Attitudes of Junior National Team Athletes towards Opponents: Ideology/Morals

Competitions between countries occur in every field, from science to industry. This competition is inevitable in the field of sports, which is the greatest feature of publicity in countries, one of the tools of getting political advantage and the greatest focus of global capital. This competition, which is seen in the fields of sport, sometimes becomes extreme and situations arise which are far from reflecting the nature of sports. Especially the efforts of athletes to represent their countries in the best way sometimes cause them to behave inappropriately to their opponents. Thus, the purpose of this study is to find out whether athletes’ being on the national team has any effects on their moral structure and to find out whether the attitudes they show to their opponent during competition are ideological or moral. Phenomenologic design was used in the study which was prepared with qualitative research method. The sample group of the study consists of 10 athletes in the junior national team who were determined with maximum variation sampling method. Individual interviews of an average of 10-12 minutes were conducted with the athletes within the context of semi-structured interview technique. The participants were informed that the interviews would be voice recorded and their expressions would later be converted into text to avoid data loss; the interviews were recorded after the necessary permissions were taken. Descriptive and content analysis method were used to analyze the expressions converted into text. Analysis results showed that the athletes stated that being on the national team had positive effects on moral structure due to motivating factors such as representing one’s country and being role models and that they were led by their moral structure while competing with their opponents

Sportsmanship in sport with athlete perspective

The study aims to determine the athletes’ views on sportsmanship. In the study, qualitative research method and phenomenology design was preferred. The sampling group of the study consists of 15 athletes determined by the easily accessible case sampling method. Individual interviews were conducted with the athletes within the scope of semi-structured interview technique lasting an average of 25 minutes. Descriptive and content analysis methods were applied to the transcribed participant statements. As a result, sportsmen define sportsmanship as acting in accordance with the rules and fighting within the scope of fair play. Having or not having sportsmanship behaviour has positive or negative effects on all segments in the field and the competition environment, the circle of friends, especially the family and the coach, are the relevant stakeholders affecting sportsmanship. Finally, unsportsmanlike behaviours are seen due to reasons such as coach behaviours, provocation of the rival team, injury, etc

Adaptation of Individual and Team Character in Sport Questionnaire to Turkish

The aim of this study was to make validity and reliability of Turkish form of the individual and team character in sport questionnaire (ITCSQ) which was developed by Davidson et al., (2000). Scale was designed to measure outcomes related with character in the sport environment. 438 participants were voluntarily included into the study in two stages as pilot and main study. After the controlling of the answers, incorrect and incompletely filled scale forms were taken out, 170 people were taken for the pilot study and 268 people were taken into the consideration for the validity and reliability of the scale. Firstly, language validity was provided through expert opinion. Validity of scale to Turkish culture was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis and reliability of scale was assessed with split-half reliability methods and it was seen that fit indices were in acceptable level for six subscales. In conclusion, the internal consistency for all scale was .83 and for the six subscale respectively were .74, .80, .82. Obtained data by the application of Turkish form of scale showed that adapted scale which had 3 factors, 44 items and 5 Likert type scoring tool, was a valid and reliable scale

The Relationship Between Physical Fitness Levels and Digit Ratio (2D:4D) of High School Students Engaged Actively in Sports

The aim of this study is to examine the association between physical fitness and 2D:4D finger ratio of high school students engaged actively in sports. 23 licensed male athletes and 23 sedentary (n=46) high school students participated in the study voluntarily. The participants age, body weight, body mass index, 2D:4D finger measurement values were recorded and 20 meter shuttle run, 30 meter sprint, sit and reach test, standing long jump and hand grip strength tests were applied on the participants. The data obtained were assessed in SPSS 21 program and the results were assessed at p˂0.05 significance level. While the average age of athletes was 15.82±1.11 years, the average age of sedentary group was 15.13±0.96 years. While statistically significant difference was found between sedentary and athlete groups in terms of VO2max, right and left hand grip strength and long jump average values (p0.05). When the 2D:4D averages of sedentary and athlete groups were compared, statistically significant difference was found between right hand averages (p0.05), while significant difference was found in athletes (p<0.05). Statistically significant difference was found between 2D:4D averages of both hands with all physical fitness parameters (p<0.05). In the present study, finger ratio of the groups were found to be associated with some motoric and functional dominance parameters

