Patient perspective post-orthognathic surgery.

The aim of the study is to determine factors contributing to satisfaction with orthognathic surgery. It was hypothesized that specific factors contribute to the patient\u27s perception of success. 37 patients who had orthodontic/orthognathic surgery treatment at U of L participated in a survey study. 91 different analyses were tabulated. The analyses were divided into three categories. Analyses with: two categorical, two numerical, and one numerical and one categorical variable. None of the analyses with two categorical variables had significance. For the analyses with one categorical and one numerical variable, one had statistical significance. For the two numerical variables, eleven factors had a statistically significant correlation to the patient\u27s overall satisfaction. Six had a significant correlation to the patient\u27s willingness to recommend the treatment. Research in this area will improve the perception of these procedures by catering not only to the clinicians, but equally as important, to the patient\u27s view of successful treatment

Development Concepts for Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV) Solid and Hybrid Vehicle Systems

The Advanced Concepts Office (ACO) at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) has conducted ongoing studies and trades into options for both hybrid and solid vehicle systems for potential Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV) concepts for the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Two MAV propulsion options are being studied for use in a potential Mars Sample Retrieval (MSR) campaign. The following paper describes the current concepts for hybrid and solid propulsion vehicles for MAV as part of a potential MSR campaign, and provides an overview of the ongoing studies and trades for both hybrid and solid vehicle system concepts. Concepts and options under consideration for vehicle subsystems include reaction control system (RCS), separation, and structures will be described in terms of technology readiness level (TRL), benefit to the vehicle design, and associated risk. A hybrid propulsion system, which uses a solid fuel core and liquid oxidizer, is currently being developed by JPL with support from MSFC. This type of hybrid propulsion vehicle would allow the MAV to be more flexible at the cost of higher complexity, in contrast to the solid propulsion vehicle that is simpler, but allows less flexibility. The solid propulsion vehicle study performed by MSFC in 2018 further refined the solid propulsion system sizing as well as added definition to vehicle subsystem concepts, including the RCS, structures and configuration, interstage and separation, aerodynamics, and power/avionics. The studies were performed using an iterative concept design methodology, engaging subject matter experts from across MSFCs propulsion and vehicle systems disciplines as well as seeking trajectory feedback from analysts at JPL

Mapping the cortical representation of the lumbar paravertebral muscles

Objective: The aim of this study was to map the cortical representation of the lumbar spine paravertebral (LP) muscles in healthy subjects. Methods: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was employed to map the cortical representations of the LP muscles at two sites. Stimuli were applied to points on a grid representing scalp positions. The amplitude of motor evoked potentials (n = 6) was averaged for each position. Results: The optimal site for evoking responses in the contralateral LP muscles was situated 1 cm anterior and 4 cm lateral to the vertex. Ipsilateral responses were evoked from sites lateral to the optimal site for evoking contralateral responses. Contralateral responses were also obtained from areas anterior to the optimal site. Conclusions: Maps of these muscles can be produced. The results suggest discrete contra- and ipsilateral cortical projections. Anterior sites at which excitation can be evoked may indicate projections arising in the SMA are involved. Significance: This study provides normative data regarding the cortical representation of the paravertebral muscles and provides a technique for evaluating cortical motor plasticity in patients presenting with spinal pathologies

Children’s Centres in 2011: Improving outcomes for the children who use Action for Children Children’s Centres

Action for Children commissioned a research team at King’s College London to evaluate the impact of Action for Children Children’s Centres on outcomes for vulnerable children. The study took place during 2010-11. Within the wider context of early intervention to meet wider family support needs, the study also addressed key topics including health, inter-agency collaboration; access to services; and the role of outreach. The study period coincided with robust public and political debate around the allocation of public spending, alongside an extensive review of services and outcomes for children and young people, through five parallel reviews.1 Proposed developments in the configuration of community health services for children and their families, put a spotlight on the existing and potential contribution of Children’s Centres to undertake the co-ordination of services, as well as have a positive impact on child outcomes, alongside supporting workforce recruitment and retention; and the enhancement of inter-agency collaboration