3,205 research outputs found
S-Packing Colorings of Cubic Graphs
Given a non-decreasing sequence of positive
integers, an {\em -packing coloring} of a graph is a mapping from
to such that any two vertices with color
are at mutual distance greater than , . This paper
studies -packing colorings of (sub)cubic graphs. We prove that subcubic
graphs are -packing colorable and -packing
colorable. For subdivisions of subcubic graphs we derive sharper bounds, and we
provide an example of a cubic graph of order which is not
-packing colorable
Graph multicoloring reduction methods and application to McDiarmid-Reed's Conjecture
A -coloring of a graph associates to each vertex a set of
colors from a set of colors in such a way that the color-sets of adjacent
vertices are disjoints. We define general reduction tools for -coloring
of graphs for . In particular, we prove necessary and sufficient
conditions for the existence of a -coloring of a path with prescribed
color-sets on its end-vertices. Other more complex -colorability
reductions are presented. The utility of these tools is exemplified on finite
triangle-free induced subgraphs of the triangular lattice. Computations on
millions of such graphs generated randomly show that our tools allow to find
(in linear time) a -coloring for each of them. Although there remain few
graphs for which our tools are not sufficient for finding a -coloring,
we believe that pursuing our method can lead to a solution of the conjecture of
McDiarmid-Reed.Comment: 27 page
A characterization of b-chromatic and partial Grundy numbers by induced subgraphs
Gy{\'a}rf{\'a}s et al. and Zaker have proven that the Grundy number of a
graph satisfies if and only if contains an induced
subgraph called a -atom.The family of -atoms has bounded order and
contains a finite number of graphs.In this article, we introduce equivalents of
-atoms for b-coloring and partial Grundy coloring.This concept is used to
prove that determining if and (under
conditions for the b-coloring), for a graph , is in XP with parameter .We
illustrate the utility of the concept of -atoms by giving results on
b-critical vertices and edges, on b-perfect graphs and on graphs of girth at
least
Subdivision into i-packings and S-packing chromatic number of some lattices
An -packing in a graph is a set of vertices at pairwise distance
greater than . For a nondecreasing sequence of integers
, the -packing chromatic number of a graph is
the least integer such that there exists a coloring of into colors
where each set of vertices colored , , is an -packing.
This paper describes various subdivisions of an -packing into -packings
(j\textgreater{}i) for the hexagonal, square and triangular lattices. These
results allow us to bound the -packing chromatic number for these graphs,
with more precise bounds and exact values for sequences ,
Extended core and choosability of a graph
A graph is -choosable if for any color list of size associated
with each vertices, one can choose a subset of colors such that adjacent
vertices are colored with disjoint color sets. This paper shows an equivalence
between the -choosability of a graph and the -choosability of one
of its subgraphs called the extended core. As an application, this result
allows to prove the -choosability and -colorability of
triangle-free induced subgraphs of the triangular lattice.Comment: 10 page
Mandible Cleft: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
Median cleft of the lower lip and associated structures is a relatively rare condition. We report the case of a patient with mandibular cleft. Unlike other reported cases of similar disorders, there was no cleft of the lower lip. The literature on median clefts of the lower lip and mandible is reviewed, and the etiology and treatment are discussed
Vectorial solutions to list multicoloring problems on graphs
For a graph with a given list assignment on the vertices, we give an
algebraical description of the set of all weights such that is
-colorable, called permissible weights. Moreover, for a graph with a
given list and a given permissible weight , we describe the set of all
-colorings of . By the way, we solve the {\sl channel assignment
problem}. Furthermore, we describe the set of solutions to the {\sl on call
problem}: when is not a permissible weight, we find all the nearest
permissible weights . Finally, we give a solution to the non-recoloring
problem keeping a given subcoloring.Comment: 10 page
Choosability of a weighted path and free-choosability of a cycle
A graph with a list of colors and weight for each vertex
is -colorable if one can choose a subset of colors from
for each vertex , such that adjacent vertices receive disjoint color
sets. In this paper, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for a weighted
path to be -colorable for some list assignments . Furthermore, we
solve the problem of the free-choosability of a cycle.Comment: 9 page
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