Bildsegmentation zur Untersuchung von Streulichtbildern bei der laseroptischen Diagnose von rheumatoider Arthritis

Optical imaging in biomedicine is governed by the light absorption and scattering interaction on microscopic and macroscopic constituents in the medium. Therefore, light scattering characteristics of human tissue correlates with the stage of some diseases. In the near infrared range the scattering event with the coefficient approximately two orders of magnitude greater than absorption plays a dominant role. The potential of an experimental laser diode based setup for the transillumination of rheumatoid finger joints and the pattern of the stray light detection are demonstrated. For evaluating the scattering light images a new non-local image segmentation method is presented. Regarding a noisy picture as a multicomponent mixture of gray scaled particles, this method minimizes a non-convex free energy functional under the constraint of mass conservation of the components. Contrary to constructing equilibrium distributions as steady states of an adequate evolution equation, a direct descent method for the free energy is used to separate the components of the image

Bildsegmentation zur Untersuchung von Streulichtbildern bei der laseroptischen Diagnose von rheumatoider Arthritis

Optical imaging in biomedicine is governed by the light absorption and scattering interaction on microscopic and macroscopic constituents in the medium. Therefore, light scattering characteristics of human tissue correlates with the stage of some diseases. In the near infrared range the scattering event with the coefficient approximately two orders of magnitude greater than absorption plays a dominant role. The potential of an experimental laser diode based setup for the transillumination of rheumatoid finger joints and the pattern of the stray light detection are demonstrated. For evaluating the scattering light images a new non-local image segmentation method is presented. Regarding a noisy picture as a multicomponent mixture of gray scaled particles, this method minimizes a non-convex free energy functional under the constraint of mass conservation of the components. Contrary to constructing equilibrium distributions as steady states of an adequate evolution equation, a direct descent method for the free energy is used to separate the components of the image

Monte Carlo simulation of signals in digital diaphanoscopy of the maxillary sinuses

Digital diaphanoscopy method has potential to separate normal and pathological conditions of the maxillary sinuses. The entirety of all the features of the investigated area (the presence or absence of pathology, its etiology and morphological features) affects the resulting images of the maxillary sinuses by the digital diaphanoscopy. In this work, the MonteCarlo numerical simulation method was used to determine the patterns of propagation of light radiation in biological tissue. A biologically heterogeneous environment, represented by structures of the skull and maxillary sinuses, as well as pathological changes in them was modelled in the TracePro software

Die digitale Diaphanoskopie der Nasennebenhöhlen

Einleitung: In dieser klinischen Studie wurden diaphanoskopische Untersuchungen sowohl an Patienten, die an einer Rhinosinusitis erkrankt sind, als auch an gesunden Probanden durchgeführt. Die Lichtbildaufnahmen wurden mit verschiedenen Methoden der Bildbearbeitung ausgewertet und mit den CT-Bildern der untersuchten Probanden verglichen. Ziel war es festzustellen, ob die Unterscheidung von gesunden und an Rhinosinusitis erkrankten Personen mit Hilfe der Diaphanoskopie untersucherunabhängig möglich ist. Methodik: Die Probanden (n=30) führten einen Applikator in den Mund ein, aus dessen Enden Weißlicht ausgestrahlt wurde. Das Licht strahlte durch den Gaumen und die Nasennebenhöhlen und ergab dann unterhalb der Augen ein von außen sichtbares Streuchlichtmuster. Anschließend wurde eine Lichtbildaufnahme des Gesichtsbereichs unterhalb der Augen der Probanden angefertigt, die mit Hilfe von Bildauswertungsalgorithmen auf Form, Intensität und andere Merkmale, der nun durch die Ausleuchtung enstandenen charakteristischen Lichtsicheln unter den Augen, analysiert und mit dem Goldstandard Computertomografie verglichen wurde.Ergebnisse: Eine Beurteilung der Nasennebenhöhlen ist mittels der digitalen Diaphanoskopie mit hoher Sensitivität und Spezifität möglich. Bei allen Probanden zeigte sich eine hohe Korrelation der digital bestimmten Bildlichtsegmente mit der CT, die statistisch belegbar war.Schlussfolgerung: Die digitale Diaphanoskopie hat in der täglichen Praxis zur Beurteilung der Nasennebenhöhlen neben der Computertomografie seine Berechtigung.Der Erstautor gibt keinen Interessenkonflikt an

Image Segmentation for the Investigation of Scattered-Light Images when Laser-Optically Diagnosing Rheumatoid Arthritis

With 1–2% of the population affected, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most frequent inflammatory arthropathy. In most cases, RA initially affects the small joints, only, especially the finger joints. The inflammations of the joints caused by this disease usually start with a synovitis. At the same time, there is a change in the filtration properties of the synovialis, which increases the enzyme rate within the synovia thus accelerating the progress of inflammation. In a later stage, granulation and neovascularisation occur in the synovia (Figs. 1 and 2), which may finally lead to the destruction of cartilage and bone structures [1]. So, it is rather unsurprising that the optical parameters [2, 3] (Table 1) change in these early stages of the disease

Monte Carlo simulation of signals in digital diaphanoscopy of the maxillary sinuses

Abstract Digital diaphanoscopy method has potential to separate normal and pathological conditions of the maxillary sinuses. The entirety of all the features of the investigated area (the presence or absence of pathology, its etiology and morphological features) affects the resulting images of the maxillary sinuses by the digital diaphanoscopy. In this work, the MonteCarlo numerical simulation method was used to determine the patterns of propagation of light radiation in biological tissue. A biologically heterogeneous environment, represented by structures of the skull and maxillary sinuses, as well as pathological changes in them was modelled in the TracePro software