2,898 research outputs found
Noninvasive assessment of inspiratory muscle neuromechanical coupling during inspiratory threshold loading
Diaphragm neuromechanical coupling (NMC), which reflects the efficiency of conversion of neural activation to transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi), is increasingly recognized to be a useful clinical index of diaphragm function and respiratory mechanics in neuromuscular weakness and cardiorespiratory disease. However, the current gold standard assessment of diaphragm NMC requires invasive measurements of Pdi and crural diaphragm electromyography (oesEMGdi), which complicates the measurement of diaphragm NMC in clinical practice. This is the first study to compare invasive measurements of diaphragm NMC (iNMC) using the relationship between Pdi and oesEMGdi, with noninvasive assessment of NMC (nNMC) using surface mechanomyography (sMMGlic) and electromyography (sEMGlic) of lower chest wall inspiratory muscles. Both invasive and noninvasive measurements were recorded in twelve healthy adult subjects during an inspiratory threshold loading protocol. A linear relationship between noninvasive sMMGlic and sEMGlic measurements was found, resulting in little change in nNMC with increasing inspiratory load. By contrast, a curvilinear relationship between invasive Pdi and oesEMGdi measurements was observed, such that there was a progressive increase in iNMC with increasing inspiratory threshold load. Progressive recruitment of lower ribcage muscles, serving to enhance the mechanical advantage of the diaphragm, may explain the more linear relationship between sMMGlic and sEMGlic (both representing lower intercostal plus costal diaphragm activity) than between Pdi and crural oesEMGdi. Noninvasive indices of NMC derived from sEMGlic and sMMGlic may prove to be useful indices of lower chest wall inspiratory muscle NMC, particularly in settings that do not have access to invasive measures of diaphragm function.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
El programa informático “Clustering Assessment IDL.IAS.1” para el agrupamiento e integración de píxeles contiguos en imágenes remotas
Contiene 7 documentos (1. Objetivos, alcance y publicaciones. 2. Registro y código) y 5 con el softwareA research group of the Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (CSIC, Cordoba, Spain) has
developed a procedure to spatially assess key agronomic and environmental characteristics of
tree orchards from remote sensing images through the software named Clustering Assessment®
(CLUAS).In the attached paper the CLUAS software development and the information generated by for
selected olive orchards and its validation with ground-truth data is shown. CLUAS works as an
add-on of ENVI®, and operates integrating the digital values (DV) of the neighboring pixels
within a defined range of DV. In the orchards plots trees, other vegetation cover and bare soil
were the land uses considered and the range of digital values (BDV) which best define each of
them determined. CLUAS provides parameters of each tree, such as the geometric centre, the
number of pixels or area, and the integrated digital values or relative potential yield. CLUAS
also characterizes key parameters of tree groves, such as the total area and the number, area and
the relative potential productivity of the whole trees; and similarly for the other land uses such
as vegetation cover and bare soil. Remote images with spatial resolution from 0.25 to 1.5m were
suitable for olive grove characterization.CLUAS can contribute to the site-specific management of tree groves, providing quantitative
information on each tree, small areas of an orchard, or whole orchards.Peer reviewe
Assessment of the non-linear response of the fSampEn on simulated EMG signals
© 2021 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting /republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other worksFixed sample entropy (fSampEn) is a promising technique for the analysis of respiratory electromyographic (EMG) signals. Its use has shown outperformance of amplitude-based estimators such as the root mean square (RMS) in the evaluation of respiratory EMG signals with cardiac noise and a high correlation with respiratory signals, allowing changes in respiratory muscle activity to be tracked. However, the relationship between the fSampEn response to a given muscle activation has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to analyze the nature of the fSampEn measurements that are produced as the EMG activity increases linearly. Simulated EMG signals were generated and increased linearly. The effect of the parameters r and the size of the moving window N of the fSampEn were evaluated and compared with those obtained using the RMS. The RMS showed a linear trend throughout the study. A non-linear, sigmoidal-like behavior was found when analyzing the EMG signals using the fSampEn. The lower the values of r, the higher the non-linearity observed in the fSampEn results. Greater moving windows reduced the variation produced by too small values of r.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
Cirugía de rescate (reubicación quirúrgica) en segundos molares inferiores impactados
La impactación de los segundos molares inferiores es una complicación
de la erupción dentaria muy infrecuente, dado que su
incidencia se cifra de un 0,03 a un 0,21 %. Se ha detectado en
mayor frecuencia de forma unilateral que bilateral y es más usual
en mandíbula que en maxilar. Presenta una ligera predicción por
el sexo masculino, y la inclinación mesial es la más habitual.
