Zooplankton distribution patterns in relation to the Antarctic Polar Front Zones Recorded by Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) during 1999/2000 Kaiyo Maru cruise

During the 8th Antarctic Expedition of the R/V Kaiyo Maru of the Japan Fisheries Agency, October 1999 to March 2000,a Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) was used to investigate zooplankton composition and abundance in the surface of the Indian sector of Southern Ocean between South Africa and Antarctica. Total zooplankton abundance ranged from 0 to 432 individuals/segment (a 5 nautical miles of the surface towing) (Mean±SD=69.7±83.5). Zooplankton abundance tended to be higher in the high latitudes than the Sub-Antarctic Front (SAF). Opposite correlations were observed between zooplankton and seawater temperature (negative), salinity (positive) and in vivo fluorescence value (positive) reflecting the higher abundance of zooplankton found in the cooler waters south of the SAF, which also have higher salinities and phytoplankton. Among twenty-nine species/taxa identified, cyclopoid copepod Oithona spp. were found throughout the transect, and accounted for 53.3% of total zooplankton abundance. Cluster analysis based on seventeen dominant zooplankton species/taxa revealed two groups and three ungrouped individual species/taxa at the 84% dissimilarity level. On the other hand, the cluster analysis based on the samples obtained in a 5 nautical miles indicated two major distinctive zooplankton community groups at 89% dissimilarity level. The main group included most segments in the Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ : region between SAF and the Polar Front) and Antarctic Zone (AZ : south of the Polar Front) with high zooplankton abundance while the second mainly group comprised lower latitude segment with low abundance (<100 individuals/segment)

Transcriptional Repression of Cdc25B by IER5 Inhibits the Proliferation of Leukemic Progenitor Cells through NF-YB and p300 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

The immediately-early response gene 5 (IER5) has been reported to be induced by γ-ray irradiation and to play a role in the induction of cell death caused by radiation. We previously identified IER5 as one of the 2,3,4-tribromo-3-methyl-1-phenylphospholane 1-oxide (TMPP)-induced transcriptional responses in AML cells, using microarrays that encompassed the entire human genome. However, the biochemical pathway and mechanisms of IER5 function in regulation of the cell cycle remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the involvement of IER5 in the cell cycle and in cell proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. We found that the over-expression of IER5 in AML cell lines and in AML-derived ALDHhi (High Aldehyde Dehydrogenase activity)/CD34+ cells inhibited their proliferation compared to control cells, through induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest and a decrease in Cdc25B expression. Moreover, the over-expression of IER5 reduced colony formation of AML-derived ALDHhi/CD34+ cells due to a decrease in Cdc25B expression. In addition, over-expression of Cdc25B restored TMPP inhibitory effects on colony formation in IER5-suppressed AML-derived ALDHhi/CD34+ cells. Furthermore, the IER5 reduced Cdc25B mRNA expression through direct binding to Cdc25B promoter and mediated its transcriptional attenuation through NF-YB and p300 transcriptinal factors. In summary, we found that transcriptional repression mediated by IER5 regulates Cdc25B expression levels via the release of NF-YB and p300 in AML-derived ALDHhi/CD34+ cells, resulting in inhibition of AML progenitor cell proliferation through modulation of cell cycle. Thus, the induction of IER5 expression represents an attractive target for AML therapy

ショクヒンチョウキカイジョウユソウ ノ タメ ノ コンテナナイブジョウキョウリアルタイムカンシシステム ノ カイハツジレイ

コンテナを用いた食品の長期海上輸送では,不適切な空調により食料品に荷傷みが発生したとしても発生状況の特定が困難であり,責任の所在が不明確な場合が多く,トレーサビリティや食の安全に関わる問題を有している。そこで本研究では,センサネットワーク技術を用いたリアルタイム温湿度計測システムを開発し,コンテナによる長期海上輸送における空調状況を衛星通信とインターネット経由で監視する簡易技術を開発した。このシステムを実際のコンテナに搭載し,2008年11&sim;12月の期間,東京&middot;ドバイ航路にて実証実験を行った。その結果,シンガポール港における積み替え時においてコンテナ内部の異常な温湿度上昇を検知するなど,提案するシステムが異常検知に効果的であることが確認できた。しかし,イリジウム衛星によるデータ通信では通信エラーが連続して発生する場合もあり,対策が必要なことを確認した。Since the immediate detection of the damage to foods due to inadequate control of air condition in container is not an easy task and responsibility for any trouble is usually unclear, the transportation of agricultural products overseas from Japan is known to have problems concerned with traceability and food security. In order to find a solution to this problem, the authors have developed a real-time monitoring system of internal air conditions of container through satellite communication and the Internet using sensor network technologies for long-term marine transport of agricultural products. In this paper, we report on the experiment of marine transportation to Dubai from Tokyo in the period of November to December, 2008. Throughout the experiment, it is validated that the present system is one of the most cost-effective real-time monitoring systems and the system could successfully detect a rapid change of temperature and humidity of the container in transshipment at Singapore Port. However, a series of data communication errors often occurred and it was understood that improvement in establishing stable data communication by Iridium satellite must be one of the important future subjects of this study

