Implementación de componentes de software para mejorar el desarrollo de los aplicativos Web en el ministerio de economía y finanzas – Lima; 2020.

La presente tesis se realizó en la Maestría en Ingeniería de Sistemas con mención en Tecnología de Información y Comunicación de la Escuela de Ingeniería de Sistemas de la Universidad Católica Los Ángeles de Chimbote, tomando como problemática la complejidad y tiempo de desarrollo de las aplicaciones web del Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas-Lima. Frente a esta situación se propuso como objetivo general Implementar Componente de Software para Mejorar el Desarrollo de los Aplicativos Web en dicha institución. El tipo de investigación es cuantitativa, de nivel aplicativo y con un diseño pre-experimental. La población está conformada por 6 desarrolladores del aplicativo SIGAWEB del Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas – Lima evaluando 12 procesos de búsqueda de información de las opciones del aplicativo SIGAWEB. La muestra ocupará a toda la población, por lo que la denominaremos una población muestral. Se usó como técnica para la recolección de datos la observación y como instrumento las notas de campo. Así mismo, para la implementación del componente de software se utilizó como instrumentos: Eclipse IDE como herramienta de desarrollo, Framework ZK para la capa de presentación y JAVA como lenguaje de programación. Llevar a cabo el presente trabajo dotó a la institución de una herramienta de software que simplificará el proceso de desarrollo de las aplicaciones web, reduciendo las líneas de código y los tiempos de entrega de los productos.Tesi

Characterization of the spatio-temporal variation of atmospheric pollution. WRF-Chem simulations and analysis potential sources contribution on the Central Andes

The Central Andes are an area located in South America, between latitudes 30 ° and 40 ° south. It is important because it contains the largest metropolitan area in Chile, Santiago and the fourth largest city in Argentina, Mendoza. According to climate predictions, this region would be very affected by climate change, which would cause an alteration of the relationships between liquidand solid precipitation, albedo variations, changes in the seasonal distribution of Andean fluvial spills and overtaking in runoff peaks. Due to the possible socioeconomic impacts in the region, it is necessary to design and implement adaptation strategies for these anticipated changes. An accurate prediction requires a correct representation of atmospheric conditions, their development and evolution. Recent studies conducted by our research group show that thepresence of atmospheric aerosols would be related to the negative trend variations of albedo in the snow during the last 17 years, which leads to an increase in the thaw rate. Even so, there is a high degree of uncertainty about the identification and characterization of the sources of origin of the aerosols that contribute most to the darkening of the snow. In addition, the particulatematerial, depending on its size, quantity and chemical composition, could modify the constitution of the clouds, reducing the precipitation of rain or snow and increasing the formation of hail. The physics and dynamics of this type of events can be understood through the use of mesoscale models. In this work, inventories of regional anthropogenic emissions of own elaboration are incorporated to the simulations carried out with the WRF-Chem model to studythe relationships: aerosols-albedo and aerosols-precipitations. The objective is to recognize the retro-trajectories that indicate potential sources of contamination, and to improve the modeling with own measurements, made for the criteria pollutants: PM, BC, OC and dust.Fil: Pascual Flores, Romina María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Bolaño Ortiz, Tomas Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Puliafito, Salvador Enrique. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaSchool of Atmospheric Measurements in Latin America and the Caribbean: Atmospheric particles and Reactive GasesSan JuanPuerto RicoUniversity of Puerto Ric

Soil organic carbon stocks in the high mountain permafrost zone of the semi-arid Central Andes (Cordillera Frontal, Argentina)

