Association of Candidate Gene Polymorphisms With Chronic Kidney Disease: Results of a Case-Control Analysis in the Nefrona Cohort

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease and premature death. Despite classical clinical risk factors for CKD and some genetic risk factors have been identified, the residual risk observed in prediction models is still high. Therefore, new risk factors need to be identified in order to better predict the risk of CKD in the population. Here, we analyzed the genetic association of 79 SNPs of proteins associated with mineral metabolism disturbances with CKD in a cohort that includes 2, 445 CKD cases and 559 controls. Genotyping was performed with matrix assisted laser desorption ionizationtime of flight mass spectrometry. We used logistic regression models considering different genetic inheritance models to assess the association of the SNPs with the prevalence of CKD, adjusting for known risk factors. Eight SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs2238135, rs1800247, rs385564, rs4236, rs2248359, and rs1564858) were associated with CKD even after adjusting by sex, age and race. A model containing five of these SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs1800247, rs4236, and rs2248359), diabetes and hypertension showed better performance than models considering only clinical risk factors, significantly increasing the area under the curve of the model without polymorphisms. Furthermore, one of the SNPs (the rs2248359) showed an interaction with hypertension, being the risk genotype affecting only hypertensive patients. We conclude that 5 SNPs related to proteins implicated in mineral metabolism disturbances (Osteopontin, osteocalcin, matrix gla protein, matrix metalloprotease 3 and 24 hydroxylase) are associated to an increased risk of suffering CKD

Le médiéval sur la scène contemporaine

Dans la production théâtrale actuelle, la référence médiévale est très présente comme si les siècles médiévaux constituaient une sorte de réservoir de scénarios, de figures, d’ images, qui ne cessent d’ être revisités à la faveur de multiples réappropriations. L’ importance quantitative d’ un corpus théâtral à sujet ou à référence médiévale depuis le début du XXe siècle repose sur une sorte de paradoxe, celui de la quasi absence de pièces du répertoire proprement médiéval sur la scène vivante. Ce point est interrogé ici dans la mesure où le Moyen Âge a souvent accompagné un certain développement dramaturgique, donnant aux dramaturges des sujets différents de ceux de la scène classique, permettant des expérimentations d’ écriture ou de mise en scène. Ce volume traite des enjeux et des modalités, des raisons et des limites d’ une telle représentation du « médiéval » sur la scène contemporaine : pourquoi ce choix et comment le concrétiser, à quel moment se produit-il dans l’ œuvre d’ un dramaturge, dans quel but, et avec quel succès ? Les sujets et les résurgences médiévales émargent, en effet, à tous les registres - religieux, comique, historique -, ils nourrissent la satire, se concilient avec le burlesque comme avec le pathétique, le sérieux ou la dérision. Ils traversent aussi différents genres : le romanesque médiéval prête volontiers ses héros à la dramaturgie moderne, la poésie médiévale génère mise en voix et en espace. Fonctionnant comme métaphores de notre temps, ces pièces, en outre, prennent volontiers une coloration politique et servent à questionner les conflits et les impasses du monde d’aujourd’hui

Economic burden of moderate to severe irritable bowel syndrome with constipation in six European countries

BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation (IBS-C) is a complex disorder with gastrointestinal and nervous system components. The study aim was to assess the economic burden of moderate to severe IBS-C in six European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the UK). METHODS: An observational, one year retrospective-prospective (6 months each) study of patients diagnosed in the last five years with IBS-C (Rome III criteria) and moderate to severe disease at inclusion (IBS Symptom Severity Scale score ≥ 175). The primary objective was to assess the direct cost to European healthcare systems. RESULTS: Five hundred twenty-five patients were included, 60% (range: 43.1-78.8%) suffered from severe IBS-C. During follow-up 11.1-24.0% of patients had a hospitalisation/emergency room (ER) visit, median stay range: 1.5-12.0 days and 41.1-90.4% took prescription drugs for IBS-C. 21.4-50.8% of employed patients took sick leave (mean: 11.6-64.1 days). The mean annual direct cost to the healthcare systems was €937.1- €2108.0. The total direct cost (combined costs to healthcare systems and patient) for IBS-C was €1421.7-€2487.1. CONCLUSIONS: IBS-C is not a life-threatening condition; however, it has large impact on healthcare systems and society. Direct and indirect costs for moderate to severe IBS-C were high with the largest direct cost driver being hospitalisations/ER visits.status: publishe

Outcomes in Newly Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation and History of Acute Coronary Syndromes: Insights from GARFIELD-AF

BACKGROUND: Many patients with atrial fibrillation have concomitant coronary artery disease with or without acute coronary syndromes and are in need of additional antithrombotic therapy. There are few data on the long-term clinical outcome of atrial fibrillation patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome. This is a 2-year study of atrial fibrillation patients with or without a history of acute coronary syndromes

Analysis of Outcomes in Ischemic vs Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation A Report From the GARFIELD-AF Registry

IMPORTANCE Congestive heart failure (CHF) is commonly associated with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF), and their combination may affect treatment strategies and outcomes