Postmastectomy irradiation in breast in breast cancer patients with T1-2 and 1-3 positive axillary lymph nodes: Is there a role for radiation therapy?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>We aimed to evaluate retrospectively the correlation of loco-regional relapse (LRR) rate, distant metastasis (DM) rate, disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in a group of breast cancer (BC) patients who are at intermediate risk for LRR (T1-2 tumor and 1-3 positive axillary nodes) treated with or without postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) following modified radical mastectomy (MRM).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Ninety patients, with T1-T2 tumor, and 1-3 positive nodes who had undergone MRM received adjuvant systemic therapy with (n = 66) or without (n = 24) PMRT. Patient-related characteristics (age, menopausal status, pathological stage/tumor size, tumor location, histology, estrogen/progesterone receptor status, histological grade, nuclear grade, extracapsular extension, lymphatic, vascular and perineural invasion and ratio of involved nodes/dissected nodes) and treatment-related factors (PMRT, chemotherapy and hormonal therapy) were evaluated in terms of LRR and DM rate. The 5-year Kaplan-Meier DFS and OS rates were analysed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Differences between RT and no-RT groups were statistically significant for all comparisons in favor of RT group except OS: LRR rate (3%vs 17%, p = 0.038), DM rate (12% vs 42%, p = 0.004), 5 year DFS (82.4% vs 52.4%, p = 0.034), 5 year OS (90,2% vs 61,9%, p = 0.087). In multivariate analysis DM and lymphatic invasion were independent poor prognostic factors for OS.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>PMRT for T1-2, N1-3 positive BC patients has to be reconsidered according to the prognostic factors and the decision has to be made individually with the consideration of long-term morbidity and with the patient approval.</p

Colonic Metastasis from Carcinoma of the Breast that Mimicks a Primary Intestinal Cancer

Although the lung, liver, or bones are the most common location for distant metastases in breast cancer patients, metastases to the intestinal tract are very rarely recognized in the clinic. We will present an unusual case of colonic metastasis from a carcinoma of the breast that mimics a primary intestinal cancer, along with a through review of English language medical literature. Despite the fact that isolated gastrointestinal (GI) metastases are very rare and much less common than benign disease processes or second primaries of the intestinal tract in patients with a history of breast cancer, metastatic disease should be given consideration whenever a patient experiences GI symptoms

A Review on Colorimetric Sensing of Tumor Markers Based on Enzyme-Mimicking Nanomaterials

Nanomedicine is an arising field that exploits nanotechnology concepts for pioneered therapy and diagnostics. Colorimetric sensors for tumor markers have displayed interesting benefits compared to conventional systems in clinical laboratory diagnosis. Colorimetric immunoassay-based approaches show up-and-coming results since the goal cancer marker is determined with high sensitivity but without the utilization of advanced/ expensive techniques through an effortless optical color change. Also, colorimetric biosensor has the potential to detect proteins in biological fluids swiftly with high sensitivity, and they are anticipated to play a progressively serious role in tumor diagnosis. We reviewed (covering the period 2015-2020) various studies based on colorimetric sensing strategy using nanostructured materials (highly efficient enzyme mimics, artificial enzymes or nanozymes) to detect different tumor antigens in biological fluids. Specifically, we highlighted the recent progress and efforts in the construction of colorimetric immunosensors. Colorimetric immunosensors can be roughly divided into two main categories: transition metal nanozyme-based sensing and noble metal nanozyme-based sensing

Development of encapsulation techniques for the production and conservation of synthetic seeds in ornamental plants

The synthetic seed ("synseed") technology, initially developed through the encapsulation of somatic embryos, is now available for the use with non-embryogenic in vitro-derived explants, such as buds and nodal segments. For ornamental plants, to date there are few reports dealing with the production and the conservation of synseeds. Hence, the present study was conducted to develop an efficient encapsulation protocol for apical and axillary buds from various ornamental shrubs, i.e., oleander (Nerium oleander L.), photinia (Photinia fraseri Dress.), and lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.). For encapsulation, apical and axillary buds were excised, directly immersed in a Na-alginate solution, and then released dropwise in 100 mM CaCl2 center dot 2H(2)O for bead hardening. With photinia, best results were achieved when the synseeds were prepared using 3% Na-alginate, beads hardened for 30 min and germinated on hormone-free or BA-containing gelled MS medium. Thus, up to 92% of synseeds germinated and converted to shoots in a period of 10-11 days. The synthetic seeds of lilac, containing apical buds, showed a shorter germination time when 10-30 g 1(-1) sucrose was included in their "artificial endosperm". Successful medium-term conservation was then achieved with the storage of synthetic seeds at 4 degrees C in the dark on gelled MS medium, where up to 75% (oleander) and and 9 1 % (photinia) synseeds still germinated after 2 or 3 months of cold storage, respectively. Moreover, promising results have been obtained with the cryopreservation of photinia apical buds by means of the technique of "encapsulation-dehydration"

Palliative radiotherapy for malign melanoma: a case report

Malignant melanoma is a skin cancer with poor prognosis. Historically melanoma has been thought of as a relatively radioresistant tumour. Nowadays, radiation delivered according to hypofractionated schedule is the most used, although there are few data confirm that this schedule improves the therapeutic impact. We report a case, with stage IV malignant melanoma, whose tumoral bleeding was palliated successfully giving 20 Gy external radiotherapy in 5 fractionations

Postmastectomy irradiation in breast in breast cancer patients with T1-2 and 1-3 positive axillary lymph nodes: Is there a role for radiation therapy?

Background: We aimed to evaluate retrospectively the correlation of loco-regional relapse (LRR) rate, distant metastasis (DM) rate, disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in a group of breast cancer (BC) patients who are at intermediate risk for LRR (T1-2 tumor and 1-3 positive axillary nodes) treated with or without postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) following modified radical mastectomy (MRM)

Prevention of radiation-induced liver and kiney toxicity: a role for amifostine

OBJECTIVE

Clinical and prognostic features of plasmacytomas: A multicenter study of Turkish Oncology Group-Sarcoma Working Party

To identify the outcomes of prognostic factors of solitary plasmacytoma mainly treated with local radiotherapy (FIT). The data were collected from 80 patients with solitary plasmacytoma (SP). Forty patients (50.0%) received radiotherapy (FIT) alone while 38 of them (47.5%) were treated with surgery (S) and FIT. The median radiation dose was 46 Gy (range 30-64). The median follow up was 2.41 years (range 0.33-12.33). Ten-year overall survival (OS) and local relapse-free survival (LRFS) were 73% and 94%, respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and multiple myeloma-free survival (MMFS) were 3.5 years and 4.8 years, respectively. On multivariate analyses, the favorable factors were radiotherapy dose of >= 50 Gy and RT + S for PFS and younger age for MMFS. For the patients with medullary plasmacytoma, the favorable factor was younger age for MMFS. RT at >= 50 Gy and RT + S may be favorable prognostic factors on PFS. Younger patients, especially with head-neck lesion and without pre-RT macroscopic tumor, seem to have the best outcome when treated with RT +/- S. Progression to MM remains as the main problem especially for older patients