Machine Assisted Proofs for Generic Semantics to Compiler Transformation Correctness Theorems

This thesis investigates the issues involved in the creation of a "general theory of operational semantics" in LEGO, a type-theoretic theorem proving environment implementing a constructionist logic. Such a general theory permits the ability to manipulate and reason about operational semantics both individually and as a class. The motivation for this lies in the studies of semantics directed compiler generation in which a set of generic semantics transforming functions can help convert arbitrary semantic definitions to abstract machines. Such transformations require correctness theorems that quantify over the class of operational semantics. In implementation terms this indicates the need to ensure both the class of operational semantics and the means of inferring results thereon remain at the theorem prover level. The endeavour of this thesis can be seen as assessing both the requirements that general theories of semantics impose on proof assistants and the efficacy of proof assistants in modelling such theories

Study of Shoot Multiplication of Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa)

Effects of different hormonal concentration on multiple shoot formation of RABI Strawberry-3 were studied. Where the explants were runner tips that cultured on MS basal medium supplemented with 6-Benzyl Adenine and Kinetin. The maximum percentage 80% of shoot was obtained from Benzyl Adenine concentrations of 0.5 mg/l and 1.0 mg/l whereas Kinetin concentrations were 1.5 mg/l and 2.0 mg/l separately. More promising result was found by combining two impressive concentrations of each hormone. When MS basal media was supplemented with Kinetin 2.0mg/l + Benzyl Adenin A 0.5 mg/l, Kinetin 1.5 mg/l + Benzyl Adenine 0.5 mg/l and Kinetin 1.5 mg/l + Benzyl Adenine 1.0 mg/l respectively then 100% shoots were obtained. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v1i1-2.13936 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 1 (1&2): 69-72, December, 201

An Efficient Irrigation System for Plasticulture of Strawberry in Bangladesh

Plasticulture technique is a commonly used technique for advanced strawberry production. Due to high cost and tough maintenance, this technique is not practiced commercially in Bangladesh. We have found that, if the irrigation system can be switched to a cheaper one with high efficiency, then the cost can be minimized. We applied Micro-drip mediated irrigation system to minimize the cost. Our proposed modification of plasticulture using micro-drip irrigation system was outstanding in all our concerned horticultural parameters like height of the plants, number of leaves, north-south spreading, and east-west spreading of the plants. Paired Samples analysis between conventional and plasticulture procedure, test of significance for the pairs of mean, analysis of variance and LSD test at 5% level of significance were done for statistical analysis to conclude the  result. The statistical analysis has also shown that the plasticulture method proposed by us was highly significant over the conventional technique and practical for the rural farmer of Bangladesh. It reduces the production costs, improves fruit quality and yield, and reduces the need for chemical pesticides. Keywords: Micro drip irrigation, Soil solarization, Mulching, and Fruit Qualit

An efficient callus initiation and direct regeneration of Stevia rebaudiana

The experiment was carried out to establish an efficient callus induction system of Stevia rebaudiana from a variety of explants as well as direct regeneration from nodes. Callus initiation was done to extract secondary metabolites. However direct regeneration is essential for rapid large-scale clonal propagation. Among leaf, node and inter-nodal explants, the best callus initiation performance was observed by nodes. MS medium fortified with α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) 2.0 mg/L + 6-benzyladenine (BA) 2.0 mg/L showed the highest (93.33 ± 6.67%) callus induction by nodal explants. Though inter-nodal explants showed a moderate response (73.33 ± 6.67%) for callus induction in MS medium complemented with NAA 3.0 mg/L + BA 1.0 mg/L, nodal explants showed higher response (86.67 ± 13.33%) than inter-nodal explants in that nutritional environment. Leaf explants always showed very poor callus. However, the best direct regenerating medium was MS medium + BA 1.0 mg/L for multiple shoot proliferation and then transferring those shoots to ½ MS medium + NAA 1.0 mg/L for root formation.Key words: In vitro, Stevia rebaudiana, 2,4-D, α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6-benzyladenine (BA), plant growth regulators

