The specific features of the diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease in rheumatoid arthritis (Results of the authors’ studies)

Coronary heart disease (CHD) and its complications occupy the leading place in the pattern of the causes of untimely death in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Objective: to study the incidence, pattern, and specific features of CHD in patients with RA. Patients and methods. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 257 patients with RA (ARA, 1987). The patients’ mean age was 55.4±11.6 years; RA duration was 14.7years (range 2—20 years). Results. The incidence of CHD in RA was as much as 45.9% (n = 118), including 52.5% (n = 62) for typical angina pectoris on exertion; 25.4% (n = 30) and 22.1% (n = 26) for silent ischemia and arrhythmias, respectively. A high proportion of vertebrogenic cardialgias (48.8%; n = 100) were noted in those who complained of heart pain. The authors identified traditional risk factors, such as hypertension (OR = 12.1), smoking (OR = 10.2), early menopause (OR = 3.6), decreased glomerular filtration rate (OR = 3.5), cardiovascular heredity (OR = 3.1), overweight (OR = 2.5), a heart rate of more than 70 beats/min (OR = 2.3), atherogenic dyslipidemia (OR = 2.3), hyperglycemia (OR = 2.1), and age (OR = 1.7). Along with those, the authors also ascertained CHD predictors associating with chronic inflammation consequences: use of glucocorticoids (OR = 5.0), concomitant anemia as a common complication of RA (OR = 4.7), high DAS 28 scores (OR = 3.7), visual analog scale pain scores of > 50 mm (OR = 2.6), and RA duration of >10 years (OR = 2.2). Conclusion. The specific features of CHD in RA include the frequent detection of arrhythmias and silent ischemia. The importance of the degree of inflammatory activity along with the traditional risk factors of CHD is apparent

Особенности диагностики и лечения ишемической болезни сердца при ревматоидном артрите (результаты собственных исследований)

Coronary heart disease (CHD) and its complications occupy the leading place in the pattern of the causes of untimely death in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Objective: to study the incidence, pattern, and specific features of CHD in patients with RA. Patients and methods. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in 257 patients with RA (ARA, 1987). The patients’ mean age was 55.4±11.6 years; RA duration was 14.7years (range 2—20 years). Results. The incidence of CHD in RA was as much as 45.9% (n = 118), including 52.5% (n = 62) for typical angina pectoris on exertion; 25.4% (n = 30) and 22.1% (n = 26) for silent ischemia and arrhythmias, respectively. A high proportion of vertebrogenic cardialgias (48.8%; n = 100) were noted in those who complained of heart pain. The authors identified traditional risk factors, such as hypertension (OR = 12.1), smoking (OR = 10.2), early menopause (OR = 3.6), decreased glomerular filtration rate (OR = 3.5), cardiovascular heredity (OR = 3.1), overweight (OR = 2.5), a heart rate of more than 70 beats/min (OR = 2.3), atherogenic dyslipidemia (OR = 2.3), hyperglycemia (OR = 2.1), and age (OR = 1.7). Along with those, the authors also ascertained CHD predictors associating with chronic inflammation consequences: use of glucocorticoids (OR = 5.0), concomitant anemia as a common complication of RA (OR = 4.7), high DAS 28 scores (OR = 3.7), visual analog scale pain scores of > 50 mm (OR = 2.6), and RA duration of >10 years (OR = 2.2). Conclusion. The specific features of CHD in RA include the frequent detection of arrhythmias and silent ischemia. The importance of the degree of inflammatory activity along with the traditional risk factors of CHD is apparent.В структуре причин преждевременной смертности при ревматоидном артрите (РА) ведущее место занимают ишемическая болезнь сердца (ИБС) и ее осложнения. Цель исследования — изучение частоты, структуры и особенностей течения ИБС у больных РА. Пациенты и методы. Проведено аналитическое одномоментное поперечное исследование 257 пациентов с РА (ARA, 1987). Средний возраст больных составил 55,4+11,6 года, продолжительность РА — 14,7(2; 20) года. Результаты исследования. Частота ИБС при РА достигала 45,9% (n=118), в том числе типичной стенокардии напряжения — 52,5% (n=62), безболевой ишемии и нарушений ритма — 25,4% (n=30) и 22,1% (n=26) соответственно. Отмечен высокий удельный вес вертеброгенных кардиалгий (48,8%; n=100) у предъявлявших жалобы на боли в области сердца. Выявлены традиционные факторы риска, такие как артериальная гипертензия (ОР — 12,1), курение (ОР — 10,2), ранняя менопауза (ОР — 3,6), снижение скорости клубочковой фильтрации (ОР — 3,5), наследственность по сердечно-сосудистым заболеваниям (ОР — 3,1), избыточная масса тела (ОР — 2,5), частота сердечных сокращений — более 70 уд/мин (ОР — 2,3), атерогенные дислипидемии (ОР — 2,3), гипергликемия (ОР — 2,1) и возраст (ОР — 1,7). Наряду с ними установлены предикторы ИБС, ассоциирующиеся с последствиями хронического воспаления — прием глюкокортикоидов (ОР — 5,0), сопутствующая анемия как частое осложнение РА (ОР — 4,7), высокая активность РА по DAS 28 (ОР — 3,7), ВАШ боли >50 мм (ОР — 2,6) и давность >10 лет (ОР — 2,2). Выводы. К особенностям течения ИБС при РА относится частое выявление нарушений ритма и безболевой ишемии. Наряду с традиционными факторами риска ИБС очевидно значение степени активности воспаления

