El narcoperiodismo de García Márquez: uma análise dos aspectos da narcoliteratura no livro-reportagem Notícia de um sequestro

Desde os anos 1970, a cobertura da mídia tradicional sobre o narcotráfico caracterizou-se pela superficialidade de suas narrativas cujo processo impossibilita a profundidade de análise. Porém, alguns repórteres foram bem-sucedidos ao aproximar o narcotráfico e o jornalismo literário, rompendo com essa barreira limitante, principalmente, a partir da produção de livros-reportagem. O tema influenciou a literatura do continente (originando termos como narcoliteratura, narconarrativa e narcocultura), bem como o contexto do tráfico de drogas proporcionou a produção editorial de obras de não ficção, a partir dos final dos anos 80, atingindo o ápice nos anos 90 e 2000. Desta forma, este artigo discute o papel do livro-reportagem para a produção cultural da narcoliteratura, a partir de uma análise de seus aspectos dentro da obra jornalística Notícia de um sequestro (1996), de Gabriel García Márquez. O artigo está apoiado nos conceitos de livro-reportagem, de Edvaldo Pereira Lima e nas discussões sobre narcocultura, de Omar Rincón e de Diana Palaversich

Artificial intelligence for diagnosis and Gleason grading of prostate cancer: The PANDA challenge

Through a community-driven competition, the PANDA challenge provides a curated diverse dataset and a catalog of models for prostate cancer pathology, and represents a blueprint for evaluating AI algorithms in digital pathology. Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise for diagnosing prostate cancer in biopsies. However, results have been limited to individual studies, lacking validation in multinational settings. Competitions have been shown to be accelerators for medical imaging innovations, but their impact is hindered by lack of reproducibility and independent validation. With this in mind, we organized the PANDA challenge-the largest histopathology competition to date, joined by 1,290 developers-to catalyze development of reproducible AI algorithms for Gleason grading using 10,616 digitized prostate biopsies. We validated that a diverse set of submitted algorithms reached pathologist-level performance on independent cross-continental cohorts, fully blinded to the algorithm developers. On United States and European external validation sets, the algorithms achieved agreements of 0.862 (quadratically weighted kappa, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.840-0.884) and 0.868 (95% CI, 0.835-0.900) with expert uropathologists. Successful generalization across different patient populations, laboratories and reference standards, achieved by a variety of algorithmic approaches, warrants evaluating AI-based Gleason grading in prospective clinical trials.KWF Kankerbestrijding ; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) ; Swedish Research Council European Commission ; Swedish Cancer Society ; Swedish eScience Research Center ; Ake Wiberg Foundation ; Prostatacancerforbundet ; Academy of Finland ; Cancer Foundation Finland ; Google Incorporated ; MICCAI board challenge working group ; Verily Life Sciences ; EIT Health ; Karolinska Institutet ; MICCAI 2020 satellite event team ; ERAPerMe

Effect of electrical stimulation of receptive fields in people with lower limb amputation on variables of gait

People with amputation may perceive phantom limb sensations or pain in the amputated body part when ipsilateral body-regions are stimulated. These body-regions are called receptive fields. This study assessed whether receptive fields change in size and position over the course of one month in people with trans-tibial amputation and whether electrical stimulation of these fields in synchrony with walking affects phantom sensations and variables of gait. Thirty-one subjects participated in this study. Receptive fields were mapped seven times over a one month period. Thereafter, the effect of electrical stimulation in synchrony with walking was compared to placebo stimulation in an acute setting with a randomized, single-blind gait analysis in 18 participants. Results showed that receptive field size and position presented an adequate degree of consistency (difference in point of first response position of 4.9 ± 4.8 cm and overlap of total receptive field area of 54.3 ± 35.0 %) for future use of electrical stimulation. Gait parameters for everyday activities (speed, gait width, % stance and swing phase) as well as perception of phantom pain were not altered to a clinically relevant degree by electrical stimulation and no negative effects were reported. In conclusion: Location and size of receptive fields are consistent enough for daily electrical stimulation without laborious daily assessment. If applied acutely, no significant effect on gait or pain could be detected. However, results are promising enough to test chronic application of electrical stimulation during gait in a long-term setting

When the prey gets too big: an uncommon road accident involving a motorcyclist, a car and a bird

We present the postmortem findings of a fatal road accident involving a motorcyclist, a car, and a common buzzard. Both the motorcyclist and the bird died on the scene of the accident and were examined by postmortem full-body CT and autopsy. In addition, a facial injury of the motorcyclist was compared with the dimensions of the buzzard’s beak and claws by 3D scan technologies. Blood splatters collected on the bird’s beak, feet, and tail were examined by DNA analysis. The overall findings suggested a collision of a common buzzard with a motorcyclist in full speed, causing the motorcyclist to lose control of his vehicle and crash with an approaching car on the oncoming lane