Nationwide surveillance of bacterial respiratory pathogens conducted by the surveillance committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases, and the Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology in 2010: General view of the pathogens\u27 antibacterial susceptibility

The nationwide surveillance on antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial respiratory pathogens from patients in Japan, was conducted by Japanese Society of Chemotherapy, Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases and Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology in 2010.The isolates were collected from clinical specimens obtained from well-diagnosed adult patients with respiratory tract infections during the period from January and April 2010 by three societies. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted at the central reference laboratory according to the method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institutes using maximum 45 antibacterial agents.Susceptibility testing was evaluable with 954 strains (206 Staphylococcus aureus, 189 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 4 Streptococcus pyogenes, 182 Haemophilus influenzae, 74 Moraxella catarrhalis, 139 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 160 Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Ratio of methicillin-resistant S.aureus was as high as 50.5%, and those of penicillin-intermediate and -resistant S.pneumoniae were 1.1% and 0.0%, respectively. Among H.influenzae, 17.6% of them were found to be β-lactamase-non-producing ampicillin (ABPC)-intermediately resistant, 33.5% to be β-lactamase-non-producing ABPC-resistant and 11.0% to be β-lactamase-producing ABPC-resistant strains. Extended spectrum β-lactamase-producing K.pneumoniae and multi-drug resistant P.aeruginosa with metallo β-lactamase were 2.9% and 0.6%, respectively.Continuous national surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility of respiratory pathogens is crucial in order to monitor changing patterns of susceptibility and to be able to update treatment recommendations on a regular basis

Protein crystallization induced by poly(ethylene) glycol : A small angle x-ray scattering study(Poster session 1, New Frontiers in Colloidal Physics : A Bridge between Micro- and Macroscopic Concepts in Soft Matter)

この論文は国立情報学研究所の電子図書館事業により電子化されました。水溶性高分子が球状タンパク質分子間にどのような相互作用をどのようなメカニズムで誘起するのかを知ることは、タンパク質溶液の制御(安定化や結晶化など)のために重要である。また、通常電荷を持ち、静電的に安定化しているタンパク質溶液の構造を、電荷を持たない水溶性の高分子が不安定化するメカニズムはソフトマターの液体構造という視点からも興味深い。本研究では、モデルタンパク質として直径約8nmのグルコースイソメラーゼを用い、水溶性高分子ポリエチレングリコールが誘起するタンパク質の溶液構造変化を、X線小角散乱法によって測定した。Proteins in aqueous solutions usually have surface charges which stabilize the solution. By adding salt or changing pH of the solution to decrease the electrostatic stabilization induces the molecular aggregation. On the other hand, it is well known that water-soluble polymers such as polyethylene glycol can destabilize protein solutions. Since these polymers often do not have any charges, it is believed that the primary mechanism of the destabilization is the depletion attraction at so-called protein limit, where the size of polymers is much larger than that of proteins. The real situation is, however, far more complicated than the model in theories. For example, the size of typical proteins (a few nanometers) is more or less similar to that of polymers frequently used for protein solutions. Moreover, as mentioned above, proteins have charges, which can a ect the depletion interaction. Croze and Cates suggested that there is a nonadditive property between the electrostatic interaction and the depletion interaction. Our aim of this study, therefore, is to give experimental information on the structure of protein solutions with polymers while controlling the electrostatic interactions with added salt

Synthesis and Characterization of Cyclodextrin-Based Polyhemiaminal Composites with Enhanced Thermal Stability

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Comparative study of inclusion complex formation between β-cyclodextrin (host) and aromatic diamines (guests) by mixing in hot water, co-precipitation, and solid-state grinding methods

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Micro and Nanobubble Based Strategy for Gas-Liquid-Solid Multiphase Reactions: Palladium-Catalysed Hydrogenation of Carbon-Carbon Unsaturated Bonds

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