This study presents the first detailed soil organic carbon (SOC) inventory for a high mountain permafrost zone in the semi-arid Central Andes of South America. We describe plant cover and soil profiles at 31 sites representing the main land cover and landform types in the Veguitas catchment (Cordillera Frontal, Argentina), which ranges in elevation from c. 3000 to 5500 m. The vegetated area with soil development is largely confined to altitudes of < 3650 m and represents only 8.2% of the total catchment area. Mean SOC 0–100 cm storage for the vegetated portion of the catchment is 3.62 kg C m−2, which is reduced to 0.33 kg C m−2 if we consider negligible SOC stocks in the extensive bare ground and glaciated areas at higher elevations. Hotspots of SOC storage are wet meadow areas, with peat deposits up to 102 cm deep and a maximum observed total SOC storage of 53.07 kg C m−2. These wet meadow areas, however, occupy only 0.11% of the total catchment area and their contribution to mean SOC storage is limited. Among soils at well-drained sites, highest mean SOC 0–100 cm storage is found on backslope positions of moraines that predate the Last Glacial Maximum (6.87 kg C m−2). Only 2% of all SOC stocks in the catchment are found in permafrost terrain and none are located in the permafrost layer itself. The main ecoclimatic control on SOC storage is plant cover, with vegetation limits being sensitive to ambient temperature. Projected increases in temperatures will not remobilize any frozen SOC stocks but will likely result in an upward shift of the upper vegetation belt with soil development creating new areas of phytomass carbon and SOC storage. The area is expected to represent a net C sink and thus a negative feedback on future global warming.Fil: Kuhry, Peter. Stockholms Universitet; SueciaFil: Makopoulou, Eirini. Stockholms Universitet; SueciaFil: Pascual Descarrega, Didac. Stockholms Universitet; SueciaFil: Pecker Marcosig, Ivanna. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Trombotto, Dario Tomas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentin

Dataset supporting the estimation and analysis of high spatial resolution inventories of atmospheric emissions from several sectors in Argentina

This data article provides an extensive and complete description of the high spatial resolution inventory (HSRI) estimation shown in the article “High resolution inventory of atmospheric emissions from livestock production, agriculture, and biomass burning sectors of Argentina” Puliafito et al. [1], and its comparison with several sectors in Argentina. The dataset provided are highresolution inventories (0.025 0.025 lat/long) for CO2, CH4, N2O and another 8 species from livestock, biomass burning, agriculture and another 12 sectors (based on 2016 year). In addition, we also provide the database for 2014 using the same methodology. The dataset presented are necessary to improve input inventories for air quality models. Also, they are better to inform and guide the stakeholders, in making decisions related to environmental protection and health promotion, as well as assessing the environmental performance in terms of atmospheric emissions of an activity, sector or region in ArgentinaFil: Puliafito, Salvador Enrique. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Bolaño Ortiz, Tomas Rafael. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Berná Peña, Lucas Luciano. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Ministerio de Ciencia. Tecnología e Innovación Productiva. Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica; ArgentinaFil: Pascual Flores, Romina María. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentin

Aerosols measurement as product of biomass burning on cryosphere in the Central Andes

The cryosphere on the Central Andes between Argentina and Chile is an important water reservoir; therefore, it is important to ensure the sustainability of this resource for the ecosystem and millions of people in this region. Then, the knowledge about hydrological cycle and the different phenomena that are affecting its radiative balance caused by absorbing aerosols of solar radiation, some of these aerosols can be generated by large burning of biomass, a practice that occurs during crop changes in the austral spring in South America. For this reason, it has been analyzed in several basins uses remote knowledge data for 17 years (2000 - 2016) and the analysis of variations on snow albedo, aerosol optical depth (ODA) and land surface temperature of several water basins of that region. The partial results indicate a negative tendency in the snow albedo decrease related to the AOD variations. The next step will be collect snow samples to measure levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan to establish if there is on snow presence of aerosol from the biomass combustion and the type of biomass source.Fil: Bolaño Ortiz, Tomas Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Pascual Flores, Romina María. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ruggeri, María Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Lakkis, Susan Gabriela. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Buenos Aires; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Puliafito, Salvador Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaSchool of Atmospheric Measurements in Latin America and the Caribbean: Atmospheric particles and Reactive GasesSan JuanPuerto RicoUniversity of Puerto Ric

Atmospheric methane emissions for Argentina: comparison with TROPOMI satellite measurements