Se han publicado una amplia variedad de aproximaciones terapéuticas,
fundamentalmente apelando a técnicas quirúrgicas
únicas o ayudadas de técnicas ortodóncicas, con el objeto de
llevar al diente a su correcta posición, y que se engloban bajo
el concepto de cirugía de rescate.
En los casos resueltos con una reubicación del diente impactado,
la extracción profiláctica del germen se ha propugnado como
obligatoria. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 12 años y
6 meses derivado al Master de Cirugía Bucal de la Universidad
de Sevilla por presentar falta de erupción del segundo molar
inferior izquierdo.
El paciente fue derivado por su ortodoncista, quien detecta la impactación
del diente, antes de iniciar el tratamiento ortodóncico.
Dicho compañero nos indica que, si es posible, no extraigamos
el germen del tercer molar, pues prevé que será viable su erupción
en el futuro (dispondrá de espacio en la arcada suficiente).
Medidos los espacios de que disponemos, decidimos intentar
la reubicación del diente impactado sin extraer el germen del
cordal, que se llevó a cabo de forma exitosa.The impaction of lower second molars, given that its incidence
is 0.03 to 0.21%, is a rare complication in tooth eruption. It
has been detected more often in unilateral form than bilateral
and is more common in the mandible than in the maxillary. It
has a slight predilection for males, and mesial inclination is
more usual.
A wide variety of therapeutic approaches have been published,
basically referring to surgical techniques, independent or complemented
by means of orthodontic technical aids, with the
aim of placing the tooth in the correct position, and which are
encompassed under the concept of surgical rescue.
In cases resolved with repositioning of an impacted tooth,
prophylactic root extraction has been proposed as obligatory.
We present a case of a 12 and a half year old patient referred to
the University of Seville due to non-eruption of the left lower
second molar.
The patient was referred by her orthodontist, who detected the
impaction before starting orthodontic treatment. The orthodontist
requested that, if it was possible, we did not extract the root of
the third molar, because its eruption would be feasible in the
future (there would be sufficient space in the arch). The spaces
available were measured and we decided to attempt the repositioning
of the impacted tooth without extracting the root of the
wisdom tooth, which was carried out successfully
Revisión de la evidencia científica sobre uso clínico del Trabecular Bone Score (TBS). Posiciones oficiales de la SEIOMM (2018)
La incorporación de nuevas aplicaciones tecnológicas en el campo médico conlleva un prolongado periodo de valoración de la evidencia científica que se va generando en el proceso de validación clínica.
