The Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer Book 2018

(Abridged) This is the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer 2018 book. It is intended as a concise reference guide to all aspects of the scientific and technical design of MSE, for the international astronomy and engineering communities, and related agencies. The current version is a status report of MSE's science goals and their practical implementation, following the System Conceptual Design Review, held in January 2018. MSE is a planned 10-m class, wide-field, optical and near-infrared facility, designed to enable transformative science, while filling a critical missing gap in the emerging international network of large-scale astronomical facilities. MSE is completely dedicated to multi-object spectroscopy of samples of between thousands and millions of astrophysical objects. It will lead the world in this arena, due to its unique design capabilities: it will boast a large (11.25 m) aperture and wide (1.52 sq. degree) field of view; it will have the capabilities to observe at a wide range of spectral resolutions, from R2500 to R40,000, with massive multiplexing (4332 spectra per exposure, with all spectral resolutions available at all times), and an on-target observing efficiency of more than 80%. MSE will unveil the composition and dynamics of the faint Universe and is designed to excel at precision studies of faint astrophysical phenomena. It will also provide critical follow-up for multi-wavelength imaging surveys, such as those of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Gaia, Euclid, the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope, the Square Kilometre Array, and the Next Generation Very Large Array.Comment: 5 chapters, 160 pages, 107 figure

The War on P (Pure, Methamphetamine) in New Zealand, a Moral-Panic?

Abstract This article illuminates how the transfiguration from the sociological concept of moral-panic to moral-regulation replicates wider socioeconomic conditions. The author urges that the Alcohol and Other Drug (named so in order that alcohol can also be categorised as a drug) clinicians reflect on the structural and reproductive impact of their work. The sociological concept, "moralpanic" has socio-clinical efficacy in the (AOD) treatment field. It has much affinity as history in the field is littered with the phenomenon. The author, a long time Alcohol and Drug clinician, now lecturer in the AOD field, considers the phenomenon in New Zealand around the use what is known locally as P (pure) or methamphetamine. Various texts on a War on P campaign were analysed. It was found that, through various literary devices familiar themes emerged, evoking local folk devils and heroes. This analysis was carried out against a backdrop of creeping neo-liberalism, a new right-wing government committed to market liberalisation, and thereby the increased availability of a more dangerous yet licit drug, known as ethyl alcohol (Saunders, 1989). However, the concept of moral-panic can be deployed as a means to critically analyse the impact of various licit and illicit drugs under the theme of proportionality. Moreover, a sociological understanding of the prevention paradox can create a pathway to understand the role of moral-regulation and its ramifications as outlined by a governmental analysis. An appreciation of Moral-panic theory and Moral-regulation is crucial in the AoD field, as alternatives to dominant medical and psychological individualising discourses, in order to empower clinician and client alike and to politicise a discipline that traditionally eschews politicisation. The author argues that reflecting on the trajectory from moral-panic to moral-regulation creates insights into the dismantling western social state. From an ethical standpoint, it is important that clinicians become aware of the politically reproductive nature of their profession and how they are required to codify themselves and clients into ideological positions

Faire and well-formed : Portuguese Eurasian women and symbolic whiteness in early Colonial India

In the Lusiad, published in Lisbon in 1572 and regarded by some scholars as the national epic of Portugal, Luis de Camoens describes how the Greek gods helped the Portuguese to acquire their Indian possessions in a spectacular narrative of myth, legend, and maritime travel account. The so-named age of discovery at the end of the end of the fifteenth century and the repositioning of Europe from its marginal position on the far western fringes of Afro-Eurasia to a central position in the world economy was part of a broader exchange of ideas and bodies across both vast and more easily accessible distances, where European colonies become sites for the reproduction and transformation of new social distinctions. After the completion of the first circumnavigation of the globe by Magellan in 1521, the cultural gaze of Europeans was widened through the notion of “discoverie,” and the interconnectedness of the new capitalist world-system saw the Portuguese become the first European presence in a global web linking Portugal with Africa, the Americas, and Asia. The largely male encounter with the “other” inevitably led to the proliferation of travel narratives that attempted to make sense of the place of interracial intimacy as part of the discourse of a new world system. In the Lusiad, the offspring of Portuguese men and Indian women emerge as the corporeal metaphors of the imagined anxiety felt in the early modern European mind toward sex across the racial divide

Assessment of a High-Order Discontinuous Galerkin Method for the Direct Numerical Simulation of Transition at Low-Reynolds Number in the T106C High-Lift Low Pressure Turbine Cascade

peer reviewedAn implicit time integration, high-order discontinuous Galerkin method is assessed on the DNS of the flow in the T106C cascade at low Reynolds number. This code, aimed at providing high orders of accuracy on unstructured meshes for DNS and LES simulations on industrial geometries, was previously successfully assessed on fundamental, academic test cases. The computational results are compared to the experimental values and literature, and the obtained flow field characteristics are discussed. Although adequate resolution is supposed to be attained, discrepancies with respect to the experiment are found. These differences were furthermore consistently found by all authors in the workshop on high-order methods for CFD. The origins are therefore conjectured to result from insufficient adequation between computational setup and experiments, as no modeling is assumed. A plan for further investigation is proposed

Human intestinal microbiota gene risk factors for antibiotic-associated diarrhea: perspectives for prevention. Risk factors for antibiotic-associated diarrhea.: Diarrhea risk prediction from microbiota genes

8 pages, 4 figuresInternational audienceAntibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is associated with altered intestinal microflora and other symptoms that may lead to possibly death. In critically ill patients, diarrhea increases rates of morbimortality. Assessing diarrhea risks is thus important for clinicians. For this reason, we conducted a hypothesis-generating study focused on AAD to provide insight into methods of prevention. We evaluated the hypothesis of predisposing factors within the resident intestinal microbiota in a cohort of outpatients receiving antibiotherapy. Among the pool of tested variables, only those related to bacterial 16S rRNA genes were found to be relevant. Complex statistical analyses provided further information: amid the bacteria 16S rRNA genes, eight were determined to be essential for diarrhea predisposition and characterized from the most important to the least. Using these markers, AAD risk could be estimated with an error of 2%. This molecular analysis offers new perspectives for clinical applications at the level of prevention

Gathering users and developers to shape together the next-generation ocean reanalyses: Ocean reanalyses workshop of the European Copernicus Marine Service

International audienc