Tumor-to-Tumor Metastasis to Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma: A First Report

Tumor-to-tumor metastasis is a rare phenomenon. From our review of the international literature, around 150 cases have been reported since it was first documented by Campbel in 1868. Renal clear cell carcinoma is well known to be the most common recipient of tumor-to-tumor metastasis in all tumors. However, renal chromophobe cell carcinoma has not been reported to be a recipient. Here, we report a first case of colorectal carcinoma metastatic to chromophobe renal cell carcinoma

Numerical estimation of a tsunami source at the flexural area of Kuril and Japan Trenches in the fifteenth to seventeenth century based on paleotsunami deposit distributions in northern Japan

Paleotsunami deposit investigations and numerical tsunami computations have been performed to elucidate the source and size of large tsunamis along the Kuril to Japan Trenches, particularly for unusual tsunamis that occurred in the seventeenth century, the 1611 CE Keicho tsunami (M 8.1) along the Japan Trench and seventeenth-century tsunami (> Mw 8.8) along the Kuril Trench, which caused serious damages on the coastal residents and environments. Moreover, several paleotsunami deposits dating from the thirteenth to eighteenth centuries have been reported along the area between the Kuril and Japan subduction zones, but their sources have not been clarified. In this study, we estimated the tsunami sources from numerical simulations using the distribution of fifteenth- to seventeenth-century tsunami deposits at Sekinehama along the coast of the Shimokita Peninsula. Based on numerical simulations with previously proposed fault models, the tsunami deposits showing similar ages at Sekinehama and another site on the coast of Shimokita Peninsula, which are within 50 km apart, could not be explained except with the huge earthquake models (> Mw 9.1), whose rupture zones extend to not only the Kuril or Japan Trenches but also their flexural area. Thus, we modified or newly proposed twelve fault models located in the flexural area between the two trenches to explain tsunami deposits possibly around the seventeenth century at the above-mentioned two sites on the coast of Shimokita Peninsula. Simulations using these models elucidated that the rupture in the shallow or deep plate boundaries with > 14–32 m slip (> Mw 8.55–8.76) is necessary. If the tsunami deposits around the seventeenth century along the Iburi–Hidaka coast in Hokkaido and those at the two sites mentioned above might be left by an identical event, an interplate earthquake with > 18–40 m slip (> Mw 8.62–9.2) in the flexural area is needed. Moreover, this interplate earthquake might have occurred in the deep plate boundary than in the shallower plate boundary based on slip deficit and slow earthquake distribution data. Our results offer significant insights into a large earthquake (> M 8) along the Kuril and Japan Trenches in the fifteenth to seventeenth century

<ORIGINAL ARTICLE>Establishment and characteristics of a cell line derived from osteosarcoma induced by ^<32>P in the rat.

骨肉腫細胞株はヒト骨肉腫治療の実験モデルになるばかりでなく,骨形成を示すため骨代謝の研究に対しても有用な実験モデルとなりうる。しかし,可移植性骨肉腫株やその細胞株は今日においても非常に少ない。われわれはすでに^Pで誘発した可移植性骨肉腫を報告した。この腫瘍は継代移植においても骨形成能を維持している。今回の実験はこの骨腫瘍の細胞株を樹立すること,ならびにその生物学的特長を検索することである。その結果,1.ラット骨肉腫の細胞株(MSK,武藤-佐藤-金沢)が樹立された。2.この細胞株はin vitroにおいて強いアルカリフォスファターゼ活性とコラーゲン形成能を示した。3.MSK細胞を同系ラットの背部皮下に移植すると骨形成能を示した。4.ミリポアフィルターを用いたin VIVO骨形成実験では,フィルターの外側に骨形成が認められた。5.以上の結果より,MSK細胞は骨形成能を示すだけでなく骨誘導能の可能性が示唆された。それゆえ,この細胞株は骨芽細胞の特性の検索ばかりでなく骨誘導の研究にも有用なモデルであると考える。To study the medical treatment of human osteosarcoma there is a need for experimental tumor models Moreover, osteoblastic cell line is a useful model for research of the bone and mineral metabolism. Even today, a few transplantable bone-forming osteosarcomas and their cell lines are available Previously we have reported transplantation of osteosarcoma induced by administration of ^P This tumor retains the osteoid-forming ability even in serial transplantations In the present study, we established the cell line of our transplantable ratosteosarcoma and investigated the characteristics of the cell line The results were as follows 1. A cell line (MSK, Muto-Sato-Kanazawa) of rat osteosarcoma was established 2. The cell line showed intense staining of alkaline phosphatase and collagen synthesis in vitro. 3. MSK cell line also maintained the bone-forming ability when it was inoculated sub cutaneously into the back of syngenic rats 4. Osteogenesis outside a Millipore filter by MSK cells was demonstrated in vivo. 5. It was suggested that MSK cells had not only bone-forming ability but also bone-inductive ability. Therefore, MSK cell line would be a useful model for the study on the property of osteoblast and bone inductio

