A preliminary investigation into the determination of the inaudibility of mechanical plant and music noise in the presence of ambient background noise

Currently there are regulations and guidelines that governing bodies have adopted when dealing with the emission of noise that make reference to or imply the term of inaudibility when setting criteria to be met for mechanical p lant and music noise after restricted hours. However, to date no such criteria has been established that can predict the inaudibility of these sources when combined with ambient backgrounds. As a result, stakeholders are met with uncertainty and designers are left with an inadequate subjective term when attempting to meet location-sp ecific noise criteria. This paper involves an investigation into the possibilities of conducting a psychoacoustic experiment that will test for the inaudibility of mechanical p lant and music noise in the presence of ambient background noise typical of the home environment situated in urban and suburban locations. This paper attempts to provide the framework for future larger scale investigations and provides the relevant findings and a methodology to assist in reducing the subjective nature of the responses observed. Through these future investigations, objective definable criteria from which to establish the inaudibility of mechanical plant and music noise in the presence of ambient background noise may be establishe

Del taller de traducción colectiva a la publicación italiana de la novela gráfica Tutto quello che non dimenticherai mai del tuo Erasmus: el papel de la experiencia directa en la práctica y adquisición de la competencia traductor

This paper discusses the different steps and challenges of a collective editorial translation project, carried out during the last-year of the University Degree in Linguistic and Intercultural Mediation (University of Bologna), within the academic course of Translation from Spanish into Italian. The main aim of the project was the development of the translation competence, conceived as a dynamic and holistic process. Moreover, at the end of the translation project, the Italian edition of the Spanish graphic novel (Cosas que nunca olvidarás de tu Erasmus, Lunwerg, 2015 by Raquel Piñeiro and Amaia Arrazola), jointly translated by the students during the workshop, was published under the title of Tutto quello che non dimenticherai mai del tuo Erasmus (HOP! Edizioni, 2020). Along the present article, first we will see the methodological approach and the organization of the workshop in its different steps; then we will observe the main challenges related to the translation of comics and, in particular, to this kind of polyphonic writing and versatile style. At the translation level, the main problems will be analysed in relation to the final task, i.e. its publication for the Italian market, the target audience and the complexity of its iconotext, characterized by the presence of many visual culture-specific items. Finally, we will focus on the experiential background and creativity of the workshop participants, not only in solving linguistic, textual, extralinguistic and pragmatic issues throughout the transfer process, but also in promoting the book through interviews, blogs and remote events on social networks

"Un poquito de 'por favor'": la sfida dell'oralit\ue0 alle limitazioni del sottotitolo

In questo contributo si presenter\ue0 il sottotitolaggio come strumento didattico impiegato nell\u2019insegnamento di traduzione multimediale tra lo spagnolo e l\u2019italiano all\u2019interno del Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Traduzione Specializzata dell\u2019Universit\ue0 di Bologna. Nello specifico, durante il corso gli studenti scelgono, analizzano e sottotitolano in italiano alcune puntate di note serie televisive spagnole, come ad esempio Aqu\ued no hay quien viva, A\uedda, Con el culo al aire e La que se avecina. Come \ue8 noto il sottotitolo si realizza in un ambiente polisemiotico e multicodice; la sua maggiore complessit\ue0 pertanto \ue8 legata alla trasposizione diamesica, vale a dire al passaggio da codice orale a codice scritto. E quando i tratti dell\u2019oralit\ue0 caratterizzano fortemente i personaggi delle serie, l\u2019ulteriore sfida per i futuri sottotitolatori professionisti \ue8 proprio poterne preservare alcuni dei pi\uf9 distintivi anche nel sottotitol

Educazione emozionale e all’uguaglianza di genere: proposte editoriali e formazione traduttiva a confronto

The aim of this article is twofold: on the one hand, we intend to point out some recent editorial proposals within the production of Spanish graphic fiction for young adults relating to emotional and gender education; on the other hand, we mean to promote translation projects including editorial scouting activities during academic training. We will show some research tools helping to find out texts to submit to editors such as thematic guides or publishing collections promoting gender equality in the new generations; but also, official reports from the Italian publishing world including data regarding books translated from other cultures, etc. We will identify certain recent market trends such as, for example, the visibility of women in the history of mankind, and we will highlight some texts – also appreciable from an aesthetic point of view – related to them. Lastly, about the translation posture, we will emphasize how young translator’s empathy and experience, when the source texts are addressed to adolescents, may enrich not only the target text, but also to the translation experience itself

