The Extent of Implementation Just-in-Time System on Hikma Pharmaceutical Company (Case Study)

Implementation just-in-time system (JIT) play important role on organizations to be successful, so they must continuously ensure use and implement it, the aim of this study is to explore the extent of implementation Just-in-Time system through variables such as top management support, human resources efficiency, supplier’s efficiency and  elimination of waste , using sample of (195) managers in Hikma Pharmaceutical Company, Results were supported by previous researches revealing that top management support, human resources efficiency, and supplier’s efficiency have significant positive influence on Implementation of JIT, but Elimination of waste hasn’t significant influence on Implementation of JIT . Keywords: Just-in-Time, Top management support, Human resources efficiency, Supplier’s efficiency, Elimination of waste, Hikma Pharmaceutical Company

Preventable hospitalization among type 2 diabetes patients in Kentucky before and after medicaid expansion 2010-2017.

Objectives: 1) Analyze county level variation in T2DM-PH rates in Kentucky before ACA (2010-2013) and after the ACA (2014-2017). 2) Analyze the relationship between county level socioeconomic factors (income per capita, percentage of uninsured people, percent of urban population, primary care and general preventive offices, population aged 65 and above, median age, household income, percentage in poverty, and unemployment rate ) and county level T2DM-PH rates before (2010-2013) and after (2014-2017) ACA implementation in Kentucky. Method: This research was conducted in two phases: Phase one of this study estimated the county-level PH variation among T2DM patients across eight years (2010-2017), four years (2010-2013) before the Medicaid expansion and the next four years (2014-2017) after the implementation of Medicaid expansion to estimate the ACA impact on health outcomes among T2DM patients in Kentucky. The second phase focused on objective number two, to analyze and compare the socioeconomic factors association with T2DM-PH rates Previ and Post-Medicaid expansion. All county level socioeconomic factors and T2DM-PH rates were extracted from the AHRF data (2010-2017) and merged with Kentucky Hospital Inpatient Discharge Databases (KID) (2010-2017) to estimate and compare the correlations pre- and post-Medicaid expansion. Results: When the overall T2DM-PH rates Pre- and Post-ACA were assessed, a significant reduction (8.38%) in T2DM-PH discharges rates was found in the period of the postexpansion (P = 0.001). However, The spatial statistics analysis revealed significant spatial clustering of counties with similar high rates of T2DM-PH in the southeastern region before and after the expansion. These Counties with cluster type high-high (HH) had high positive z-score, positive Moran’s Index values and p-value2) of the variation in socioeconomic factors. PC1 loaded with wealth variables, whereas PC2 laded with poverty variables. While counties with high PC1 scores were in the northern region of the State, counties with high PC2 were mainly in the southeastern region Pre- and Post-ACA. The regression coefficients show that there is a positive association between PC2 and county level T2DMPH rates in Kentucky. The scaled slope (B) indicates the degree to which the T2DM-PH rate changes with a one-unit change in PC2 Pre-ACA (B=0.972, SE=0313, p=0.002) and Post- ACA (B=1.01, SE=0.218, p=0.001). Conclusion: The Medicaid expansion was associated with reduced T2DM-PH rates at county level in Kentucky. The Medicaid expansion affected the health coverage, but not the economic expansion. Extremely disadvantaged rural counties in southeast Kentucky scored highest on the socioeconomic deprivation profile component (PC2) and was significantly associated with high T2DM-PH rates (

Arabic to English Translation: Issues and Possibilities

This article aims to investigate the possibilities and issues in translation from Arabic to English and find out the possible solution for translation issues. Since translation is a susceptible and subtle task of language study, many issues must be addressed. However, translating from Arabic to English becomes more challenging. Thus, a translator should possess critical linguistic knowledge when dealing with language's surface and underlying aspects. Furthermore, translation involves the transfer of various characteristics from one language into another. Having Arabic and English as two distinct and distant scripts, translating from one into another poses many challenges, including difficulties with vocabulary, grammar, sound, style and usage. The present article provides a practical, possible, and acceptable way to solve the issues relating to translating Arabic texts into English, especially the language, based on the type of readership, the text, context, culture, etc. For the benefit of non-native users of the Arabic language, Arabic IPA transcriptions are provided wherever deemed necessary. Keywords: Translation, Possibilities, Usage, Culture, Meaning, Text DOI: 10.7176/JLLL/85-04 Publication date: January 31st 2022

Transesterification Of Glycerol With Dimethyl Carbonate To Glycerol Carbonate Over Ash-, Clay- Based And Strontium-Aluminum Mixed Oxide Catalysts

