Modelování asynchnie v systému mluvící hlavy

V tomto článku je navržen systém audiovizuální syntézy řeči obsahující modelování asynchronie mezi zvukovou a vizuální modalitou řeči. Studie reálných nahrávek obsažených v řečových databázích nám poskytují požadované údaje k pochopení problému modalit asynchronie, která je částečně způsobena koartikulací. Byl vypracován soubor kontextově závislých pravidel časování a doporučení zajišťující synchronizaci zvukové a vizuální řeči tak, že animace mluvící hlavy je více přirozená. Kognitivní ohodnocení systému mluvící hlavy, který je nastaven pro Ruštinu a implementující původní model asynchronie, ukazuje vysokou srozumitelnost a přirozenost syntetizované audiovizuální řeči.An audio-visual speech synthesis system with modeling of asynchrony between auditory and visual speech modalities is proposed in the paper. Corpus-based study of real recordings gave us the required data for understanding the problem of modalities asynchrony that is partially caused by the coarticulationphenomena. A set of context-dependent timing rules and recommendations was elaborated in order to make a synchronization of auditory and visual speech cues of the animated talking head similar to a natural humanlike way. The cognitive evaluation of the model-based talking head for Russian with implementation of the original asynchrony model has shown high intelligibility and naturalness of audio-visual synthesized speech

Solar Weather Event Modelling and Prediction

Key drivers of solar weather and mid-term solar weather are reviewed by considering a selection of relevant physics- and statistics-based scientific models as well as aselection of related prediction models, in order to provide an updated operational scenario for space weather applications. The characteristics and outcomes of the considered scientific and prediction models indicate that they only partially cope with the complex nature of solar activity for the lack of a detailed knowledge of the underlying physics. This is indicated by the fact that, on one hand, scientific models based on chaos theory and non-linear dynamics reproduce better the observed features, and, on the other hand, that prediction models based on statistics and artificial neural networks perform better. To date, the solar weather prediction success at most time and spatial scales is far from being satisfactory, but the forthcoming ground- and space-based high-resolution observations can add fundamental tiles to the modelling and predicting frameworks as well as the application of advanced mathematical approaches in the analysis of diachronic solar observations, that are a must to provide comprehensive and homogeneous data sets.peerReviewe