Examination of the Relationship between Certain Gene Variations and Psychological Factors with Physical Activity Level in the Individuals with the Diagnosis of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders

The research aims to examine certain gene variations and to examine relationship between psychological factors and activity levels by the individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar diagnosis. This research has been conducted with the participation of the patients with schizophrenia and bipolar diagnosis in the Mental Facility of Bursa Dört Çelik at the University of Health Science and all the patients take part in physical exercise activities regularly. During the research, IPAQ has been applied to determine participants’ physical activity levels whereas Beck’s Depression Inventory, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory, Staı Form TX-I-II, Beck’s Hopelessness Index has been applied to determine their psychological status after socio-demographic information of participants was obtained by demographic form. In order to examine properties of the participants genetically, oral swabs were obtained by SWAP kite. Genetic variations of cases have been recurred as a result of genotyping analysis of MAO-A, COMT, TH and SLC6A4 genes in GenoFeel panel by using isolated DNAs yielded from swap samples. When the results obtained from statistical analysis are analyzed, it has been seen that genetic properties pair with psychological factor meanwhile the characteristics of diseases bear a resemblance to these measurement. It was determined in this research that, genetic factor were matched with psychological factors, these measurement results resembled with the characteristic of diagnosed ailments as well and schizophrenia and bipolar patients have significance in MAO-A and COMT figures, excessive activation of TH (tyrosine hydroxylase) enzyme may also be included in excessive dopamine production, Homozygote mutation and heterozygote genotypes of gene which is related to SLC6A has rational increase whereas no significance was observed in schizophrenia patient’s group. As a consequence it shouldn’t be neglected that exercising should be a part of schizophrenia and bipolar patients’ life, that exercise, genetic parameters and psychological tests have positive contributions for treatments and that medical treatment has positive contributions with exercise

Ownership and Use of Mobile Phone – A Population based Study Physical Education and Sport College Students in Turkey

AbstractPurposeRecent years have seen a rapid increase in the use of mobile phones, raising concers about possible adverse health effecets. The present study aims to find out the prevalence of mobile phone usage of the students educated in sports training in the university.Material and MethodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out 01 October and 31 May in 2010. 1325 students (94.5%) out of total 1402 studying in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Schools of five different universities located on the Black Sea accepted to participate in the study. A questionnaire form was applied to the participants under the observation of the researchers.ResultsIn the study, although 1036 (78.2%) of the students said that mobile phones had adverse health effects, it was found that 1305 (98.5%) students used mobile phones, 251 (18.9%) had more than one mobile phone and each talk took the least median 3 (1-14) minutes and the most median 10 (1-14) minutes. 506 (38.8%) of the mobile phone users said that they talked on the mobile phone while driving.ConclusionAs a result, it was found that the use of mobile phones among the students was common and they usually carried their mobile phones on them during their classes. Even though mobile phones are important for those students studying away from their homes to keep in touch with their families, it is suggested that they should pay attention to some practices while using their mobile phones

Relationship Between REM Sleep Behavior Disorder and Depression and Anxiety and Night Eating Syndrome

The purpose of this study is to reveal the risk of depression and anxiety disorders and night eating syndrome in individuals with REM sleep behavior disorder and to determine the relationship between them. Intermittent awakening from sleep to sleep or accompanied by physical movements that could injure itself is defined as REM sleep behavior disorder. Ethical committee approval of the study taken from T.R. Istanbul Arel University. The sample of the study was analyzed by 47 people from T.R. Ministry of Health Süreyyapaşa Chest Diseases and Chest Surgery Training and Research Hospital, 39 people from T.R. Ministry of Health Sultan Abdul Hamid Khan Training and Research Hospital, 28 people from the T.R. Ministry of Health, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital were included in the study. Total of 108 data randomly selected were included in the study as control group. It can be said that the REM sleep behavior disorder was low (13-0=13/3=4,33; 0-4,33: low; 4,34-8,66: intermediate; 8,67- 13,00: high). There was a positive and significant relationship between REM sleep behavior disorder scores and anxiety (r = .43; p <.05) and depression (r = .56; p <.05) scores. The participants with high REM sleep behavior disorders have high anxiety and depression symptoms

