Una nueva especie de Isopoda Serolidae para las costas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (Argentina)

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Superinfections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a multicentre observational study from Italy (CREVID Study)

Objectives To describe clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients who developed secondary infections due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE). Methods Retrospective observational study including COVID-19 patients admitted to 12 Italian hospitals from March to December 2020 who developed a superinfection by CRE. Superinfection was defined as the occurrence of documented bacterial infection >48 h from admission. Patients with polymicrobial infections were excluded. Demographic, clinical characteristics and outcome were collected. Isolates were classified as KPC, metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) and OXA-48-producing CRE. A Cox regression analysis was performed to identify factors independently associated with 30 day mortality. Results Overall, 123 patients (median age 66 years, IQR 59-75) were included. The majority of infections occurred in the ICU (81, 65.9%), while 42 (34.1%) in medical wards. The most common types of infection were bloodstream infections (BSI) (n = 64, 52%), followed by urinary-tract infections (UTI) (n = 28, 22.8%), hospital-acquired/ventilator-associated pneumonia (HAP/VAP) (n = 28, 22.8%), intra-abdominal infections (n = 2, 1.6%) and skin infections (n = 1, 0.8%). Sixty-three (51.2%) infections were caused by KPC-, 54 (43.9%) by MBL-, and 6 (4.8%) by OXA-48-producing CRE. Thirty-day mortality was 33.3% (41/123). On Cox regression analysis, HAP/VAP compared with UTI (HR 7.23, 95% CI 2.09-24.97, P = 0.004), BSI compared with UTI (HR 3.96, 95% CI, 1.33-11.77, P = 0.004), lymphopenia on admission (HR 3, 95% CI 1.44-6.26, P = 0.003) and age (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.02-1.08, P = 0.002) were predictors of 30 day mortality. Conclusions Superinfections by CRE were associated with high risk of 30 day mortality in patients with COVID-19. HAP/VAP was the strongest predictor of death in these patients

Guía de buenas prácticas para la aplicación agrícola de digeridos

La presente Guía tiene por objeto brindar información sobre la adopción de buenas prácticas y la correcta aplicación agrícola de los digeridos provenientes de plantas de digestión anaeróbicas, fomentando el uso agrícola sustentable de estos materiales, considerando y tomando como base la Normativa existente en Argentina: Norma Técnica para la Aplicación Agrícola de Digerido Proveniente de Plantas de Digestión Anaeróbica (Resolución 19/2019 - Anexo G); desde aquí referenciada como Norma Técnica. La Guía propone transmitir de manera sencilla y amena lo establecido en la Norma Técnica y desarrollar un plan de aplicación con medidas tendientes a minimizar efectos adversos en la calidad del suelo y el agua, preservando la salud humana, animal y de los servicios ecosistémicos.Instituto de Ingeniería RuralFil: Mortola, Natalia Andrea. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Suelos; ArgentinaFil: Carfagno, Patricia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Suelos; ArgentinaFil: Otero Estrada, Edit. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Suelos; ArgentinaFil: Roba, Marcos Andrés. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Ingeniería Rural. Laboratorio de Terramecánica e Implantación de Cultivos; ArgentinaFil: Eiza, Maximiliano J. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Unidad Integrada. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Sainz, Daiana S. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Suelos; ArgentinaFil: Rorig, Marcela Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Suelos; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez, Analía Mercedes. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Suelos; ArgentinaFil: Cosentino, Vanina Rosa Noemi. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Suelos; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Cátedra de Fertilidad y Fertilizantes; ArgentinaFil: Romaniuk, Romina Ingrid. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Suelos; ArgentinaFil: Brutti, Lucrecia Noemi. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Suelos; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Cátedra de Edafología; ArgentinaFil: Setten, Lorena María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Suelos; ArgentinaFil: Manosalva, Jonatan. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Ingeniería Rural; ArgentinaFil: Butti, Mariano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino; ArgentinaFil: Torti, María Juliana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino; ArgentinaFil: Branzini, Agustina. Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Pesca (MAGYP). Bioenergía; ArgentinaFil: Donato, Lidia Beatriz. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Ingeniería Rural; Argentin

31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016) : part two

Background The immunological escape of tumors represents one of the main ob- stacles to the treatment of malignancies. The blockade of PD-1 or CTLA-4 receptors represented a milestone in the history of immunotherapy. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors seem to be effective in specific cohorts of patients. It has been proposed that their efficacy relies on the presence of an immunological response. Thus, we hypothesized that disruption of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis would synergize with our oncolytic vaccine platform PeptiCRAd. Methods We used murine B16OVA in vivo tumor models and flow cytometry analysis to investigate the immunological background. Results First, we found that high-burden B16OVA tumors were refractory to combination immunotherapy. However, with a more aggressive schedule, tumors with a lower burden were more susceptible to the combination of PeptiCRAd and PD-L1 blockade. The therapy signifi- cantly increased the median survival of mice (Fig. 7). Interestingly, the reduced growth of contralaterally injected B16F10 cells sug- gested the presence of a long lasting immunological memory also against non-targeted antigens. Concerning the functional state of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), we found that all the immune therapies would enhance the percentage of activated (PD-1pos TIM- 3neg) T lymphocytes and reduce the amount of exhausted (PD-1pos TIM-3pos) cells compared to placebo. As expected, we found that PeptiCRAd monotherapy could increase the number of antigen spe- cific CD8+ T cells compared to other treatments. However, only the combination with PD-L1 blockade could significantly increase the ra- tio between activated and exhausted pentamer positive cells (p= 0.0058), suggesting that by disrupting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis we could decrease the amount of dysfunctional antigen specific T cells. We ob- served that the anatomical location deeply influenced the state of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In fact, TIM-3 expression was in- creased by 2 fold on TILs compared to splenic and lymphoid T cells. In the CD8+ compartment, the expression of PD-1 on the surface seemed to be restricted to the tumor micro-environment, while CD4 + T cells had a high expression of PD-1 also in lymphoid organs. Interestingly, we found that the levels of PD-1 were significantly higher on CD8+ T cells than on CD4+ T cells into the tumor micro- environment (p < 0.0001). Conclusions In conclusion, we demonstrated that the efficacy of immune check- point inhibitors might be strongly enhanced by their combination with cancer vaccines. PeptiCRAd was able to increase the number of antigen-specific T cells and PD-L1 blockade prevented their exhaus- tion, resulting in long-lasting immunological memory and increased median survival

La valutazione del rischio cardiovascolare nel personale della riabilitazione dell'AOUP

Le malattie cardiovascolari sono tra le principali cause di morbosità, invalidità e mortalità in Italia. Sono in gran parte prevenibili, in quanto riconoscono, accanto a fattori di rischio non modificabili (età, sesso e familiarità), anche fattori modificabili, legati a comportamenti e stili di vita (fumo, abuso di alcol, scorretta alimentazione, sedentarietà). Con questa tesi abbiamo voluto indagare il rischio cardiovascolare del personale della riabilitazione dell' Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), capire quali condizioni influenzano maggiormente questo rischio, per poter successivamente mettere in atto gli accorgimenti necessari per ridurlo

Is There Any Opportunity to Provide an HBV Vaccine Booster Dose before Anti-Hbs Titer Vanishes?

Whether the primary Hepatitis B vaccination confers lifelong protection is debated. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of booster doses in mounting a protective HBV immune response in subjects vaccinated 18&ndash;20 years earlier. The study population consisted of vaccinated students attending medical and healthcare professions schools. A booster dose was offered to subjects with a &lt;10 mIU/mL anti-HBs titer. The post-booster anti-HBs titer was evaluated after four weeks. The subjects with a &lt;10 mIU/mL post-booster anti-HBs titer, received a second and third dose of the vaccine and after one month they were retested. A &lt;10 mIU/mL anti-HBs titer was found in 35.1% of the participants and 92.2% of subjects that were boosted had a &ge;10 mIU/mL post-booster anti-HBs titer, whereas 7.8% did not mount an anamnestic response. A low post-booster response (10&ndash;100 mIU/mL anti-HBs) was significantly more likely in subjects with a &lt;2.00 mIU/mL pre-booster titer compared to those with a 2.00&ndash;9.99 mIU/mL pre-booster titer. The anamnestic response was significantly related to the baseline anti-HBs levels. A booster dose of the HBV vaccine may be insufficient to induce an immunological response in subjects with undetectable anti-HBs titers. A booster dose might be implemented when an anamnestic response is still present

Evaluation of cardiac function by global longitudinal strain before and after treatment with sofosbuvir-based regimens in HCV infected patients

Abstract Background Possible cardiotoxicity of sofosbuvir in humans has not been demonstrated yet. Also, since HCV can exert deleterious effects on hearth function, it is of interest to know whether HCV eradication provides any benefits using global longitudinal strain (GLS), a measure of left ventricular function more reliable than ejection fraction (EF). Methods Patients eligible for treatment with the combination therapy for HCV were invited to perform a transthoracic cardiac ultrasound at four different time points: before starting treatment, after one month, at the end of treatment and, after six month. Left ventricular function was measured with both EF and GLS. Results From March 2015 to December 2016, 82 patients were enrolled. Fifty-six percent patients were males. Mean age was 66.12 (SD: 9.25) years. About 20% patients did not present any cardiovascular risk factors or comorbidities. A worsening trend of GLS was observed. Variations were not found to be statistically significant when EF was studied along the follow-up. However, when GLS was studied, its variations were found to be statistically significant indicating a worsening effect, albeit with different trends in patients who underwent treatment for three months compared to six months. Worsening of GLS was found to be statistically significant even after adjusting for body mass index and liver fibrosis, independently from treatment duration. Conclusions Our results showed unexpected worsening of left ventricular function when measured through GLS after HCV treatment response induced by DAAs including sofosbuvir. Although this result is not proven to be clinically significant, the safety profile of sofosbuvir-based regimens needs to be studied further

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1\u3b1(Pro-582-Ser) polymorphism prevents iron deprivation in healthy blood donors

Frequent blood loss induces progressive depletion of iron stores, leading to iron deficiency and, ultimately, to overt iron-deficient anaemia. The erythropoietin-mediated bone marrow response to anaemia is under the control of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF), the master regulators of oxygen and iron homeostasis. Since the HIF-1\u3b1(Pro-582-Ser) variant is associated with elevated trans-activation capacity of hypoxia responsive elements of target genes, we investigated whether the HIF-1\u3b1(Pro-582-Ser) polymorphism might influence the response to repeated blood withdrawals