Italian consensus conference on guidelines for conservative treatment on lower limb muscle injuries in athlete.

Provide the state of the art concerning (1) biology and aetiology, (2) classification, (3) clinical assessment and (4) conservative treatment of lower limb muscle injuries (MI) in athletes. Seventy international experts with different medical backgrounds participated in the consensus conference. They discussed and approved a consensus composed of four sections which are presented in these documents. This paper represents a synthesis of the consensus conference, the following four sections are discussed: (i) The biology and aetiology of MIs. A definition of MI was formulated and some key points concerning physiology and pathogenesis of MIs were discussed. (ii) The MI classification. A classification of MIs was proposed. (iii) The MI clinical assessment, in which were discussed anamnesis, inspection and clinical examination and are provided the relative guidelines. (iv) The MI conservative treatment, in which are provided the guidelines for conservative treatment based on the severity of the lesion. Furthermore, instrumental therapy and pharmacological treatment were discussed. Knowledge of the aetiology and biology of MIs is an essential prerequisite in order to plan and conduct a rehabilitation plan. Another important aspect is the use of a rational MI classification on prognostic values. We propose a classification based on radiological investigations performed by ultrasonography and MRI strongly linked to prognostic factors. Furthermore, the consensus conference results will able to provide fundamental guidelines for diagnostic and rehabilitation practice, also considering instrumental therapy and pharmacological treatment of MI. Expert opinion, level IV

Italian consensus conference on guidelines for conservative treatment on lower limb muscle injuries in athlete

Provide the state of the art concerning (1) biology and aetiology, (2) classification, (3) clinical assessment and (4) conservative treatment of lower limb muscle injuries (MI) in athletes. Seventy international experts with different medical backgrounds participated in the consensus conference. They discussed and approved a consensus composed of four sections which are presented in these documents. This paper represents a synthesis of the consensus conference, the following four sections are discussed: (i) The biology and aetiology of MIs. A definition of MI was formulated and some key points concerning physiology and pathogenesis of MIs were discussed. (ii) The MI classification. A classification of MIs was proposed. (iii) The MI clinical assessment, in which were discussed anamnesis, inspection and clinical examination and are provided the relative guidelines. (iv) The MI conservative treatment, in which are provided the guidelines for conservative treatment based on the severity of the lesion. Furthermore, instrumental therapy and pharmacological treatment were discussed. Knowledge of the aetiology and biology of MIs is an essential prerequisite in order to plan and conduct a rehabilitation plan. Another important aspect is the use of a rational MI classification on prognostic values. We propose a classification based on radiological investigations performed by ultrasonography and MRI strongly linked to prognostic factors. Furthermore, the consensus conference results will able to provide fundamental guidelines for diagnostic and rehabilitation practice, also considering instrumental therapy and pharmacological treatment of MI. Expert opinion, level IV

Mental health states experienced by perinatal healthcare workers during covid-19 pandemic in italy

Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on mental health status in a variety of populations. Methods: An online non-probability sample survey was used to assess psychological distress symptoms and burnout among perinatal healthcare professionals (PHPs) during the pandemic in Italy. The questionnaire included the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Demographic and occupational factors associated with stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms were analyzed. Results: The sample size was 195. The estimated self-reported rates of moderate to severe anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and perceived stress levels were 18.7, 18.7, and 21.5%, respectively. Furthermore, 6.2% of respondents reported burnout. One factor associated with all three self-reported psychological distress issues was suffering from trauma unrelated to the pandemic (aOR: 7.34, 95% CI: 2.73–20.28 for depression; aOR: 6.13, 95% CI: 2.28–16.73 for anxiety; aOR: 3.20, 95% CI: 1.14–8.88 for stress). Compared to physicians, psychologists had lower odds of developing clinically significant depressive symptoms (aOR: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.04–0.94) and high stress levels (aOR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.04–0.80). Conclusions: High rates of self-reported symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as perceived stress, among PHPs were reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health authorities should implement and integrate timely and regular evidence-based assessment of psychological distress targeting PHPs in their work plans

Pilot study for home monitoring of cough capacity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A case series