Analysis of the 2D:4D Ratios of National and Amateur Football Players

WOS: 0004570119000152D:4D has been identified as a biomarker for performance in various elite sports. The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between league status and 2D:4D ratios of national and amateur football players. 38 football players participated to this study who deserved participation FCBEscola Antalya and Istanbul camps according to the scouting results. 19 of players were national football players who have taken place at least one time in U14 and U15 Turkish national football teams and 19 of them were amateur players. The height, body weight, body mass index and 2D:4D finger measurements of the participants were taken. For the differences in the measurements results of the groups, the independent t-test was carried out and the results were evaluated in the p<0.05 significance level. In both groups a statistically significant difference was found between the right and left hand 2D:4D average values (p<0.05), and the right hand 2D:4D ratios were found to be lower than the left hand 2D:4D ratios. When compared the 2D:4D ratios of national and amateur players, it was determined that there was a statistically significant difference were found between the right hand 2D:4D ratios (p<0.05). Both right and left hand 2D:4D averages in national football players were found to be lower than the amateur football players. As a result of this study, it can be said that 2D:4D may discriminate between national and amateur footballers, and lower 2D:4D ratios could be linked to performance for football players. But for the healthier evaluation of the relationship between sportive performance and 2D:4D ratios, other determinative talent identification parameters should be taken together

The Role of Proximal and Distal Resilience Factors and Locus of Control in Understanding Hope, Self-Esteem and Academic Achievement among Turkish Pre-adolescents

WOS: 000357482400010The current study provides an important step in determining the relations among resilience, hope, self esteem, locus of control and academic achievement. Our sample is composed of 1,169 male junior soccer players selected via nationwide sports selection program. We have employed a cross-sectional research design to assess the relationship between variables by using structural equation modeling. Our results suggested that personal factors, familial resilience, and society but not peers serve as protective factors for elevating hope, self-esteem and finally academic achievement for pre-adolescent children. We have also found that resilience have differential effects when combined with an internal locus of control supporting Masten and Reed (2002)'s argument that resilience comes from operations of ordinary human systems. In addition, culture has become an important ingredient in the complex relationships between certain predictors and their outcomes and it is almost impossible not to consider its determining role in those relationships and contexts

The Role of Exercise in Reducing The Side Effects of Antipsicotics Used in The Treatment of Bipolar Disorders

The study is a systematic evaluation of quantitative studies showing the relationship between drug use and physical activity in investigating the side effects of antipsychotics used in patients who have bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is usually treated with medicine and the side effects of the drugs which are used to increase the body mass index of patients and this causes obesity. This study mainly aims to examine the role of exercise in reducing the side effects of antipsychotics which are used by individuals who have bipolar disorder with using the high-level evidence which was acquired from published systematic reviews and meta-analyzes. Most antipsychotics cause weight gain; olanzapine and clozapine are seen as the antipsychotics which have highest risk. In the first period after taking antipsychotics, the weight is increasing rapidly, and patients continue to gain weight in the long term. One of the best strategies to prevent this situation is to adapt antipsychotics according to individual needs and to check over weight and other metabolic parameters closely. The researches which were done and current information in the last 10 years were included in the study. Recent studies have shown that in the patients who have bipolar disorder, physical activity programs can play a significant role in supporting of mental and physical health. We hope that adding exercise to treatment plans for individuals with bipolar disorder may provide side benefits and be guidance for clinical practice, policy and future research