SPECIFIC TRAITS OF TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS IN ZABAYKALSKY KRAI

We conducted regionalization of Zabaykalsky Krai by the quantity of epidemic manifestations of tick-borne viral encephalitis over a period of 10years. The most adverse territories in the context of tick-borne viral encephalitis were determined. Maximum duration of seasonal incidence rate was 112 days -from the end of April to the mid-August. The categories of population included in infection contamination risk group were revealed. The researches promote forehanded development of the complex of preventive measures aimed at the decrease of tick- borne viral encephalitis incidence rate in Zabaykalsky Krai

Clinical-Epidemiological Peculiarities of the Tick-Borne Borrelioses Registered in the Trans-Baikal Territory

Complex analysis of the data on epidemiology and clinical picture of the tick-borne borrelioses in the territory of the Trans-Baikal Region over the last decade since 2003 to 2012 has demonstrated that there is a distinct upward tendency as concerns its morbidity rates. Spotted have been the potentially hazardous, as regards the infection, areas. Highest incidence rates are registered between May-July among adult men, and erythema form of the disease prevails. Based on the results of molecular-genetic investigation of Ixodidae ticks, for the first time ever in the territory of the Dul’durginsk Region identified has been circulation of Borrelia garinii , and B. afzelii , pathogenic for humans bacterial species of Borrelia genus

Velocity-space sensitivity of the time-of-flight neutron spectrometer at JET

The velocity-space sensitivities of fast-ion diagnostics are often described by so-called weight functions. Recently, we formulated weight functions showing the velocity-space sensitivity of the often dominant beam-target part of neutron energy spectra. These weight functions for neutron emission spectrometry (NES) are independent of the particular NES diagnostic. Here we apply these NES weight functions to the time-of-flight spectrometer TOFOR at JET. By taking the instrumental response function of TOFOR into account, we calculate time-of-flight NES weight functions that enable us to directly determine the velocity-space sensitivity of a given part of a measured time-of-flight spectrum from TOFOR

Relationship of edge localized mode burst times with divertor flux loop signal phase in JET