Methane emissions have very important effect on global radiative forcing. Therefore, reducing these emissions has been proposed as an effective short-term strategy to mitigate global warming, in parallel with reductions in long-lived carbon dioxide (CO2) for long- term temperature stabilizations. In this context, Argentina emits 3645 Gg of CH4 mainly from livestock production, biomass burning and natural gas production. Since 2018, TROPOMI instruments provide global coverage on methane column-average mole fraction of dry air (XCH4), and height profiles of methane concentrations. We compare two available methane inventory: a national (a high resolution of own ellaboration: GEAA) and an international (EDGAR) emissions database with TROPOMI measurements. By performing inverse satellite retrieval we evaluate the ability of remote sensing information to detect possible hotspot methane emissions and compare these results with the two inventories. From these analyzes, we observe that the latitudinal averages of the continental sector increase at a rate of 10 ppb/degree, from south to north, while the maritime sector remains constant. From a temporary perspective, the average monthly concentration amplitude range varies 40 to 50 ppb, with minimum values in March and maximum values in September.Fil: Puliafito, Salvador Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Berná Peña, Lucas Luciano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Lopez Noreña, Ana Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Pascual Flores, Romina María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Bolaño Ortiz, Tomas Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaIEEE Latin American GRSS & ISPRS Remote Sensing ConferenceSantiagoChileInternational Society for Photogrametry and Remote SensingInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineer

Atmospheric emission changes and their economic impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Argentina

This work studied the emission changes and their economic effects during the Argentina’s COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. We have analyzed the atmospheric emissions of the main greenhouse gases (GHG: CO2, CH4, and N2O) and other pollutants (NOx, CO, NMVOC, SO2, PM10, PM2.5, and BC) from various sectors such as private road transport, freight, public transport, agriculture machines, thermal power plants, residential, commercial, and governmental from January 2005 to April 2020. We focused on the months with the greatest restrictions of COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina (March and April 2020). The results show emissions reduction up to 37% for PM10, PM2.5, and BC, consistent with observed from satellite images and up to 160% for NOx, CO, NMVOC, and SOx. However, the residential sector has increased their emissions by 8% for the same period. As a consequence, 3337 Gg of CO2eq of GHG emissions were reduced, corresponding to a 20% reduction compared to the same period in 2019. Besides, a 26% reduction in gross domestic product (GDP) was observed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results show that each Tg of GHG reduction was associated to a 0.16% reduction of the GDP from the analyzed sectors. Thus, without a voluntary reduction in consumption associated to significant cultural and technological changes, reduction in GHG would still be associated with deepening inequalities and asymmetries between high and low consumption sectors (i.e., with better (lesser) education, health, and job opportunities), even within countries and cities.Fil: Bolaño Ortiz, Tomas Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; ArgentinaFil: Puliafito, Salvador Enrique. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Berná Peña, Lucas Luciano. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Ministerio de Ciencia. Tecnología e Innovación Productiva. Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica; ArgentinaFil: Pascual Flores, Romina María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; ArgentinaFil: Urquiza, Josefina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Camargo Caicedo, Yiniva. Universidad del Magdalena; Colombi

Mechanisms of Tolerance and Resistance to Chlorhexidine in Clinical Strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae Producers of Carbapenemase: Role of New Type II Toxin-Antitoxin System, PemIK

Although the failure of antibiotic treatment is normally attributed to resistance, tolerance and persistence display a significant role in the lack of response to antibiotics. Due to the fact that several nosocomial pathogens show a high level of tolerance and/or resistance to chlorhexidine, in this study we analyzed the molecular mechanisms associated with chlorhexidine adaptation in two clinical strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae by phenotypic and transcriptomic studies. These two strains belong to ST258-KPC3 (high-risk clone carrying β-lactamase KPC3) and ST846-OXA48 (low-risk clone carrying β-lactamase OXA48). Our results showed that the K. pneumoniae ST258-KPC3CA and ST846-OXA48CA strains exhibited a different behavior under chlorhexidine (CHLX) pressure, adapting to this biocide through resistance and tolerance mechanisms, respectively. Furthermore, the appearance of cross-resistance to colistin was observed in the ST846-OXA48CA strain (tolerant to CHLX), using the broth microdilution method. Interestingly, this ST846-OXA48CA isolate contained a plasmid that encodes a novel type II toxin/antitoxin (TA) system, PemI/PemK. We characterized this PemI/PemK TA system by cloning both genes into the IPTG-inducible pCA24N plasmid, and found their role in persistence and biofilm formation. Accordingly, the ST846-OXA48CA strain showed a persistence biphasic curve in the presence of a chlorhexidine-imipenem combination, and these results were confirmed by the enzymatic assay (WST-1).The State Plan for R+D+I 2013–2016 National Plan for Scientific Research, Technological Development and Innovation 2008–2011 PI16/01163 and PI19/00878ISCIII-Deputy General Directorate for Evaluation and Promotion of Research - European Regional Development Fund “A way of Making Europe” and Instituto de Salud Carlos III FEDER, Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases REIPI, RD16/0016/0001, RD16/CIII/0004/0002 and RD16/0016/0006The Study Group on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance to Antimicrobials, GEMAR

