The bitcoin : democratic money in a neoliberal economy

This article examines the bitcoin, at present the most popular cryptocurrency. The bitcoin grew on the major pillars of the neoliberal market economy, such as liberalization, deregulation and privatization. But in the end, it turned out to be a cure for the dysfunctions of the financial system, which was based on neoliberal assumptions. The difficulty in capturing the character and status of the bitcoin still makes it elusive for the existing rules of law. Some governments observe the evolution of the bitcoin market with interest; others try to work against it. All of this makes the bitcoin an intriguing subject for research. The aim of this article is to present the original assumptions of the bitcoin system; trace the reactions to the bitcoin’s emergence in virtual reality, and next on the very real financial market; and analyze the reinterpretation of the idea that underlies the creation of the cryptocurrency. This article attempts to assess the bitcoin’s potential of achieving a seemingly impregnable position on the global financial market

Membrane fatty acid composition and longevity of mammals and birds

The fatty acid composition of membrane lipids varies systematically among species in a manner that is consistent with their metabolic rate and longevity. Because the susceptibility of fatty acids to peroxidation relates directly to their extent of unsaturation, it is possible to calculate a peroxidation index (PI) for membranes through characterization of their specific fatty acid composition. Long-living mammals and birds have membrane lipids with a lower PI than shorter-living species. Bird and mammal species with the same maximum life span also have membrane lipids with essentially the same PI. Exceptionally long-living mammals and birds usually have membrane lipids high in monounsaturates, but low in polyunsaturates, with the consequence that the PI of their membrane lipids is as low as expected for their respective longevity. Longevity variation within species (whether due to calorie-restriction, extended longevity associated with specific strains, queen-worker differences in honey bees or inherited longevity differences among humans) is also associated with differences in membrane composition and PI. Membrane composition is specific for each species and PI appears to generally be resistant to dietary manipulation. It is postulated that membrane fatty acid composition is an important influence on aging and the determination of maximum life span

Ćwiczenia śródlekcyjne przy muzyce jako ważny element w kształceniu zintegrowanym

Movement is a natural need for an early school child, and sitting at the desk for a long time is detrimental both to effective teaching-learning process and to children’s health. Therefore, teachers should remember about making short intervals during the lessons – mid-lesson exercises. One of the elements of such exercises may be music, which increases the attractiveness of learning intervals. Regular mid-lesson exercises prevent the negative effects of fatigue and are important in preventing or even correcting the abnormal posture of the body taken up by the pupils who sit at the desk for a long time

Edukacja do starości w klasach IV-VI szkoły podstawowej i w gimnazjum na tle przemian demograficznych w Polsce

Edukacja w formie aktywnej, przesycona faktami z życia seniorów spowoduje zbliżenie się obu pokoleń - młodego i starego, w konsekwencji doprowadzi u adolescentów do skrystalizowania się światopoglądu i systemu wartości, a także stworzy uczniom szansę na przygotowanie się do tego etapu życia i uczyni z nich osoby wrażliwsze na potrzeby i problemy ludzi starych

Rola muzyki w stymulowaniu sprawności fizycznej uczniów klas I-III szkoły podstawowej

Music is a  very important part of humans’ life. Children are interested in music in each pe‑ riods of their life. They are prepared to take part in plays with music. That kind of activity is very important, because it stimulates not only their musical skills, personality but also physical fitness. The results of empirical research indicate that today the physical fitness of young people is low. Be‑ cause of it children have bad posture and other problems with health. This article demonstrates that teachers should inspire plays with music at school every day. It is important, because movement connected with music is both attractive and important for physical fitness, also for health of early school ‑age children. Moreover, it can be helpful in a prevention, correction of bad posture and pro‑ motion healthy life style amongst pupils

Polityka sankcji Stanów Zjednoczonych wobec Chin w latach 1950-2007

Praca recenzowana / Peer-reviewed paper Pozostałe publikacje autorki dostępne są pod nazwiskiem Bałut, MagdalenaThe article focuses on US sanctioning policy against China conducted by following administrations between 1950 and 2007. The main aims of the policy were to limit proliferation of ballistic missiles and weapons of mass destructions and to prevent human rights violations. Author presents the evolution of US sanctions policy, makes efforts to evaluate its effectiveness and points the main determinants of its success or failure

Diabetes in the context of dental treatment in an interdisciplinary approach

Instroduction:  Diabetes, including its numerous complications, is one of fundamental challenges of modern medicine. Over the years, many types of this disease have been appointed, differing in both etiological background and method of treatment. Dentists, when providing dental care to a patient burdened with diabetes, should pay special attention to the first symptoms reported by the patient as well as manifested in the oral cavity and surrounding tissues, e.g. in the form of xerostomia, hypertrophy of the salivary glands, changes on mucous membranes, impeded healing, or difficulties in combating local inflammation and infections, as well as in the form of physiological microflora disorders. Aim of the study: The aim of the study is to emphasize the need for controlling diabetes for the sake of general and oral health. Materials and methods: Our work is mainly based on the articles published in PubMed, websites or medical books. We were looking for keywords such as ‘diabetes’, ‘dental treatment’, ‘symptoms of diabetes’ or ‘oral cavity diseases’. Results: Diabetes is often manifested by changes in the oral cavity, as evidenced by numerous scientific studies presented in the bibliography. Controlling the disease helps to eliminate lowering quality-of-life general symptoms and oral lesions. Conclusions: Faced with the challenges of modern medicine, the dentist is obliged to inform the patient about the diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities of both diabetes itself and its symptoms occurring in the oral cavity and then take all steps to ensure that the patient's condition is stabilised

Imaginary and real boundaries : evolution and transgression : the change of an organizational model's paradigm based on the example of Leance : a teal organization from Krakow

The article discusses issues related to the real and imaginary limitations of the functioning of teal organizations. Both categories of boundaries are thought constructs, and the proposed distinction is determined by the process of transgression. A crossed barrier becomes an imaginary boundary, the one to be defeated remains real. The analysis of boundaries and transgression was based on the theory of psychotransgressionism by Józef Kozielecki, and the case study concerned the Krakow teal organization - Leance. The primary focus was on the area of communication, relations and interactions