Novo Recorte Geopolítico Mundial: uma ordem uni-multipolar, uma grande guerra e o jogo de “contenções múltiplas”

A nova ordem internacional decorre dos efeitos provocados por dois acontecimentos “detonadores” – o final da guerra fria e o 11 de Setembro – que conduziram a alterações substanciais na estrutura de poder mundial, e por um outro “revelador” da realidade das relações de poder e de força – a crise iraquiana. Segundo o autor, o novo recorte geopolítico mundial é actualmente caracterizado por um modelo complexo e original na estrutura de poder mundial que podemos designar por uni-multipolar, e pela coexistência de dois vastos movimentos geopolíticos e geoestratégicos – a “grande guerra” contra o terrorismo, a proliferação das armas de destruição massiva e os Estados Párias, por um lado, e o jogo de “contenções múltiplas” entre a pressão hegemónica dos Estados Unidos e as grandes potências (UE, Rússia e China) que se batem no sentido de conter ou mesmo contrariar essa hegemonia, por outro. Estes amplos movimentos geopolíticos ocorrem ainda num contexto fortemente marcado pela emergência das ameaças assimétricas e pela tentativa de se estabelecerem novas estratégias para lhes fazer face, pois os conceitos operacionais de acções preventivas e preemptivas ganharam um novo sentido

China e Médio Oriente : energia, claro, mas não só...

As relações entre Pequim e o Médio Oriente são um fenómeno recente relacionado com a ressurgência da China como grande potência e as suas crescentes necessidades de abastecimento energético. A China é o segundo maior consumidor mundial de energia e o país que regista o mais rápido aumento de consumo petróleo e dependência energética, daí a aproximação ao Médio Oriente, onde se encontram as maiores reservas. Nas suas relações com Estados do Médio Oriente (que já vão muito para além dos negócios energéticos) a China tem tido uma dupla preocupação: por um lado, aproveitar as hostilidades regionais face aos Estados Unidos, mas sem antagonizar a superpotência, cuja relação bilateral é o eixo central da política externa chinesa; por outro, desenvolver uma estratégia onmi-direccional, isto é, estabelecer relações amigáveis e produtivas com todos os países da região, de modo a que todos contribuam para o fortalecimento do seu “poder nacional abrangente” e simultaneamente, evitar posicionar parcialmente a China nos complexos conflitos regionais

Individual variability in space use near power lines by a long-lived territorial raptor

Research ArticleEvaluating species responses to anthropogenic infrastructures and other habitat changes is often used to assess environmental impacts and to guide conservation actions. However, such studies are generally carried out at the population level, disregarding inter-individual variability. Here, we investigate population-and individual-level responses toward power lines of a territorial raptor, the Bonelli's eagle Aquila fasciata. We used GPS-PTT tracking data of 17 adult eagles to model space use as a function of distance to transmission and distribution lines, while accounting for other habitat features known to affect this species. At population level, eagles increased the intensity of space use in the proximity of power lines (up to 1,000 m), suggesting an attraction effect. At individual level, some eagles shared the general population attraction pattern, while others showed reduced intensity of space use in the proximity of power lines. These differential responses were unrelated to the sex of individuals, but were affected by the characteristics of the power grid, with a tendency for apparent attraction to be associated with individuals occupying home ranges with a denser network of transmission lines and transmission pylons. However, the study could not rule out the operation of other potentially influential factors, such as individual idiosyncrasies, the spatial distribution of prey availability, and the availability of natural perches and nesting sites. Overall, these results suggest that power lines may drive different behaviors and have differential impacts across individuals, with those attracted to the proximity of power lines potentially facing increased risk of mortality through electrocution and collision, and those avoiding power lines being potentially subject to exclusion effects. More generally, our results reinforce the need to understand individual variability when assessing and mitigating impacts of anthropogenic infrastructuresinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A NATO como comunidade de valores e o seu novo papel político

A NATO e as relações transatlânticas : de Madrid a Vilnius / coordenação [de] José Matos Correia. - Lisboa : Universidade Lusíada. 2023. - ISBN 978-989-640-263-1. - P...-..

Emotional states in adolescents: time of day X chronotype effects while controlling for psychopathological symptoms and sleep variables

The current study was developed under the larger research project True Times - Morningness-eveningness and time-of-day effects on cognitive performances and emotional states: New lessons from children and adolescents- PTDC/PSI-ESP/32581/2017 and CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-032581.The present study primarily aimed to investigate the interactive effect of chronotype and time of day on adolescent’s emotional states. Chronotype influences behaviour throughout the day, with variables such as mood exhibiting circadian rhythmicity. We also considered the influence of potential covariates, such as sleep variables and psychopathological symptoms. A total of 190 8th-grade students (53.7% males; mean age 13.47 ±.70) completed a two-part protocol: part one probing sleep (BaSIQS), chronotype (CSM), and psychopathological symptoms (SDQ); part two targeting emotional states (FS; STAIC-S; EAPNC), while manipulating the time of day (first and last hours of the school day). The hypothesized interaction failed to reach significance, despite correlational analyses and visual inspection of mean values suggesting some interactive effects. Time of day independently impacted positive emotional states, rising from morning to afternoon, and anxiety-state, which dropped. Chronotype independently influenced momentary mood (non-significant when sleep and psychopathological symptoms were controlled for), positive affect (non-significant when controlling for psychopathological symptoms), and anxiety (non-significant when sleep quality and psychopathological symptoms were controlled for). There were consistent effects of time of day, but its interaction with chronotype did not reach significance. Some associations between chronotype and emotional states seemed to be influenced by sleep and/or psychopathological symptoms.This work was supported by the European Regional Development Fund - FEDER [CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-032581], through the program Portugal-2020 (PT2020) and the Regional Operational Programme in the Center, and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology FCT - I.P./MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC) [PTDC/PSI-ESP/32581/2017]

On India's strategic culture

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