The global growth in biodiesel production over the past decade has led to the availability of significant quantities of glycerol as a by-product of the triglyceride transesterification process. Glycerol (GL) is a versatile feedstock for producing chemicals such as glycerol carbonate (GC) which can be produced by the transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) over base catalyst. In this work, dolomite, sodium rich clay, oil palm ash and K-zeolite synthesized form fly ash have been utilized as low-cost heterogeneous basic catalysts for GC synthesis from GL and DMC. The study was conducted in a batch reactor at different reaction conditions (1-7 wt%) catalyst loading; (1:1-4:1) DMC:GL molar ratio; (55-75 OC) reaction temperature and (0.5-2 h) reaction time. At the best operating conditions of 5 wt% catalyst loading; 3:1 DMC: GL molar ratio; 75 OC reaction temperature and 1.5 h reaction time, the yields of GC obtained were 98.4%, 97.3%, 96.4% and 94% for Na-clay, oil palm ash, K-zeolite and dolomite, respectively. In terms of catalyst reusability and leaching, all catalysts suffered from leaching of metallic species in range between (4.23-31%) and the best catalytic performance was obtained by Na-clay where the minimum leaching was occurred (4.23%) compared to other low-cost catalysts and it was used successfully for four cycle runs. Strontium-aluminum mixed oxide catalyst was also developed in order to have more stable and unleachable heterogeneous catalyst for GC synthesis from GL and DMC

Dynamic routing optimization using traffic prediction

In this dissertation, a new efficient routing maintenance algorithm, called Predicting of Future Load-based Routing (PFLR), is introduced for optimizing the routing performance in IP-based networks. The main idea of PFLR algorithm is combing the predicted link load with the current link load with an effective method to optimize the link weights and so reduce the network congestions. Another research objective is introducing a new efficient Traffic Engineering (TE) algorithm, called Prediction-based Decentralized Routing (PDR) algorithm, which is fully decentralized and self-organized approach

Prediction-based Decentralized Routing Algorithm

We introduce a new efficient routing algorithm called Prediction-based Decentralized Routing algorithm (PDR), which is based on the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) meta-heuristics. In our approach, an ant uses a combination of the link state information and the predicted link load instead of the ant's trip time to determine the amount of pheromone to deposit. A Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) is used to build adaptive traffic predictors which capture the actual traffic behaviour. We study two performance parameters: the rejection ratio and the percentage of accepted bandwidth under two different network load conditions. We show that our algorithm reduces the rejection ratio of requests and achieves a higher throughput when compared to Shortest Path First and Widest Shortest Path algorithms

Retrograde (fundus first) Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Situs Inversus Totalis

Situs i nversus totalis (SIT) is an uncommon anomaly characterised by transposition of organs to the opposite side of the body in a mirror image of normal. It may cause difficulties in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of abdominal pathology due to the mirror-image anatomy. We report the management of a case of symptomatic cholilithiasis with emphasis on its surgical technique

The Role of Electronic Assessment in Rising of the Level of Academic Achievement among Female Students from the Point of View of Secondary School Teachers in Hail

The study aimed to identify the role of electronic assessment in raising the level of academic achievement among female students, from the point of view of secondary school teachers in the city of Hail. The study followed the descriptive approach, using the questionnaire as a tool for collecting data. The questionnaire consisted of (45) statements, divided into four axes. They are: the role of assessment through the electronic achievement file in raising the level of academic achievement for secondary school female students, the role of assessment through electronic testing in raising the level of academic achievement for secondary school female students, the role of assessment through the electronic assignments in raising the level of academic achievement for secondary school female students, and finally The most prominent challenges facing electronic assessment to raise the level of academic achievement for female secondary school students. The study sample consisted of the secondary school teachers in the city of Hail, where their number reached (296) teachers. The study found a set of challenges facing electronic assessment, as the study recommended the necessity of working to address the problems of slow Internet speed to run programs related to electronic assessment, and paying attention to providing infrastructure such as computer laboratories and others in secondary schools, working to provide Internet lines and specialized programs, providing the immediate technical support, and interest in providing manuals for using electronic calendar methods

THE CONSTRUCTION AND MAXIMAL SET OF MUTUALLY ORTHOGONAL LATIN SQUARES

Given aset of permutation {p1,p2, … . pk} on aset S, we say that the set of permutation is transitive on S if for every ordered pair of elements a,b € S, there exists at least on Pi for which (a) Pi=b. A permutation set for which there is exactly one Pi which maps a to b is called Sharply transitive.For example, if on the set consisting of the three elements {1,2,3} we represent the permutation which maps 1 3 ,2 2 and 3 1by (321). Then the following set of permutation is transitive.(123),(132),(213) and (321) and the last three permutation form sharply transitive set. This construction give a set of mutually orthogonal latin squares. A set S of mutually orthogonal latin squares(MOLS) is maximal if no latin square is orthogonal to each member of S

ON THE NUMBER AND EQUIVALENT LATIN SQUARES

we determine the number of Latin rectangles with 11 columns and each possible number of rows, In clouding the Latin squares of order11. Also answer some questions of Alter by showing that the number of reduced Latin squares of order n is divisible by Fi where f is a particular integer close to