiler di Kabupaten Kudus (Studi di Pasar Tradisional dan Pasar Modern Tahun 2019)

Background: One of the causes of antibiotic resistance is the presence of antibiotic residues in livestock, one of which is broiler chicken meat. Excessive use of antibiotics and not in accordance with the diagnosis will result in the discovery of antibiotic residue content in chicken meat and will endanger public health. The purpose of this study was to determine the description of the antibiotic residues of tetracycline in broiler chicken meat sold in traditional and modern markets in Jati District, Kudus Regency.Methods: This type of research is a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The samples in this study were all broiler chicken meat sold in traditional markets (Bitingan Market, Sunggingan Ploso Market, and Baru Market) and in the modern Hypermart market with a total sample of 78 samples of broiler chicken meat taken with total population sampling technique. Sample testing was carried out at Balai Veteriner Boyolali using the Bioassay method.Result: Based on the results of the study, there is no tetracycline antibiotic residues were found in 78 (100%) broiler chicken meats sold in the Bitingan Market, Sunggingan Ploso Market, Baru Market, and Hypermart.Conclusion : There is no tetracycline antibiotic residues were found in broiler chicken meat sold in the Bitingan Market, Sunggingan Ploso Market, Baru Market, and Hypermart

Faktor – Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Status Gizi pada Anak Usia 0-23 Bulan Berdasarkan Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Karangayu Kota Semarang

Background: According to UNICEF, half of all deaths of children are caused by malnutrition. The conventional anthropometric index to measure nutritional status is unable to measure the overall prevalence of malnutrition and multiple malnutrition. The solution is to measure it using the Composite Index of Anthropomeric Failure (CIAF). The aim of the study was to analyze the factors that affect the nutritional status of children aged 0-23 months based on Composite Index of Anthropomeric Failure (CIAF).Methods: This research was an observational analytic study with cross-sectional study design. This research was conducted in the working area of Karangayu Health Center with 231 study sample of mothers who have 0-23 months old children (population used as sample). Chi-square and fisher exact test were used as statistical test.Result: Factors associated with the nutritional status of children aged 0-23 months based on the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) were the age of the child (p=0,029); birth length (p=0.005); maternal age during pregnancy (p=0.002); maternal height (p=0.025); gestational age of maternal (p=0.049). While factors unassociated were gender (p=0.997), birth weight (p=0.316), nutritional status of the mother during pregnancy (p=0.232), maternal employment (p=0.614), and education level (p=0.951).Conclusion: Age of child, birth length, maternal age during pregnancy, mother’s height, and gestational age of maternity mothers were factors associated with nutritional status of 0-23 months old children based on CIAF. A dominant factor that affected the nutritional status of children aged 0-23 months was the mother's age during pregnancy

PELATIHAN KADER DALAM TEKNIK PENGENDALIAN VEKTOR DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI KOTA SEMARANG

DBD di Kota Semarang merupakan masalah kesehatan di daerah yang endemis, salah satunya adalah Kecamatan Semarang Utara. Berbagai metode pengendalian DBD telah dikembangkan, namun umumnya masih kurang optimal. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pelatihan pengendalian vektor DBD kepada kelompok masyarakat dan kader di Kecamatan Semarang Utara. Tahapan pelatihan yang dilakukan yaitu memberikan pelatihan kepada komunitas melalui pertemuan rutin sebagai upaya mengimplementasikan pengendalian DBD, mengenalkan teknik pengendalian vektor DBD, mengenalkan program jumantik,  melakukan aksi bersama pengendalian vektor DBD di lingkungannya dan membangun komitmen untuk melaksanakan PSN rutin. Peserta kegiatan ini berjumlah 40 orang yaitu 20 masyarakat dan 20 kader. Dari hasil uji paired samples t test pada kelompok masyarakat, didapatkan rata-rata skor sebelum pelatihan sebesar 72,50 dan setelah pelatihan sebesar 79,00 dengan nilai p &lt; 0,039 (p &lt; ?). Sedangkan hasil uji paired samples t test pada kelompok kader, diperoleh rata-rata skor sebelum pelatihan sebesar 67,50 dan setelah pelatihan sebesar 75,00 dengan nilai p &lt; 0,040 (p &lt; ?). Hal itu menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan kader dan masyarakat sebelum dan sesudah dilaksanakannya pelatihan. Kegiatan ini dinilai berhasil berdasarkan peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat dan kader  mengenai pencegahan DBD dan pengendalian vektor. Selain itu, banyaknya peserta yang hadir, antusiasme, dan tanggapan positif yang ditunjukkan peserta juga mendukung keberhasilan kegiatan. Diharapkan dengan peningkatan pemahaman ini akan terbentuk sikap dan praktik pengendalian DBD oleh masyarakat