Hydrophobicity — A Green Technique for Enhancing Corrosion Resistance of Alloys

The corrosion phenomenon is as old as the age of the planet. The cost of corrosion has risen alarmingly with industrial progress and it is estimated to be around 300 billion dollars or 3 to 4.5% of the GNP of developed nations. Thousands of alloys have been developed to control corrosion, which is a major consideration in the development of new ferrous and non-ferrous alloys. Several corrosion control techniques such as inhibitor treatment, coatings, cathodic protection, alloying additions, and designing for corrosion protection have been developed to combat corrosion. Despite their merits, techniques such as inhibition treatment and coatings are limited by their adverse effect on the environment because of their volatile organic components. Due to an increasingly alarming carbon footprint, there is a growing global concern to keep the environment clean. Hence, a great need exists to replace the current control methods by eco-friendly methods. The potential of the green technology of hydrophobicity has therefore been exploited to control corrosion by fabricating hydrophobic surfaces on alloys and these surfaces have shown highly promising results. This technology offers a novel method to control corrosion of metals, alloys, polymers and composites

A bibliometric study of the top 100 most-cited randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in endodontic journals

Aim To identify and analyse the main features of the top 100 most‐cited randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta‐analyses published in endodontic journals from 1961 to 2018. Methodology The Clarivate Analytics’ Web of Science ‘All Databases’ was used to search and analyse the 100 most frequently cited randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews and meta‐analyses having ‘randomized’, ‘randomised’, ‘randomized controlled’, ‘randomised controlled’, ‘randomized controlled trial’, ‘randomized controlled trials’, ‘clinical trial’, ‘systematic’, ‘systematic review’, ‘meta‐analysis’, and ‘meta‐analyses’ in the title section. The ‘International Endodontic Journal’, ‘Journal of Endodontics’, ‘Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology’, ‘Australian Endodontic Journal’, ‘Endodontics & Dental Traumatology’, ‘Endo‐Endodontic Practice Today’ and ‘European Endodontic Journal’ were included in the publication name section. After ranking the articles in a descending order based on their citation counts, each article was cross‐matched with the citation counts in Elsevier's Scopus and Google Scholar. The articles were analysed, and information on citation counts, citation density, year of publication, contributing authors, institutions and countries, journal of publication, study design, topic of the article and keywords was extracted. Results The citation counts of the 100 most‐cited articles varied from 235 to 20 (Web of Science), 276 to 17 (Scopus) and 696 to 1 (Google Scholar). The year in which the top 100 articles were published was 2010 (n = 13). Among 373 authors, the greatest number of articles was associated with three individuals namely Reader A (n = 5), Beck M (n = 5) and Kvist T (n = 5). Most of the articles originated from the United States (n = 24) with the greatest contribution from Ohio State University (USA) (n = 5). Randomized controlled trials were the most frequent study design (n = 45) followed by systematic reviews (n = 30) with outcome studies of root canal treatment being the major topic (n = 35). The Journal of Endodontics published the largest number of included articles (n = 70) followed by the International Endodontic Journal (n = 27). Among 259 unique keywords, meta‐analysis (n = 23) and systematic review (n = 23) were the most frequently used. Conclusion This study has revealed that year of publication had no obvious impact on citation count. The bibliometric analysis highlighted the quantity and quality of research, and the evolution of scientific advancements made in the field of Endodontology over time. Articles before 1996, that is prior to the CONSORT statement that encouraged authors to include specific terms in the title and keywords, may not have been included in this electronic search

A User-Centric QoS-Aware Multi-Path Service Provisioning in Mobile Edge Computing

