Overview of the VLSP 2022 -- Abmusu Shared Task: A Data Challenge for Vietnamese Abstractive Multi-document Summarization

This paper reports the overview of the VLSP 2022 - Vietnamese abstractive multi-document summarization (Abmusu) shared task for Vietnamese News. This task is hosted at the 9$^{th}$ annual workshop on Vietnamese Language and Speech Processing (VLSP 2022). The goal of Abmusu shared task is to develop summarization systems that could create abstractive summaries automatically for a set of documents on a topic. The model input is multiple news documents on the same topic, and the corresponding output is a related abstractive summary. In the scope of Abmusu shared task, we only focus on Vietnamese news summarization and build a human-annotated dataset of 1,839 documents in 600 clusters, collected from Vietnamese news in 8 categories. Participated models are evaluated and ranked in terms of \texttt{ROUGE2-F1} score, the most typical evaluation metric for document summarization problem.Comment: VLSP 202

Using QALYs as an outcome for assessing global prediction accuracy in diabetes simulation models

Objectives: (1) To demonstrate the use of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) as an outcome measure for comparing performance between simulation models and identifying the most accurate model for economic evaluation and health technology assessment. QALYs relate directly to decision-making and combine mortality and diverse clinical events into a single measure using evidence-based weights that reflect population preferences. (2) To explore the usefulness of Q2 (Q-squared), the proportional reduction in error, as a model performance metric and compare it with other metrics: MSE; mean absolute error; bias (mean residual); and R2. Methods: We simulated all EXSCEL trial participants (n=14,729) using the UK Prospective Diabetes Study Outcomes Model software versions 1 (UKPDS-OM1) and 2 (UKPDS-OM2). The EXSCEL trial compared once-weekly exenatide with placebo (median 3.2 years’ follow-up). Default UKPDS-OM2 utilities were used to estimate undiscounted QALYs over the trial period based on the observed events and survival. These were compared with the QALYs predicted by UKPDS-OM1/2 for the same period. Results: UKPDS-OM2 predicted patients’ QALYs more accurately than UKPDS-OM1 (MSE: 0.210 vs. 0.253; Q2: 0.822 vs. 0.786). UKPDS-OM2 underestimated QALYs by an average of 0.127, vs. 0.150 for UKPDS-OM1. UKPDS-OM2 predictions were more accurate for mortality, myocardial infarction and stroke, while UKPDS-OM1 better predicted blindness and heart disease. Q2 facilitated comparisons between subgroups and (unlike R2) was lower for biased predictors. Conclusions: Q2 for QALYs was useful for comparing global prediction accuracy (across all clinical events) of diabetes models. It could be used for model registries, choosing between simulation models for economic evaluation and evaluating the impact of recalibration. Similar methods could be used in other disease areas

How to select the right cost-effectiveness model?

Objective: In the current study, we propose an approach for selection of a model that is transferable to a specific decision-making context (in this case, the Netherlands), using the case of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objectives of this study were (a) to perform a systematic literature review to identify existing health economic evaluation models for economic evaluation of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in RA; and (b) to test the appropriateness of a stepwise model-selection process. Methods: First, we searched Medline and Embase to identify relevant studies in the English language, published between 1 January 2002 and 31 August 2012. From the included studies, all unique models were identified. Second, we applied a multi-step approach to model selection. Models that did not meet all minimal methodological and structural requirements based on the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) criteria were excluded. Next, models were assessed on the basis of their fit when transferred to the Dutch health care setting. The criteria for model fit were transferability factors, as published by Welte et al., after exclusion of those that were deemed transferable by simple adaptation. Finally, the remaining models underwent a general quality check using the Philips checklist. Models showing good fit and high quality were considered to be transferable to the Dutch health care setting, using simple adaptation. Results: The systematic literature search identified 498 articles, which included 33 unique health economic evaluation models. O

ADI method based on C2-continuous two-node integrated-RBF elements for viscous flows