Identifying patterns and sources of anthropogenic trace metals in the Argentine Central Andes by using snow samples and an atmospheric dispersion model

This study presents the first local measurements of metals in snow from the Argentine Central Andes. Cu, Pb and Zn were selected as specific tracers of anthropogenic local emission sources in the study area. Snow samples were collected during winter (2014, 2015 and 2016) at two sites with different characteristics: Punta de Vacas and Vallecitos. The samples were analyzed by ICP-MS, and the average concentrations found were 1.4 μg L-1 (Cu), 2.2 μg L-1 (Pb) and 14.2 μg L-1 (Zn) in the snow samples from Vallecitos, and 5.3 μg L-1 (Cu), 2.6 μg L-1 (Pb) and 24.0 μg L-1 (Zn) in the snow samples from Punta de Vacas. These data and the snowfall amount in each sampling site were statistically analyzed. Results suggested that the levels of metals in the snow are influenced not only by the atmospheric concentrations, but also by the amount of precipitated snow. Additionally, an atmospheric dispersion model, CALPUFF, was applied in the study area to determine the origin of the studied metals and to understand the spatial distribution pattern of the concentrations found. Results showed that the metal atmospheric loads in the study area originated from local sources, especially vehicular traffic and mining. This work represents an important contribution to the knowledge and preservation of the local Andean cryosphere, and it could be used as an input to develop protection policies in the area through the combination of different and complementary tools for the evaluation of air quality.Fil: Ruggeri, María Florencia. Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria.; Chile. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Castesana, Paula Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín; Argentina. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Gerencia del Área de Seguridad Nuclear y Ambiente. Gerencia de Química (CAC); ArgentinaFil: Bolaño Ortiz, Tomas Rafael. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Puliafito, Salvador Enrique. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Pascual Flores, Romina María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Altamirano, Jorgelina Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Allende, David Gabriel. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional de Mendoza; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentin

A techno-economic and life cycle assessment for the production of green methanol from CO2: catalyst and process bottlenecks

The success of catalytic schemes for the large-scale valorization of CO2 does not only depend on the development of active, selective and stable catalytic materials but also on the overall process design. Here we present a multidisciplinary study (from catalyst to plant and techno-economic/lifecycle analysis) for the production of green methanol from renewable H2 and CO2. We combine an in-depth kinetic analysis of one of the most promising recently reported methanol-synthesis catalysts (InCo) with a thorough process simulation and techno-economic assessment. We then perform a life cycle assessment of the simulated process to gauge the real environmental impact of green methanol production from CO2. Our results indicate that up to 1.75 ton of CO2 can be abated per ton of produced methanol only if renewable energy is used to run the process, while the sensitivity analysis suggest that either rock-bottom H2 prices (1.5 $kg−1) or severe CO2 taxation (300$ per ton) are needed for a profitable methanol plant. Besides, we herein highlight and analyze some critical bottlenecks of the process. Especial attention has been paid to the contribution of H2 to the overall plant costs, CH4 trace formation, and purity and costs of raw gases. In addition to providing important information for policy makers and industrialists, directions for catalyst (and therefore process) improvements are outlined.The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). T. Cordero-Lanzac and A.T. Aguayo acknowledge the financial support received from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation with some ERDF funds (CTQ2016-77812-R) and the Basque Government (IT1218-19). T. Cordero-Lanzac also acknowledges the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport for the award of his FPU grant (FPU15-01666). A. Navajas and L.M. Gandía gratefully acknowledge the financial support from Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF/FEDER) (grant RTI2018-096294-B-C31). L.M. Gandía also thanks Banco de Santander and Universidad Pública de Navarra for their financial support under ‘’Programa de Intensificación de la Investigación 2018’ initiative