Rhizopus属菌株間のアルコール脱水素酵素の活性および抗原性の比較

The production of ethanol and acids were compared as well as intracellular activities of alcohol dehydrogenase and their antigenicities of four strains of Rhizopus species. The amounts of ethanol produced were in the following order: R. javanicus ATCC 44037>R. delemar IFO 4746>R. javanicus IFO 5441>R. oryzae IFO 5384, while the amounts of acids produced were in the following order: R, oryzae IFO 5384>R. javanicus ATCC 44037>R. javanicus IFO 5441>R. delemar IFO 4746. The specific activity of alcohol dehydrogenase was proportional to the amount of ethanol produced by these strains and also the alcohol dehydrogenases of tested strains were antigenically similar. Therefore we assume that the variable amounts of ethanol produced by these strains are the results of the regulation by the degree of alcohol dehydrogenase activity in cells rather than the influence of alcohol dehydrogenase which has altered molecular properties

Maximum tsunami height prediction using pressure gauge data by a Gaussian process at Owase in the Kii Peninsula, Japan

We constructed a model to predict the maximum tsunami height by a Gaussian process (GP) that uses pressure gauge data from the Dense Oceanfloor Network System for Earthquakes and Tsunamis (DONET) in the Nankai trough. We found a greatly improved generalization error of the maximum tsunami height by our prediction model. The error is about one third of that by a previous method, which tends to make larger predictions, especially for large tsunami heights (>10 m). These results indicate that GP enables us to get a more accurate prediction of tsunami height by using pressure gauge data

Increasing trends in the prevalence of prior cancer in newly diagnosed lung, stomach, colorectal, breast, cervical, and corpus uterine cancer patients: a population-based study

[Background] Cancer survivors are frequently excluded from clinical research, resulting in their omission from the development of many cancer treatment strategies. Quantifying the prevalence of prior cancer in newly diagnosed cancer patients can inform research and clinical practice. This study aimed to describe the prevalence, characteristics, and trends of prior cancer in newly diagnosed cancer patients in Japan. [Methods] Using Osaka Cancer Registry data, we examined the prevalence, characteristics, and temporal trends of prior cancer in patients who received new diagnoses of lung, stomach, colorectal, female breast, cervical, and corpus uterine cancer between 2004 and 2015. Site-specific prior cancers were examined for a maximum of 15 years before the new cancer was diagnosed. Temporal trends were evaluated using the Cochran-Armitage trend test. [Results] Among 275, 720 newly diagnosed cancer patients, 21, 784 (7.9%) had prior cancer. The prevalence of prior cancer ranged from 3.3% (breast cancer) to 11.1% (lung cancer). In both sexes, the age-adjusted prevalence of prior cancer had increased in recent years (P values for trend < 0.001), especially in newly diagnosed lung cancer patients. The proportion of smoking-related prior cancers exceeded 50% in patients with newly diagnosed lung, stomach, colorectal, breast, and cervical cancer. [Conclusions] The prevalence of prior cancer in newly diagnosed cancer patients is relatively high, and has increased in recent years. Our findings suggest that a deeper understanding of the prevalence and characteristics of prior cancer in cancer patients is needed to promote more inclusive clinical research and support the expansion of treatment options

Manufacturing of Fermented Milk-Fortified Whole Soymilk

全脂大豆乳を強化した発酵乳の製造に関する種々の影響要因を調べ,実用化可能なヨーグルト様食品を製造する目的で本研究を行ったところ,次のような結果を得た. 1) 豆乳･脱脂乳の混合培地では,S. lactis527の酸生成量が他菌に比べて全般的に低い値であった. 豆乳のみの培地では,使用した3種のスターターは酸の生成量が少なく,乳糖を添加することによって酸生成が促進された. 2) 10%豆乳での乳酸菌による酸生成は5%豆乳の場合よりまさっていた. 3) 豆乳培地にクエン酸を添加することによって,L. casei 6のジアセチル生成量が増加した. 4) 脱脂乳に豆乳を加えることで,ヨーグルト様食品のゲル強度が適切となり,多価不飽和脂肪酸を多く含むヨーグルト様食品が得られた. 5) 官能検査で最も良好な豆乳入りヨーグルトはスターターにL. bulgaricus B-1を用い,ショ糖を10%添加し,35℃で18時間培養したものであり,この豆乳入りヨーグルトに香料を加えるとかなり良好なヨーグルト様食品が得られた. 本実験より,豆乳100%のヨーグルト様,チーズ様などの発酵食品を有利に製造するには,豆乳中で顕著な酸生産性,芳香生産性を示す菌株を検索する必要性が示唆された

Exponentially Modified Protein Abundance Index (emPAI) for Estimation of Absolute Protein Amount in Proteomics by the Number of Sequenced Peptides per Protein

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Experimental investigation of a control scheme for a tuned resonant sideband extraction interferometer for next-generation gravitational-wave detectors

LCGT plans to use tuned RSE as the optical configuration for its interferometer. A tuned RSE interferometer has five degrees of freedom that need to be controlled in order to operate a gravitational-wave detector, although it is expected to be very challenging because of the complexity of its optical configuration. A new control scheme for a tuned RSE interferometer has been developed and tested with a prototype interferometer to demonstrate successful control of the tuned RSE interferometer. The whole RSE interferometer was successfully locked with the control scheme. Here the control scheme and the current status of the experiment are presented