Background: Cough capacity derangement is associated with a high risk of pulmonary complications in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients when cough assistance is not routinely performed at home. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a longâterm home based daily selfâmonitoring cough capacity. Methods: Eighteen subjects were enrolled in a 9âmonth study at home. Changes in peak cough expiratory flow, oxygen saturation, respiratory discomfort and incidence of respiratory deterioration events were evaluated. In subjects presenting respiratory deterioration events, decline in the abovementioned respiratory variables was evaluated (#NCT00613899). Results: During an average followâup of 125 ± 102 days, a total of 1175 measures were performed on 12 subjects. Mean compliance to proposed evaluations was 37 ± 32% which worsened over time. Peak cough expiratory flow decreased by 15.08 ± 32.43 L/min monthly. Five subjects reported 6 episodes of respiratory deterioration events, after a mean period of 136 ± 108 days. They had poor respiratory function and more years of disease. There was no difference in peak cough expiratory flow and its decline whether subjects presented respiratory deterioration events or not. In 4 subjects the respiratory discomfort score significantly worsened after respiratory deterioration events from 3.0 ± 1.41 to 4.25 ± 1.71. Conclusion: Daily selfâmonitoring of peak cough expiratory flow, oxygen saturation and respiratory discomfort seems difficult to obtain because of poor adherence to measures; this protocol does not seem to add anything to current practice of advising on clinical derangements. Confirmatory larger studies are necessary. Resumo: Antecedentes: A disfunção na capacidade de tosse está associada a um elevado risco de complicações pulmonares nos doentes com esclerose lateral amiotrófica, quando a sua monitorização não é realizada rotineiramente no domicílio. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi avaliar a viabilidade de uma automonitorização domiciliária diária da capacidade da tosse, a longo prazo. Métodos: Dezoito doentes foram incluídos num estudo com duração de 9 meses, realizado no domicílio. Foram avaliadas as alterações do débito expiratório máximo da tosse, a saturação de oxigénio, o desconforto respiratório e a incidência de eventos de deterioração respiratória. Em doentes que apresentavam eventos de deterioração respiratória, foi avaliada a diminuição nas variáveis respiratórias supracitadas (#NCT00613899). Resultados: Durante um acompanhamento médio de 125 ± 102 dias, foram realizadas um total de 1.175 medições em 12 doentes. A média de cumprimento para as avaliações propostas foi de 37 ± 32%, e piorou ao longo do tempo. O débito expiratório máximo da tosse diminuíu em 15,08 ± 32,43 L/min mensalmente. Cinco doentes relataram 6 episódios de eventos de deterioração respiratória, após um período médio de 136 ± 108 dias. Tinham uma função respiratória mais alterada e mais anos de doença. Não existia diferença no débito expiratório máximo da tosse e na sua diminuição, quer os sujeitos apresentassem eventos de deterioração respiratória ou não. Em 4 doentes o resultado de desconforto respiratório piorou significativamente após os eventos de deterioração respiratória, de 3,0 ± 1,41 para 4,25 ± 1,71. Conclusão: A auto monitorização diária diária do débito expiratório máximo da tosse, da saturação de oxigénio e do desconforto respiratório parecem difíceis de obter devido à fraca adesão a sua determinação; este protocolo parece nada acrescentar à prática atual de aconselhamento sobre os distúrbios clínicos. à no entanto necessária a confirmação deste resultado em estudos posteriores com amostras de maior dimensão. Keywords: Neuromuscular diseases, Pulmonary function tests, Home care services, Cough, Home monitoring, Respiratory tract infections, Palavrasâchave: Doenças neuromusculares, Testes de função pulmonar, Serviços de cuidados domiciliários, Tosse, Monitorização doméstica, Infecções das vias respiratória

Pilot study for home monitoring of cough capacity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A case series