En los últimos 5 años se han generado múltiples publicaciones, comunicaciones en congresos
y reuniones de sociedades científicas. La aplicación del Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) ha recibido también la atención de la Sociedad Internacional de Densitometría Clínica (The International Society for Clinical Densitometry -ISCD-) que la ha incorporado a sus posiciones oficiales
El Castillo de Capilla (Badajoz): un proyecto de puesta en valor (2012-2015)
[EN] Capilla Castle (Capilla, Badajoz) showed a serious state of deterioration in its factories at the beginning
of the 21st century as a result of neglect and ineffective measures taken for its conservation. As of 2012,
the Capilla City Council commissioned the design of an action plan to halt the deterioration of the castle
and manage to turn it into an asset for the municipality's tourist resources. The project focused on three
pillars (research, dissemination and restoration) that have made it possible to return to society one of the
most significant buildings in Extremadura's medieval history.[ES] El castillo de Capilla (Capilla, Badajoz) mostraba un grave estado de deterioro en sus fábricas a comienzos del siglo XXI, consecuencia del abandono y la toma de medidas poco eficaces para su conservación. A partir de 2012, el Ayuntamiento de Capilla encargó el diseño un plan de actuaciones para frenar el deterioro del castillo y conseguir convertirlo en un activo para los recursos turísticos del municipio. El proyecto se centró en tres pilares (investigación, difusión y restauración) que han permitido devolver a la sociedad uno de los edificios más significativos de la historia medieval extremeña.Lucendo Díaz, D.; Torres González, T.; García García, L.; Melero Serrano, M. (2021). El Castillo de Capilla (Badajoz): un proyecto de puesta en valor (2012-2015). En I Simposio anual de Patrimonio Natural y Cultural ICOMOS España. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 551-558. https://doi.org/10.4995/icomos2019.2019.11778OCS55155
Transmigration of impacted lower canine : Case report and review of literature
Retention, that is, a permanent tooth which is unerupted more than a year after the normal age of eruption, is a relatively rare event, except in the case of the third molars and the upper canines. Transmigration is defined as the phenomenon of more than half an unerupted impacted tooth crossing the midline. We report the clinical case of a twenty-year-old patient presenting transmigration of the lower left canine, with a type 4 transmigration pattern (Mupparapu). Likewise, we carried out a review of the literature of the cases that have been published on transmigration, updating the main aspects of this pathology
The application of microscopic surgery in dentistry
The use of the microscope as a tool for practising Medicine, especially in surgical specialisations, has been established for decades. The microscope was first used in OdontologyDentistry back to the 1970s and 1980s, and was introduced more widely (although it was still far from being in general use) during 1990s. The purpose of this article is to describe the main applications of the microscope in OdontologyDentistry today, as well as providing odontologists and stomatologists, whether specialists or in general practice, with information about microscopic OdontologyDentistry for better patient care. This work also gives particular importance to matters needed to achieve the necessary manual dexterity to work in a magnified operating field using a surgical microscope (SM)
The Contribution of Wnt Signaling to Vascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Vascular complications are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients
with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These vascular abnormalities result in a chronic hyperglycemic
state, which influences many signaling molecular pathways that initially lead to increased oxidative
stress, increased inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, leading to both microvascular and
macrovascular complications. Endothelial dysfunction represents the initial stage in both types of
vascular complications; it represents “mandatory damage” in the development of microvascular
complications and only “introductory damage” in the development of macrovascular complications.
Increasing scientific evidence has revealed an important role of the Wnt pathway in the pathophysiology
of the vascular wall. It is well known that the Wnt pathway is altered in patients with T2DM.
This review aims to be an update of the current literature related to the Wnt pathway molecules
that are altered in patients with T2DM, which may also be the cause of damage to the vasculature.
Both microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy) and macrovascular
complications (coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease) are
analyzed. This review aims to concisely concentrate all the evidence to facilitate the view on the
vascular involvement of the Wnt pathway and its components by highlighting the importance of
exploring possible therapeutic strategy for patients with T2DM who develop vascular pathologies.Instituto de Salud Carlos III
European Commission PI18-00803
PI21-01069
PI18-01235
CD20/00022
FI19/00118European CommissionJunta de Andalucia PI-0268-2019University of GranadaEuropean Commission 811
Intra-alveolar chlorhexidine gel for the prevention of dry socket in mandibular third molar surgery. : A pilot study
Purpose: Chlorhexidine is a good prophylactic agent for post-extraction dry socket alveolitis. The bio-adhesive 0.2% chlorhexidine gel could improve this action since its intra-alveolar positioning would allow a more direct action on the alveolus and more prolonged action of the medication. Materials and Method: We present a single blind, randomised study on 30 patients to evaluate the efficacy of the bio-adhesive 0.2% chlorhexidine gel, placed only once within the alveolus, on the reduction of the incidence of impacted third molar postextraction dry socket alveolitis and its post-operative effects on patients. Results. A reduction of 42.65% in the occurrence of alveolitis and a more favourable post-operative period in the experimental group was observed. In the control group, the appearance of alveolitis was 30.76% opposite to 17.64 % in the experimental group. Conclusions: The bio-adhesive 0.2% chlorhexidine gel, applied only once after the extraction of impacted third molars, seems to be an appropriate option for the reduction of alveolitis. It improves the buccal aperture and oedema in the post-operative period, although further double blind studies with larger samples are necessary
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