Psykoterapian tarve ylittää tarjonnan - ratkaisuna edulliset tutkimukseen perustuvat hoidot

Olemme yhteisen haasteen edessä. Mielenterveysongelmien kasvun myötä psykoterapiapalveluiden tarve on suurempi kuin tarjonta. Nykyinen terveydenhuollon rakenne ei riitä vastaamaan tähän tarpeeseen. Vastausta tähän kysymykseen voidaan hakea psykoterapiaa koskevasta tieteellisestä kirjallisuudesta. Psykoterapian kirjallisuus tarjoaa laajaan vahvaan tieteelliseen näyttöön perustuvia menetelmiä (kuten vaikutehallinta, käyttäytymisen aktivointi ja KKT yleisesti) ja lupaavaan näyttöön perustuvia uusia menetelmiä (kuten Bergenin neljän päivän hoitomalli, Barlown yhtenäistetty hoito sekä hyväksy-mis- ja omistautumisterapia). Kirjallisuudesta nostetaan myös esiin tehokkaita ja edullisia tietokonepohjaisia hoito-ohjelmia. Lopuksi pohditaan miten psykoterapian kirjallisuudesta löytyneitä tehokkaita hoitomenetelmiä tulisi soveltaa ja mihin tutkimusresursseja tulisi tulevaisuudessa suunnata ongelman ratkaisemiseksi.acceptedVersionPeer reviewe

Beyond PTSD and Fear-Based Conditioning: Anger-Related Responses Following Experiences of Forced Migration—A Systematic Review

Introduction: Experiences of forced migration include traumas that are interpersonal in nature, as well as ongoing emotional responses, stress, and frustration in post-migration setti ngs. Open questions exist, regarding anger/anger-like responses following experiences of persecution and ongoing stress. The aim of this study was to explore the adaptive and maladaptive underlying mechanisms of anger/anger-like responses, cultural, linguistic, and social contingencies, and possible interventions for problematic anger behavior.Method: We searched two databases (PsycINFO and PILOTS) with the following search terms: (refugee OR “asylum seek*” OR IDP OR “internal* displac*” OR “forced migra*” OR “involuntary migra*”) AND anger.Findings: This search yielded 34 studies that were included in the final review. Although, anger is a moral, adaptive, and prosocial response, dysfunctional anger/anger-like responses arise from PTSD, “moral injury,” complicated grief, and independent forms of anger behavior. Cultural, linguistic, and social issues also emerged from the search. Finally, considerations for treatment and intervention are discussed.Discussion: Anger responses following experiences of forced migration may require assessment beyond PTSD models currently framed by DSM and ICD. A very promising framework is the Adaptation and Development after Persecution and Trauma (ADAPT) model.Implications: Further longitudinal and epidemiological research will be necessary to continue testing the ADAPT model and to begin the process of assessing its cross-cultural coherence in other refugee populations (e.g., see Hinton et al., 2003). As anger behavior is also a societal issue, avenues for reconciliation, expression of grievances, employment, civic participation, and integration are needed

Intelligent roll platform for better runnability

An intelligent roll is a mechatronic system consisting of a roll in a web handling machine that is also used as a transducer for sensing cross machine tension or linear load. The intelligent roll has electret film force sensors mounted on it in a helical arrangement. The force sensor measures the force applied by the product that is being produced, such as a paper web and thus provides information about the behavior and quality of the product. In addition to the force sensors, the intelligent roll system has an electronic signal processing module on the roll end along with a digital radio link to transmit the data from the rotating roll. The receiver is connected to an automation network.Using an intelligent roll as a reel or winder drum enables online measurement of linear load profiles in reeling and winding. The linear load profile correlates with roll hardness and diameter profiles. An intelligent reel drum combined with actuators such as calender zone controls or coat weight profilers in a closed loop control system enables response to profile-related quality variations.Another application is to use an intelligent roll as a measuring roll that monitors the tension profile online without separate scanning devices. With online measurement, the tension profile can be optimized with closed loop control.Intelligent roll technology also enables temporary process and runnability analysis measurements by using tape-mounted sensors. Problems such as loose web edges, off-machine coater web shifting, winding problems, and reeling defects have been solved with these measurements.Besides paper making, intelligent rolls may be used in web handling applications such as: printing, converting, plastic film production, fabric production, etc.Three cases of using intelligent roll technology are presented in this paper:1. Online control of web tension profiles2. Online control of roll hardness / diameter profiles and replacing inaccurate thickness measurement3. Finding and removing the reason for lateral web shifting in an off-machine coater

Käyttäytymisanalyysin eettiset periaatteet

acceptedVersio

A longitudinal study of changes in psychosocial well-being during orthognathic treatment

The aim was to evaluate changes in the psychosocial well-being of orthognathic surgery patients (n = 22) during treatment and to compare results with those of adults not requiring orthognathic treatment (n = 22). Patient data were collected before treatment (T0), after the first orthodontic examination (T1), three times during treatment (T2–T4), and 1 year after surgery (T5). In this article, only data corresponding to patient stage T5 are reported for the control subjects. Participants filled in a structured diary and the modified version of the Secord and Jourard body image questionnaire, the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II. Moreover, patients filled in the Symptom Checklist-90. After the placement of orthodontic appliances (T2), orthognathic quality of life, self-esteem, and psychological flexibility were lower and psychiatric symptoms increased. Improvements were observed from T2 to T5 in orthognathic quality of life, body image, self-esteem, psychological flexibility, and psychiatric symptoms. Treatment resulted in improvements from T0 to T5 in orthognathic quality of life, body image, and psychiatric symptoms. At T5, patient psychosocial well-being was comparable to or even better than that of control subjects. Orthognathic treatment seems to support psychological well-being, but the range of individual variation is wide.</p

Effects of park walks and relaxation exercises during lunch beraks on recovery from job stress : Two randomized controlled trials

Item does not contain fulltextLunch breaks constitute the longest within-workday rest period, but it is unclear how they affect recovery from job stress. We conducted two randomized controlled trials with 153 Finnish knowledge workers who engaged for 15 minutes daily in various prescribed lunch break activities for ten consecutive working days. Participants were randomly assigned to a: 1) park walking group (N = 51), 2) relaxation exercises group (N = 46) and 3) control group (N = 56). The study was divided into two parts scheduled in spring (N = 83) and fall (N = 70). Recovery experiences (detachment, relaxation, enjoyment) and recovery outcomes (vitality, fatigue, job satisfaction) were assessed with SMS and paper-and-pencil questionnaires several times per day before, during and after the intervention period. A manipulation check revealed that during the intervention both intervention groups reported less tension after lunch breaks than before. Vitality increased and fatigue decreased most markedly immediately after the break in the fall in both intervention groups (d = 0.30-0.58). Fatigue decreased and remained low until the end of the afternoon (d = 0.37-0.54). Most consistent positive effects were reported in the park walking group. Park walks and relaxation exercises during lunch breaks enhanced knowledge workers' recovery from work, but the effects were weak, relatively short-lived and dependent on the season.17 p