PROBLEMS OF MATHEMATICAL EDUCATION OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: IDENTIFYING RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CONCEPTS

The purpose of this article is to investigate how the undergraduate students in the primary education programs understand mathematical information (concepts). Having an understanding of the mathematical content allows the teacher to design different approaches to teaching younger students with different learning styles and abilities. The analysis of theoretical studies published in Russian scientific literature has shown that one of the important criteria for understanding information in a particular field of knowledge is to identify logical connections between the concepts of this field. In this article the authors present the results of their study on how undergraduate students studying in the profiles of “Primary Education" and "Psychological and Pedagogical Education” form the links between the concepts used in everyday life versus the connections between mathematical concepts. The results show that other disciplines/ fields of study influence the formation of connections between mathematical concepts. In addition, some specific difficulties in establishing some of these connections were identified. Based on this research, the authors provide recommendations on specific strategies to improve the professional education for future teachers in the area of mathematical knowledge.

Interegancy cooperation organizations of children’s support undergoing family’s vilence

The purpose of the article is to give the theoretical analysis of interagency cooperation of subjects of assistance's system to victims of child abuse, including the process of their interactions, problems, which block information exchange between them and cooperation.В данной статье дается теоретический анализ элементов системы межведомственного взаимодействия, которые представлены в качестве субъектов системы помощи детям, испытывающим жестокое обращение в семьях, а так же проблем, препятствующих процессу обмена информацией и сотрудничества, или возникающих в нем

EU-Russia regional cooperation and energy networks in the Russian northwestern and southern regions: implications for democratic governance

This dissertation seeks to explain variation in democratic governance in the Russian regions, in particular, in the Northwestern and the Southern regions, which are included in the regional dimensions of the European Union Neighborhood Policy: the Northern Dimension and the Black Sea Synergy, respectively. Emphasizing a dynamic relationship between regional governance patterns in the EU-Russia regional cooperation and energy regional domains, regional ethno-cultural, historical, geopolitical, and economic contexts, and regional decision-making processes, it develops a model of sub-national democratic development and sub-national regionalism that links regional sustainable development and democratic governance to the multi-dimensionality of the external and internal pressures that shape and influence the behavior and the strategic actions of the regional actors, and predetermine the configuration of relationships among them. The propositions of the model are tested empirically using both quantitative (econometric analysis of longitudinal data and longitudinal network analysis) and qualitative (interview data) methods. The findings of the analyses have implications for our understanding of sub-national regionalism in the Wider Europe and for the study of democratization and regional development more generally

Water quality in the Ivanovo region: problems and optimization of the of water supply

The article discusses the problem of providing safe drinking water to the population of the Ivanovo region. The main causes of poor water quality are revealed. Activities in order to optimize the system of providing the population of the Ivanovo region with drinking water of standard quality and sufficient quantity are proposed

Physiological and Metabolic Responses of Marine Mussels Exposed to Toxic Cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa and Chrysosporum ovalisporum

Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are a major contaminant in inland aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, toxic blooms are carried downstream by rivers and waterways to estuarine and coastal ecosystems. Concerning marine and estuarine animal species, very little is known about how these species are affected by the exposure to freshwater cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins. So far, most of the knowledge has been gathered from freshwater bivalve molluscs. This work aimed to infer the sensitivity of the marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to single as well as mixed toxic cyanobacterial cultures and the underlying molecular responses mediated by toxic cyanobacteria. For this purpose, a mussel exposure experiment was outlined with two toxic cyanobacteria species, Microcystis aeruginosa and Chrysosporum ovalisporum at 1 × 105 cells/mL, resembling a natural cyanobacteria bloom. The estimated amount of toxins produced by M. aeruginosa and C. ovalisporum were respectively 0.023 pg/cell of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and 7.854 pg/cell of cylindrospermopsin (CYN). After 15 days of exposure to single and mixed cyanobacteria, a depuration phase followed, during which mussels were fed only non-toxic microalga Parachlorella kessleri. The results showed that the marine mussel is able to filter toxic cyanobacteria at a rate equal or higher than the non-toxic microalga P. kessleri. Filtration rates observed after 15 days of feeding toxic microalgae were 1773.04 mL/ind.h (for M. aeruginosa), 2151.83 mL/ind.h (for C. ovalisporum), 1673.29 mL/ind.h (for the mixture of the 2 cyanobacteria) and 2539.25 mL/ind.h (for the non-toxic P. kessleri). Filtering toxic microalgae in combination resulted in the accumulation of 14.17 ng/g dw MC-LR and 92.08 ng/g dw CYN. Other physiological and biochemical endpoints (dry weight, byssus production, total protein and glycogen) measured in this work did not change significantly in the groups exposed to toxic cyanobacteria with regard to control group, suggesting that mussels were not affected with the toxic microalgae. Nevertheless, proteomics revealed changes in metabolism of mussels related to diet, specially evident in those fed on combined cyanobacteria. Changes in metabolic pathways related with protein folding and stabilization, cytoskeleton structure, and gene transcription/translation were observed after exposure and feeding toxic cyanobacteria. These changes occur in vital metabolic processes and may contribute to protect mussels from toxic effects of the toxins MC-LR and CYNPortuguese Science Foundation and under the Projects MOREBIVALVES (PTDC/ASP-PES/31762/2017) and UID/Multi/04423/2013NORTE 2020, Portugal 2020 and the European Union through the ERDF, and by FCT. Moreover, Project AGL2015-64558-RMINECO/FEDER, UE, and the grant FPI (BES-2016–078773