Recent development in modern wireless applications and services, such as augmented reality, image processing, and network gaming requires persistent computing on average commercial wireless devices to perform complex tasks with low latency. The traditional cloud systems are unable to meet those requirements solely. In the said perspective, Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) serves as a proxy between the things (devices) and the cloud, pushing the computations at the edge of the network. The MEC provides an effective solution to fulfill the demands of low-latency applications and services by executing most of the tasks within the proximity of users. The main challenge, however, is that too many simultaneous service requests created by wireless access produce severe interference, resulting in a decreased rate of data transmission. In this paper, we made an attempt to overcome the aforesaid limitation by proposing a user-centric QoS-aware multi-path service provisioning approach. A densely deployed base station MEC environment has overlapping coverage regions. We exploit such regions to distribute the service requests in a way that avoid hotspots and bottlenecks. Our approach is adaptive and can tune to different parameters based on service requirements. We performed several experiments to evaluate the effectiveness of our approach and compared it with the traditional Greedy approach. The results revealed that our approach improves the network state by 26.95% and average waiting time by 35.56% as compared to the Greedy approach. In addition, the QoS violations were also reduced by the fraction of 16

Development of Efficient Callus Initiation of Malta (Citrus sinensis) Through Tissue Culture

The effects of different hormonal concentration on shoot formation and callus induction were studied on BARI Malta-1 (Citrus sinensis). Seeds containing seed coat and without seed coat was treated by Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 6-benzyl adenine (BA) and Kinetin (KIN). Removal of seed coat showed an early response for shoot formation. The highest (70%) shoot formation was obtained from seeds without seed coat treated with MS basal media + BA 1.0 mg/l while KIN showed no response for shoot formation in any supplemented concentration. However, in case of callus induction internodes and apical shoot tips were used as explants and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D) was used as callus inducing hormone. MS basal media supplemented with 2, 4-D, 2.0 mg/l showed highest (68%) callus induction. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v1i1-2.13935 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 1 (1&2): 64-68, December, 201

Histopathological study of neoplastic lesions of large intestine in Kashmir Valley, India

Background: Aim of current study was to study the histopathological spectrum of neoplastic lesions of large intestine and histopathological pattern of colorectal carcinoma in young adults.Methods:We took a combined retrospective & prospective study in the department of pathology. The specimens were collected from subjects diagnosed as colorectal carcinomas in histopathology department and clinical details were sought from the medical records. Variables like age, sex, dietary habit, relevant history, tumor size, location, type of lesion, histological pattern of patients were checked.Results:In the series of 446 patients of colorectal neoplasm, maximum number of patients presented in 4th to 6th decade of life (47.30%), while as (15.46%) were between 20-40 years. The youngest patient with an adenocarcinoma was 18 years (male) of age and the oldest one was 80 years (male) of age. Average age of patients was 50.50 years. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1. The study revealed that the carcinoma of ascending colon was much more prevalent, constituting 107 (40.07%) cases. The proportion of well differentiated carcinoma was highest in left side colon and rectum. The incidence of moderately differentiated and poorly differentiated carcinoma was greater on right side colon.Conclusion:Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological variant of colon carcinomas.

A novel privacy paradigm for improving serial data privacy

Protecting the privacy of individuals is of utmost concern in today’s society, as inscribed and governed by the prevailing privacy laws, such as GDPR. In serial data, bits of data are continuously released, but their combined effect may result in a privacy breach in the whole serial publication. Protecting serial data is crucial for preserving them from adversaries. Previous approaches provide privacy for relational data and serial data, but many loopholes exist when dealing with multiple sensitive values. We address these problems by introducing a novel privacy approach that limits the risk of privacy disclosure in republication and gives better privacy with much lower perturbation rates. Existing techniques provide a strong privacy guarantee against attacks on data privacy; however, in serial publication, the chances of attack still exist due to the continuous addition and deletion of data. In serial data, proper countermeasures for tackling attacks such as correlation attacks have not been taken, due to which serial publication is still at risk. Moreover, protecting privacy is a significant task due to the critical absence of sensitive values while dealing with multiple sensitive values. Due to this critical absence, signatures change in every release, which is a reason for attacks. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach in order to counter the composition attack and the transitive composition attack and we prove that the proposed approach is better than the existing state-of-the-art techniques. Our paper establishes the result with a systematic examination of the republication dilemma. Finally, we evaluate our work using benchmark datasets, and the results show the efficacy of the proposed technique