Juan Rivera, un traduttore militante nella Spagna del Triennio Liberale

The aim of this paper is to investigate the figure of Juan Rivera, a Spanish translator working during the Liberal Triennium, through the analysis of prefaces he added to his three translations of important Enlightenment texts one of them being On Crimes and Punishments by Cesare Beccaria Bonesana. Since much of its fortune depended on the reception of its translations, first of all the French one by Andr\ue9 Morellet, this paper analyses other translators\u2019 prefaces, namely that of Morellet himself, the first anonymous English translation and the first Spanish one, in order to highlight correlations between the historical and political context and the translation method employed. Morellet, for instance, transformed the philosophical Italian essay into a legal treatise as he was guided by the idea of writing a useful tool for the French Nation and the whole of humanity, as he declared in his \u201cPreface of the translator\u201d. Juan Rivera, author of the second translation into Spanish of On Crimes and Punishments, seems to have followed his example: in his \u201cPreface\u201d he declared a manifest willingness to influence the political debate of his age (the Liberal Triennium, 1820-23) and, more precisely, to offer a useful instrument to legislators who were about to approve the first Spanish Criminal Code. He did the same with the two other translations he published in the same short liberal period, and with the same publisher (Imprenta de D. Ferm\uedn Villalpando), that is, the Spanish translations of Scienza della legislazione (The Science of Legislation) by Gaetano Filangieri and the Trait\ue9 d\u2019\ue9conomie politique, by Jean-Baptiste Say, in this case, from French. Through the analysis of some passages from peritextual items, such as prefaces and open letters addressed to the Spanish National Congress, we attempt to draw the profile of this activist translator operating during an age full of optimistic expectations of the progress of society

Poor Outcome in a Mitochondrial Neurogastrointestinal Encephalomyopathy Patient with a Novel TYMP Mutation: The Need for Early Diagnosis.

Mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) is a devastating autosomal recessive disorder due to mutations in TYMP, which cause loss of function of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), nucleoside accumulation in plasma and tissues and mitochondrial dysfunction. The clinical picture includes progressive gastrointestinal dysmotility, cachexia, ptosis and ophthalmoparesis, peripheral neuropathy and diffuse leukoencephalopathy, which usually lead to death in early adulthood. Therapeutic options are currently available in clinical practice (allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and carrier erythrocyte entrapped TP therapy) and newer, promising therapies are expected in the near future. However, successful treatment is strictly related to early diagnosis. We report on an incomplete MNGIE phenotype in a young man harboring the novel heterozygote c.199 C>T (Q67X) mutation in exon 2, and the previously reported c.866 A>C (E289A) mutation in exon 7 in TYMP. The correct diagnosis was achieved many years after the onset of symptoms and unfortunately, the patient died soon after diagnosis because of multiorgan failure due to severe malnutrition and cachexia before any therapeutic option could be tried. To date, early diagnosis is essential to ensure that patients have the opportunity to be treated. MNGIE should be suspected in all patients who present with both gastrointestinal and nervous system involvement, even if the classical complete phenotype is lacking

Mapping the characteristics of network meta-analyses on antithrombotic therapies: an overview and critical appraisal

Objectives: A large number of network meta-analyses (NMAs) in the field of cardiac disease are available, yet the scientific literature lacks an updated straightforward synthesis of this evidence to ground the decision-making process. We aimed to map and critically appraise NMAs on antithrombotic therapies used as treatment or prophylaxis of cardiac diseases and cardiac surgical procedures. Methods: A systematic review of systematic reviews with meta-analysis was conducted following Cochrane Collaboration and Joanna Briggs recommendations (PROSPERO-CRD2020166468). Searches to identify NMAs meeting the eligibility criteria of this study were performed in PubMed and Scopus (Jan-2022). NMAs characteristics including metadata, statistical models’ description, and main pooled results were collected. The methodological quality of NMAs was evaluated using the PRISMA-NMA checklist and AMSTAR-2 tools. Descriptive statistical analyses with categorical variables reported as frequencies and continuous variables as the median and interquartile range (IQR) were performed (SPSS-Statistics v.25.0). Results: Overall, n=88 NMAs published between 2007-2022 were identified. The most evaluated clinical condition was atrial fibrillation (n=57; 64.7%); around one-third of the studies (38.6%) assessed cardiac surgical procedures. Only 28.4% NMAs had a registered study protocol. Fifty NMAs (56.8%) were published by authors from one single country China the most frequently. A median of 14 primary studies (IQR 5-20.75) (mostly randomized clinical trials) were included per NMA. A median of 40 (IQR 24-84.25) indirect meta-analyses per study were found. At least one network diagram for a given outcome was provided by 68 (77.2%) studies, yet only 22 (25.6%) performed treatment ranking analyses. Conflict of interest declarations and study funding were informed by 34 (38.6%) and 38 (43.2%) NMAs, respectively. Conclusions: Although there is a widespread of NMA-type studies assessing different antithrombotic agents for different cardiac conditions, the lack of standardized conduction and reporting of NMAs (poor-moderate methodological quality) may limit their comparison and results implementation into clinical practice.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio