Pengaruh Transglutaminase Terhadap Mutu Edible Film Gelatin Kulit Ikan Kakap Putih (Lates Calcalifer)

Plastik merupakan pengemas makanan yang berpotensi menyebabkan keracunan bila digunakan pada makanan, sehingga diperlukan bahan kemasan yang aman apabila dikonsumsi oleh manusia yaitu edible film. Edible film yang terbuat dari protein mempunyai sifat hidrofilik sehingga dapat menyerap sejumlah air pada RH tinggi. Penggunaan transglutaminase membantu memperbaiki kualitas edible film. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan transglutaminase terhadap nilai permeabilitas uap air, kadar air, ketebalan, persen pemanjangan, kekuatan tarik, dan kelarutan. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah gelatin, transglutaminase, dan gliserol. Metode penelitian bersifat experimental laboratories dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 3 perlakuan perbedaan konsentrasi transglutaminase (0,2%; 0,4%; 0,6%) serta kontrol dengan pengulangan 3 kali. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji ANOVA, jika hasil Fhitung ≥ Ftabel maka dilakukan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan transglutaminase dapat menurunkan permeabilitas uap air dan kadar air, serta meningkatkan ketebalan, kekuatan tarik, dan persen pemanjangan. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan transglutaminase dibandingkan tanpa penambahan transglutaminase dapat merubah nilai permeabilitas uap air 0,775 -1,13 (g.m-1.s-1.pa-1), kadar air 13,45 - 15,26 (%), ketebalan 0,081 – 0,107 (mm), persen pemanjangan 14,13 – 79,67 (%), kekuatan tarik 5,18 – 39,71 (MPa). Plastic are food packaging that potentially causes toxicity when it is used in food, so we need packaging materials which is safe when consumed by humans being, one of them is edible film. Edible film is made from proteins which have hydrophilic properties so it can be absorbed a certain amount of water at high RH. The used of transglutaminase help to improve the quality of edible film. The aimed of this study was to determine the effect of transglutaminase on water vapor permeability value, moisture content, thickness, percent elongation, tensile strength, and solubility. The materials used in this study were gelatin, transglutaminase, and glycerol. The researched method was experimental laboratories used completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of 3 different treatments of transglutaminase concentration (0.2%; 0.4%; 0.6%) and control in triplicates. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, if the result Fcount ≥ Ftable then the treatment performed by Honestly Significant Difference (HSD). The results showed that the addition of transglutaminase decrease the water vapor permeability and water content, as well as increasing the thickness, tensile strength, and percent elongation. The research showed that the addition of transglutaminase compared to without transglutaminase indicates changes on water vapor permeability values 0,775 to 1,13 (g.m-1.s-1.pa-1), the water content of 13,45 to 15,26 (% ), thickness 0,081 to 0,107 (mm), percent elongation 14,13 to 79,67 (%), tensile strength 5,18 to 39,71 (MPa)

Characterization of CoNI-Sn catalyst for autothermal reforming methane

Autothermal reforming (ATR) is a combination of steam reforming and partial oxidation process. It is a one of the methods in producing hydrogen from natural gas. CoNiSn with different catalyst supports e.g. MgO and Al2O3 has been chose to be used on this autothermal reforming of methane (ATR). The objective of this paper is to study the bulk structure of the catalyst using Temperature Programed Reduction (TPR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). From the TPR and XRD, the addition of tin into MgO-supported catalyst will become the anti coking agent, as it will react with carbide, since it is deposited at the outer layer of the matrix CoO-NiO-MgO solid solution phase

Time-dependent quantum study of H(2S) + FO(2?) ? OH(2?) + F(2P) reaction on the 1 3A? and 13A? states

PubMed ID: 20740560The dynamics of the H(2S) + FO(2?) ? OH( 2?) + F(2P) reaction on the adiabatic potential energy surface of the 13A? and 13A? states is investigated. The initial state selected reaction probabilities for total angular momentum J = 0 have been calculated by using the quantum mechanical real wave packet method. The integral cross sections and initial state selected reaction rate constants have been obtained from the corresponding J = 0 reaction probabilities by means of the simple J-Shifting technique. The initial state-selected reaction probabilities and reaction cross section do not manifest any sharp oscillations and the initial state selected reaction rate constants are sensitive to the temperature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc

Quantum dynamics of H(2S)+FO(2?) ? HF( 1?+) + O(3P)reaction on the 1 3A? state

The H(2S)+FO(2?) ? HF(1? +) + O(3P) reaction on the 13A? state potential energy surface is investigated using the quantum mechanical real wave packet method. The state-to-state and state-to-all reaction probabilities for total angular momentum J = 0 have been calculated. The probabilities for J>0 have been calculated by means of the simple J-shifting method. The initial state selected integral cross-sections and rate coefficients have been calculated. The state-to-state, state-to-all reaction probabilities and the reaction cross-section do not manifest any significant oscillations and the initial state selected reaction rate constants are sensitive to the temperature. © 2011 Taylor & Francis

PERANCANGAN PRODUK CONVERTIBLE BAG DENGAN PANEL SURYA YANG ERGONOMIS MENGGUNAKAN METODE QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT (QFD): Indonesia

Technological advances in the field of Transportation, a socio-cultural truth that occurs in the community, that today the internet greatly affects citizens in undergoing activities in the community. The number of users of smart phones or smartphones, both on android and iOS systems makes people dependent on smartphones and the internet. Online motorcycle taxi drivers are required to have a mobile phone that can function properly and can be used throughout the day or during his work. This requires online motorcycle taxi drivers to bring their mobile phone cables and Chargers in order to continue receiving orders. Based on the above, there is an opportunity to make a convertible bag equipped with solar panels using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method. This study uses experimental methods. This study found that the final specifications of the bag are cheap, there are charging features, easy to store, convenient to use, have a large enough size, have good quality, and design that consumers want. Solar panels can charge a battery of 5,600 mah for one hour in bright sunlight conditions, with this figure can charge mobile phone batteries in general from 0% -100% less than 1 hou