ATHENA detector proposal - a totally hermetic electron nucleus apparatus proposed for IP6 at the Electron-Ion Collider

ATHENA has been designed as a general purpose detector capable of delivering the full scientific scope of the Electron-Ion Collider. Careful technology choices provide fine tracking and momentum resolution, high performance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimetry, hadron identification over a wide kinematic range, and near-complete hermeticity.This article describes the detector design and its expected performance in the most relevant physics channels. It includes an evaluation of detector technology choices, the technical challenges to realizing the detector and the R&D required to meet those challenges

Infiltration characteristics of two instrumented residual soil slopes.

This paper presents the analysis of a 12 month long field study of the infiltration characteristics of two residual soil slopes in Singapore. The field measurements consist of rainfall data, runoff data of natural and simulated rainfall events, and pore-water pressure changes during infiltration at several depths and at several locations on the two slopes. The analysis of the field measurements identifies the total rainfall and the initial pore-water pressures within the two slopes as the controlling parameters for the changes in the pore-water pressures within the slopes during infiltration.Accepted versio

Modified triaxial apparatus for shearing-infiltration test.

A triaxial apparatus was modified and developed for performing shearing-infiltration tests under saturated and unsaturated conditions. Miniature pore-water pressure transducers were installed at different heights of the soil specimen for pore-water pressure measurement. Two different types of miniature pressure transducers were used, and problems associated with the transducers are discussed. Ancillary works and equipment to install the miniature transducers onto the soil specimen are also discussed. The measurement of air entry value of the small disk in the transducer was found to be very difficult. The results show that the soil specimen failed during infiltration due to increase in pore-water pressure or decrease in matric suction.Accepted versio