A phase relationship is identified between sequential edge localized modes (ELMs) occurrence times in a set of H-mode tokamak plasmas to the voltage measured in full flux azimuthal loops in the divertor region. We focus on plasmas in the Joint European Torus where a steady H-mode is sustained over several seconds, during which ELMs are observed in the Be II emission at the divertor. The ELMs analysed arise from intrinsic ELMing, in that there is no deliberate intent to control the ELMing process by external means. We use ELM timings derived from the Be II signal to perform direct time domain analysis of the full flux loop VLD2 and VLD3 signals, which provide a high cadence global measurement proportional to the voltage induced by changes in poloidal magnetic flux. Specifically, we examine how the time interval between pairs of successive ELMs is linked to the time-evolving phase of the full flux loop signals. Each ELM produces a clear early pulse in the full flux loop signals, whose peak time is used to condition our analysis. The arrival time of the following ELM, relative to this pulse, is found to fall into one of two categories: (i) prompt ELMs, which are directly paced by the initial response seen in the flux loop signals; and (ii) all other ELMs, which occur after the initial response of the full flux loop signals has decayed in amplitude. The times at which ELMs in category (ii) occur, relative to the first ELM of the pair, are clustered at times when the instantaneous phase of the full flux loop signal is close to its value at the time of the first ELM

THE USAGE OF VELOERGOMETRY TRAINING IN THE MODE OF FREE SELECTION OF PHYSICAL STRESS PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH ARRHYTHMIAS

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of physical stress in the «free selection mode» on the dynamics of heart rhythm disturbances, its variability and myocardial ischemia parameters in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) on the stage of rehabilitation in special facilities. 75 patients admitted to the facility for rehabilitation treatment on days 19-38 following acute MI have been studied, divided into 2 groups: the basic one, with patients using veloergometry training with the mode of free selection of stress parameters; and the comparison group using no veloergometry training in treatment. All patients underwent physical rehabilitation programme, dose-adjusted walking, climbing stairs, physical training. Upon admission and at the discharge from the facility patients underwent 24-hours Hotter ECG monitoring. The inclusion of veloergometry training with the mode of free selection of stress parameters in the special facilities rehabilitation complex promotes restoration of vegetative balance and increases activity of parasympathetic autonomous nervous system, exerting protective action and increasing myocardial electrical stability, veloergometry training with the mode of free selection of stress parameters have been established to exert antiarrhythmic influence, decrease the prevalence of potentially hazardous high grade ventricular premature beats, decrease myocardial ischemia

Experience of using sibutramine in combination with microcrystalline cellulose in clinical practice

For many years, interest in the issue of obesity has not faded, as obesity is now one of the most common pathologies in the world that directly affects quality of life and lifespan. Even a slight weight loss (5-10% of baseline values) in obese patients is known to improve metabolism and reduce the risk of a range of comorbidities. The article reflects the importance of comprehensive treatment of obesity, presents positive experience of using Reduxin (sibutramine in combination with microcrystalline cellulose) to reduce body weight and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a specific clinical example in a patient with exogenous-constitutional obesity and eating disorders. The case of obesity in a young man of 24 years old is presented, when other components of the metabolic syndrome (except for arterial hypertension) were not formed. Thus, following the results of 24-week complex treatment, clinically significant reduction of body weight (by 21.7% of initial values) was observed in the patient. The data of psychological researches have shown that the patient has no increase of anxiety and depression level during treatment, but at the same time the indicators of quality of life according to the results of health questionnaire testing have improved. This clinical case corresponds to the results of the PrimaVera program and demonstrates that weight loss during sibutramine therapy in combination with microcrystalline cellulose has a positive impact on the overall health and emotional status of patients and leads to improved quality of life. Therefore, successful treatment of obesity and the maintenance of other outcomes are key to preventing cardiovascular disease

Sitagliptin: the world’s first DPP-4 inhibitor

The prevalence of T2D is steadily increasing annually, which resulted in an active search for a way to control the disease. The last decade has seen a rise in the number of new groups of glucose-lowering drugs, which not only proved effective in the management of hyperglycemia and safe against hypoglycemia, but also joined the ranks of the drugs of the first-line therapy. Among them is incretin-active agents - type 4 dipeptidyl peptidases inhibitors (IDPP-4, glyptines). Sitagliptin was the world's first approved IDPP-4, and began to be used successfully in Russia since 2007. The review presents data on the efficacy, safety (including cardiac safety) of sitagliptin use and accumulated experience of its use in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes