Un dispositif vidéo original peut-il permettre un apprentissage moteur autonome ? :: l’expérience du lancer du poids au cycle 3

Cette recherche présente une expérience conçue et testée en éducation physique, dans une classe de 11e année Harmos du canton de Neuchâtel. Cette expérimentation a pour objectif de mettre en place un dispositif vidéo permettant un apprentissage autonome des élèves via trois éléments clés : la démonstration, le feedback et l’évaluation sommative. Ainsi, l’impact de ce dispositif sur les élèves et leur apprentissage est analysé. L’expérience a porté sur un cycle du lancer du poids durant six leçons. Ce mémoire est construit en trois parties distinctes : premièrement, la problématique regroupe les notions théoriques de l’apprentissage des mouvements et ses trois éléments clés, et des études déjà effectuées en lien avec cette recherche. Deuxièmement, la méthodologie expose les méthodes choisies pour l’élaboration de l’expérience, la nature du corpus et le protocole de l’expérience, et les méthodes choisies pour la collecte des données. Enfin, le dernier chapitre expose les résultats obtenus, la conclusion et les recommandations et pistes d’améliorations. Ainsi, les résultats de cette recherche montrent que le dispositif vidéo a un impact positif sur l’apprentissage autonome des élèves. Toutefois, s’il a un excellent effet sur la démonstration et l’évaluation sommative, des améliorations peuvent être apportées pour le feedback et ainsi le rendre plus performant

Simulation and analysis of Switched Reluctance Generator for renewable energy applications

The purpose of the paper is to investigate the application of a Switched Reluctance Generator (SRG) for future wave energy converters. This machine presents some favourable features as compared to others. The machine optimal operation can be obtained after a detailed assessment of the control strategy. For this purpose, a SRG model is implemented in Matlab\uae Simulink\uae environment to find out the values of the switching angles which maximize the converted power and to set up an appropriate control of the power exchange with the grid to which the machine is connected. The simulation results provide evidence that a proper advancing of the turn on angle enables an optimized power extraction, fulfilling at the same time the control references on DC link voltage and grid reactive power

Engineering Multigenerational Host-Modulated Microbiota against Soilborne Pathogens in Response to Global Climate Change

Simple Summary In order to face the challenges posed by climate change, scientific research should be directed towards global needs while also keeping into account the need for increased plant productivity. In this sense, our scientific group from the Biocontrol Research Laboratory BIOREN (Temuco, Chile) and our collaborators, have been studying the enormous potential to enhance productivity by using suppressive soils. In this review, we highlight soil-suppressive microbiota as a natural source of biocontrol agents and we propose a strategy to create microbial assemblages, where the plant selects its own inoculants (when plants 'cry for help'). This approach is based on the selection of specific taxa during the transition from a conducive to a suppressive soil. We hope that this strategy leads to generation of personalized bioinoculants to counteract the effects of climate change and increase agricultural sustainability. Crop migration caused by climatic events has favored the emergence of new soilborne diseases, resulting in the colonization of new niches (emerging infectious diseases, EIDs). Soilborne pathogens are extremely persistent in the environment. This is in large part due to their ability to reside in the soil for a long time, even without a host plant, using survival several strategies. In this regard, disease-suppressive soils, characterized by a low disease incidence due to the presence of antagonist microorganisms, can be an excellent opportunity for the study mechanisms of soil-induced immunity, which can be applied in the development of a new generation of bioinoculants. Therefore, here we review the main effects of climate change on crops and pathogens, as well as the potential use of soil-suppressive microbiota as a natural source of biocontrol agents. Based on results of previous studies, we also propose a strategy for the optimization of microbiota assemblages, selected using a host-mediated approach. This process involves an increase in and prevalence of specific taxa during the transition from a conducive to a suppressive soil. This strategy could be used as a model to engineer microbiota assemblages for pathogen suppression, as well as for the reduction of abiotic stresses created due to global climate change

Scientific and logistical challenges in designing the CONTROL trial: Recombinant factor VIIa in severe trauma patients with refractory bleeding

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Amelioration of Penetrating Ballistic-Like Brain Injury Induced Cognitive Deficits after Neuronal Differentiation of Transplanted Human Neural Stem Cells

Penetrating traumatic brain injury (PTBI) is one of the major cause of death and disability worldwide. Previous studies with penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI), a PTBI rat model revealed widespread perilesional neurodegeneration, similar to that seen in humans following gunshot wound to the head, which is unmitigated by any available therapies to date. Therefore, we evaluated human neural stem cell (hNSC) engraftment to putatively exploit the potential of cell therapy that has been seen in other central nervous system injury models. Toward this objective, green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled hNSC (400,000 per animal) were transplanted in immunosuppressed Sprague–Dawley (SD), Fisher, and athymic (ATN) PBBI rats 1 week after injury. Tacrolimus (3 mg/kg 2 days prior to transplantation, then 1 mg/kg/day), methylprednisolone (10 mg/kg on the day of transplant, 1 mg/kg/week thereafter), and mycophenolate mofetil (30 mg/kg/day) for 7 days following transplantation were used to confer immunosuppression. Engraftment in SD and ATN was comparable at 8 weeks post-transplantation. Evaluation of hNSC differentiation and distribution revealed increased neuronal differentiation of transplanted cells with time. At 16 weeks post-transplantation, neither cell proliferation nor glial lineage markers were detected. Transplanted cell morphology was similar to that of neighboring host neurons, and there was relatively little migration of cells from the peritransplant site. By 16 weeks, GFP-positive processes extended both rostrocaudally and bilaterally into parenchyma, spreading along host white matter tracts, traversing the internal capsule, and extending ∼13 mm caudally from transplantation site reaching into the brainstem. In a Morris water maze test at 8 weeks post-transplantation, animals with transplants had shorter latency to platform than vehicle-treated animals. However, weak injury-induced cognitive deficits in the control group at the delayed time point confounded benefits of durable engraftment and neuronal differentiation. Therefore, these results justify further studies to progress towards clinical translation of hNSC therapy for PTBI