Background: Cough capacity derangement is associated with a high risk of pulmonary complications in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients when cough assistance is not routinely performed at home. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a long-term home based daily self-monitoring cough capacity. Methods: Eighteen subjects were enrolled in a 9-month study at home. Changes in peak cough expiratory flow, oxygen saturation, respiratory discomfort and incidence of respiratory deterioration events were evaluated. In subjects presenting respiratory deterioration events, decline in the abovementioned respiratory variables was evaluated (#NCT00613899). Results: During an average follow-up of 125 ± 102 days, a total of 1175 measures were performed on 12 subjects. Mean compliance to proposed evaluations was 37 ± 32% which worsened over time. Peak cough expiratory flow decreased by 15.08 ± 32.43 L/min monthly. Five subjects reported 6 episodes of respiratory deterioration events, after a mean period of 136 ± 108 days. They had poor respiratory function and more years of disease. There was no difference in peak cough expiratory flow and its decline whether subjects presented respiratory deterioration events or not. In 4 subjects the respiratory discomfort score significantly worsened after respiratory deterioration events from 3.0 ± 1.41 to 4.25 ± 1.71. Conclusion: Daily self-monitoring of peak cough expiratory flow, oxygen saturation and respiratory discomfort seems difficult to obtain because of poor adherence to measures; this protocol does not seem to add anything to current practice of advising on clinical derangements. Confirmatory larger studies are necessary. Resumo: Antecedentes: A disfunção na capacidade de tosse está associada a um elevado risco de complicações pulmonares nos doentes com esclerose lateral amiotrófica, quando a sua monitorização não é realizada rotineiramente no domicílio. O objetivo principal deste estudo foi avaliar a viabilidade de uma automonitorização domiciliária diária da capacidade da tosse, a longo prazo. Métodos: Dezoito doentes foram incluídos num estudo com duração de 9 meses, realizado no domicílio. Foram avaliadas as alterações do débito expiratório máximo da tosse, a saturação de oxigénio, o desconforto respiratório e a incidência de eventos de deterioração respiratória. Em doentes que apresentavam eventos de deterioração respiratória, foi avaliada a diminuição nas variáveis respiratórias supracitadas (#NCT00613899). Resultados: Durante um acompanhamento médio de 125 ± 102 dias, foram realizadas um total de 1.175 medições em 12 doentes. A média de cumprimento para as avaliações propostas foi de 37 ± 32%, e piorou ao longo do tempo. O débito expiratório máximo da tosse diminuíu em 15,08 ± 32,43 L/min mensalmente. Cinco doentes relataram 6 episódios de eventos de deterioração respiratória, após um período médio de 136 ± 108 dias. Tinham uma função respiratória mais alterada e mais anos de doença. Não existia diferença no débito expiratório máximo da tosse e na sua diminuição, quer os sujeitos apresentassem eventos de deterioração respiratória ou não. Em 4 doentes o resultado de desconforto respiratório piorou significativamente após os eventos de deterioração respiratória, de 3,0 ± 1,41 para 4,25 ± 1,71. Conclusão: A auto monitorização diária diária do débito expiratório máximo da tosse, da saturação de oxigénio e do desconforto respiratório parecem difíceis de obter devido à fraca adesão a sua determinação; este protocolo parece nada acrescentar à prática atual de aconselhamento sobre os distúrbios clínicos. É no entanto necessária a confirmação deste resultado em estudos posteriores com amostras de maior dimensão. Keywords: Neuromuscular diseases, Pulmonary function tests, Home care services, Cough, Home monitoring, Respiratory tract infections, Palavras-chave: Doenças neuromusculares, Testes de função pulmonar, Serviços de cuidados domiciliários, Tosse, Monitorização doméstica, Infecções das vias respiratória

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) confirmed by PCR-Southern blot and sequencing analysis in a woman with tropical spastic paraparesis.

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is a human retrovirus and the aetiological agent of a progressive neurological disease called tropical spastic paraparesis/ HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (TSP/HAM), as confirmed by evidence accumulated in HTLV-I seroprevalence studies. TSP/HAM is rarely diagnosed in Italy, given the low prevalence of HTLV-I in the population. TSP/HAM begins insidiously in the fourth decade, mainly with spastic paraparesis of the lower extremities and positive Babinski reflex, as well as interfering with bowel and bladder functions. In this study we report the clinical, virological and haemato chemical data of a 54-year-old woman, born in the Ivory Cost, with symptoms suggestive of TSP. The presence of HTLV-I infection was demonstrated by the detection of antibodies in serum and in cerebrospinal fluid by immunoenzymatic assay and Western blot analysis. In addition, viral isolation was carried out in peripheral blood cells, and the presence of HTLV-I proviral DNA was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction/Southern blot and sequencing analysis. According to our results, HTLV-I testing might be useful when TSP/HAM is suspected