We propose a C2-continuous alternating direction implicit (ADI) method for the solution of the streamfunction-vorticity equations governing steady 2D incompressible viscous fluid flows. Discretisation is simply achieved with Cartesian grids. Local two-node integrated radial basis function elements (IRBFEs) [D.-A. An-Vo, N. Mai-Duy, T. Tran-Cong, A C2-continuous control-volume technique based on Cartesian grids and two-node integrated-RBF elements for second-order elliptic problems, CMES: Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 72 (2011) 299-334] are used for the discretisation of the diffusion terms, and then the convection terms are incorporated into system matrices by treating nodal derivatives as unknowns. ADI procedure is applied for the time integration. Following ADI factorisation, the two-dimensional problem becomes a sequence of one-dimensional problems. The solution strategy consists of multiple use of a one-dimensional sparse matrix algorithm that helps saving the computational cost. High levels of accuracy and efficiency of the present methods are demonstrated with solutions of several benchmark problems defined on rectangular and non-rectangular domains

LAND USE CHANGE AND RELATED PROBLEMS UNDER URBANIZATION IN SUBURBAN AREA OF HANOI CITY (A CASE STUDY OF HOANG LIET COMMUNE, THANH TRI DISTRICT)

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

Development and use of prediction models for classification of cardiovascular risk of remote Indigenous Australians

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death for Indigenous Australians. There is widespread belief that current tools have deficiencies for assessing CVD risk in this high-risk population. We sought to develop a 5-year CVD risk score using a wide range of known risk factors to further improve CVD risk prediction in this population. Methods: We used clinical and demographic information on Indigenous people aged between 30 and 74 years without a history of CVD events who participated in the Well Person’s Health Check (WPHC), a community-based survey. Baseline assessments were conducted between 1998 and 2000, and data were linked to administrative hospitalisation and death records for identification of CVD events. We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate the 5-year CVD risk, and the Harrell’s c-statistic and the modified Hosmer-Lemeshow (mH-L) χ2 statistic to assess the model discrimination and calibration, respectively. Results: The study sample consisted of 1,583 individuals (48.1% male; mean age 45.0 year). The risk score consisted of sex, age, systolic blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, waist circumference, triglycerides, and albumin creatinine ratio. The bias-corrected c-statistic was 0.72 and the bias-corrected mH-L χ2 statistic was 12.01 (p-value, 0.212), indicating good discrimination and calibration, respectively. Using our risk score, the CVD risk of the Indigenous Australians could be stratified to a greater degree compared to a recalibrated Framingham risk score. Conclusions: A seven-factor risk score could satisfactorily stratify 5-year risk of CVD in an Indigenous Australian cohort. These findings inform future research targeting CVD risk in Indigenous Australians

Validation and recalibration of the Framingham cardiovascular disease risk models in an Australian Indigenous cohort: Does the current Framingham risk calculator accurately estimate true CVD risk for Indigenous Australians?

In this study, we validated both the 1991 and 2008 Framingham CVD models using a cohort of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults drawn from remote Indigenous communities in Far North Queensland. Recalibration was also conducted to help generate more accurate CVD risk predictions for this population. Finally, we developed a CVD risk chart that could help improve the assessment and management of CVD in the Australian Indigenous population, particularly those in remote regions of Australia.The research reported in this paper is a project of the Australian Primary Health Care Research Institute, which is supported by a grant from the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing under the Primary Health Care Research, Evaluation and Development Strategy

The Challenge of Transparency and Validation in Health Economic Decision Modelling:A View from Mount Hood

Transparency in health economic decision modelling is important for engendering confidence in the models and in the reliability of model-based cost-effectiveness analyses. The Mount Hood Diabetes Challenge Network has taken a lead in promoting transparency through validation with biennial conferences in which diabetes modelling groups meet to compare simulated outcomes of pre-specified scenarios often based on the results of pivotal clinical trials. Model registration is a potential method for promoting transparency, while also reducing the duplication of effort. An important network initiative is the ongoing construction of a diabetes model registry (https://www.mthooddiabeteschallenge.com). Following the 2012 International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research and the Society of Medical Decision Making (ISPOR-SMDM) guidelines, we recommend that modelling groups provide technical and non-technical documentation sufficient to enable model reproduction, but not necessarily provide the model code. We also request that modelling groups upload documentation on the methods and outcomes of validation efforts, and run reference case simulations so that model outcomes can be compared. In this paper, we discuss conflicting definitions of transparency in health economic modelling, and describe the ongoing development of a registry of economic models for diabetes through the Mount Hood Diabetes Challenge Network, its objectives and potential further developments, and highlight the challenges in its construction and maintenance. The support of key stakeholders such as decision-making bodies and journals is key to ensuring the success of this and other registries. In the absence of public funding, the development of a network of modellers is of huge value in enhancing transparency, whether through registries or other means