Lower-Critical Spin-Glass Dimension from 23 Sequenced Hierarchical Models

The lower-critical dimension for the existence of the Ising spin-glass phase is calculated, numerically exactly, as $d_L = 2.520$ for a family of hierarchical lattices, from an essentially exact (correlation coefficent $R^2 = 0.999999$) near-linear fit to 23 different diminishing fractional dimensions. To obtain this result, the phase transition temperature between the disordered and spin-glass phases, the corresponding critical exponent $y_T$, and the runaway exponent $y_R$ of the spin-glass phase are calculated for consecutive hierarchical lattices as dimension is lowered.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl

Infrared Colours and Spectral Energy Distributions of Hard X-ray Selected Obscured and Compton-thick AGN

We investigate infrared colours and spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 338 X-ray selected AGN from Swift-BAT 105-month survey catalogue that have AKARI detection, in order to find a new selection criteria for Compton-thick AGN. By combining data from Galaxy Evolution Explore (GALEX), Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 14 (DR14), Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), AKARI and Herschel for the first time we perform ultraviolet (UV) to far-infrared (FIR) SED fitting 158 Swift BAT AGN by CIGALE and constrain the AGN model parameters of obscured and Compton-thick AGN. The comparison of average SEDs show while the mid-IR (MIR) SEDs are similar for the three AGN populations, optical/UV and FIR regions have differences. We measure the dust luminosity, the pure AGN luminosity and the total infrared (IR) luminosity. We examine the relationships between the measured infrared luminosities and the hard X-ray luminosity in the 14-195 keV band. We show that the average covering factor of Compton-thick AGN is higher compared to the obscured and unobscured AGN. We present a new infrared selection for Compton-thick AGN based on MIR and FIR colours ([9$\mu$m - 22$\mu$m]$> 3.0$ and [22$\mu$m - 90$\mu$m]$< 2.7$) from WISE and AKARI. We find two known Compton-thick AGN that are not included in the Swift-BAT sample, and conclude that MIR colours covering 9.7$\mu$m silicate absorption and MIR continuum can be a promising new tool to identify Compton-thick AGN.Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA

Sosyal Medyada Kişilerarası İletişimin Marka Tercihine ve Satın Almaya Etkisi

Öz: Bu çalışma sosyal medyada kişilerarası iletişimin tüketici davranışına etkisinin olup olmadığını ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamıştır. Buradan hareketle sosyal medyada bebek bezi markaları yorumları analiz edilmiş, etkileşimde bulunan profil sahipleriyle iletişime geçilmiş ve tartışılan markalara yönelik algıları incelenmiştir. Son aşamada ise marka tercihleri ve satın alma davranışlarının bu yorumlardan nasıl etkilendiği değerlendirmek için görüşme yöntemi ile veriler toplanmıştır. Çalışma, sosyal medyada kişilerarası iletişimin marka tercihlerini nasıl etkilediği ve tüketicilerin satın alma davranışlarında belirleyici bir rol oynayıp oynamadığı sorularına ışık tutmayı hedeflemektedir. Araştırma sonuçları sosyal medyada kişilerarası iletişimin marka tercihini oldukça kuvvetli bir şekilde etkilediğini göstermiştir. Aynı zamanda bu etki, kendisini satın alma davranışında da göstermektedir.  </p

Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis After Oral Therapy With Herbal Extracts: A Case Report

Background: Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a rare demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, commonly attributed to infections or vaccinations. Toxic or allergenic compounds can also trigger a response in the immune system and may cause demyelination. We present a case with ADEM after using oral herbal medications. Case Report: A 25 year-old male developed bilateral central facial palsy and severe quadriparesis after taking herbal drugs (containing echinacea and many other herbal ingredients) for two weeks. He had used the extract to increase his potency and reproductivity. He had no past history of recent immunization or viral infection. The clinical findings, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were compatible with ADEM. The neurological findings were improved after seven doses of pulse methylprednisolone treatment. To our knowledge, this is the third report in the literature that links herbal therapy and demyelinating disease. Conclusion: Most of the ADEM cases related to herbal therapy in the literature similarly used echinacea. It is our opinion that other ingredients of the herbal extract used by our case, besides echinacea, could have the potential to cause a trigger in the immune system. Further studies are needed to clarify the immunological effects of different kinds of herbal compounds, as well as the effects of different parts of the plants and the results of various dosages. Moreover, ingredients should also be tested for toxicity, adverse effects and drug interactions.WoSScopu

Progressive Onset Multiple Sclerosis: Demographic, Clinical And Laboratory Characteristics Of Patients With And Without Relapses In The Course

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Cerebrospinal Fluid Oligoclonal Banding Patterns And Intrathecal Immunoglobulin Synthesis: Data Comparison From A Wide Patient Group

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate laboratory oligoclonal band (OCB) patterns together with related IgG results and compare these results with data obtained through final clinical diagnosis. Also, to evaluate electrophoretic patterns based on reibergrams and the diagnostic value of OCBs in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Patients were grouped based on their diagnosis. Six classic patterns were determined. Oligoclonal band patterns and related IgG results were evaluated and these results were later compared with final clinical diagnoses. Results: A total of 1022 patients with known diagnoses were studied. Electrophoretic patterns and band counting based on Reibergram depictions were significantly different among patients with MS and other neurologic diseases. For all patients with MS, the OCB band positivity rate was 82.4%. Additionally, in the MS group, a significantly higher percentage (36.60%) of OCB positivity with more than 10 bands was detected. When reibergram results in the intrathecal IgG synthesis area and OCB counts (>10) were evaluated together, the diagnostic sensitivity (37%) and specificity (95%) were increased. Conclusion: OCB positivity, band counts, and Reibergram depictions contribute further to the diagnosis of ms when performed together for the neurologic diseases spectrum. OCB count, IgG index values, and Reibergram depictions should all be included in cerebrospinal fluid electrophoresis reports. The combined use of several laboratory test results are expected to provide valuable input for differential diagnosis of neurologic diseases.WoSScopu

Comparing Routine Neurorehabilitation Program With Trunk Exercises Based On Bobath Concept In Multiple Sclerosis: Pilot Study

This study compared trunk exercises based on the Bobath concept with routine neurorehabilitation approaches in multiple sclerosis (MS). Bobath and routine neurorehabilitation exercises groups were evaluated. MS cases were divided into two groups. Both groups joined a 3 d/wk rehabilitation program for 8 wk. The experimental group perfolined trunk exercises based on the Bobath concept, and the control group performed routine neurorehabilitation exercises. Additionally, both groups performed balance and coordination exercises. All patients were evaluated with the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS), and Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC) before and after the physiotherapy program. In group analysis, TIS, BBS, ICARS, and MSFC scores and strength of abdominal muscles were significantly different after treatment in both groups (p 0.05). Although trunk exercises based on the Bobath concept are rarely applied in MS rehabilitation, the results of this study show that they are as effective as routine neurorehabilitation exercises. Therefore, trunk exercises based on the Bobath concept can be beneficial in MS rehabilitation programs.WoSScopu