<原著>「生活健康スケール」を用いた看護学生の痴呆老人理解の試み

本研究の目的は, 中島による「生活健康スケール」を学生が使用することによって, 痴呆理解という目的が達成できるかどうかを検討し, 今後の看護教育のあり方を考察することである。本学3年生100名を対象に, 自由記述形式によるアンケート調査を行い, データをKJ法によって分析した。その結果最も多かったのは, 「このスケールでは痴呆の評価はできない」, 「痴呆の評価は難しい」などの意見であった。また「痴呆について感じたこと」については, 「痴呆だということがわかりづらい」という答えが最も多かった。この結果から, 痴呆を評価することの"生活者の視点を大切にする必要性"を学ぶことができたと考えられた。しかしこれは痴呆の状態の一部の理解ができたにすぎず, 今後はより個別な痴呆症状を理解する必要がある。The purpose of this study was to determine whether students could understand dementia by its assessment using a "Well Being Scale For Senile Dementia" and discuss the appropriate state of instructions in the understanding of dementia. A questionnaire survey of 100 student nurses in the 3rd year of our college was carried out by the free description method. The most frequently observed opinion was "assessment is impossible" or "assessment is difficult". Concerning what the student felt about dementia, the most frequent opinion was "Dementia is difficult to understand." Thus, the students could learn that assessment of dementia is difficult and requires much time, and the viewpoint as a person who leads a daily life is important. However, these represent only a part of the dementia state, and further understanding of individual symptoms of dementia are necessary.国立情報学研究所で電子

就学前の子どもを対象とした発達質問紙（試案）の作成－就学時の支援に向けて－

集団の中で適応できない就学前の子どもたちが問題となっており，従来の乳幼児健診では気づかれにくい現状である。そこで本研究は円滑な就学移行支援に結びつくように，社会性やコミュニケーションの発達，行動特性など発達全般を評価できる年長児を対象とする発達質問紙作成を目的とした。事前調査で得られた保育現場において発達指標として注目する項目，気になる子どもの行動等の項目を参考に，発達質問紙試案を「運動」，「操作」，「言語」，「生活習慣」，「行動１」，「行動２」の6つの領域で構成し，質問項目を選定するための基礎資料を収集するために本調査を実施した。保育士が記入した対象児177名分，保護者が記入した対象児147名分の回答を得た。結果は出現率で表した「行動２」と「操作」，「言語｣各1項目を除き，本研究で対象とした年長児では通過率は60％以上であり，保育士と保護者の一致率も高いことから，本試案は年長児の発達評価項目として適切であったと考えられる。The purpose of this study is to develop a developmental questionnaire for the assessment of social skills, communication, and behavioral characteristics in 5 to 6-year-old children. Early detection of developmental disorders should bring them support to enter elementary school. We asked nursery school teachers about the developmental mile-stones and behavioral characteristics of children with special needs in a preliminary investigation. The questionnaire contained items chosen from the currently used developmental checklist and new items which nursery school teachers pay attention to when observing behaviors of children. These proposed items on the following 6 categories were evaluated ： motor skills, operation, language, daily habits, behavior1, behavior2. The nursery school teachers and parents of 196 children were asked to fill out the questionnaire. The percentage achieved for each of the items was more than 60%, except for "behavior2", one item of "operation", and one item of "language". The proportion was high for which the nursery school teachers and the parents gave the same answer to each item. The results suggest that this tentative plan is appropriate as a tool for developmental assessment for preschoolers.報告Report

Delegated job design

We develop a theory of delegation within organizations where agents are privately informed about whether they should be engaged in exploitation or in exploration activities. Excessive delegation lead agents to inefficiently herd into exploration in an attempt to boost their market value. The theory is consistent with both high-delegation practices and practices where agents are assigned to activities. Our main result is that an agent should be delegated more the weaker career concerns, a variable that is made endogenous through the firm's technology and its degree of transparency. The theory sheds light on empirical regularities that are previously unexplained, such as a positive relation between wages and delegation, and delegation being more prevalent in closed environments or environments with long-term employment contracts

Cross-national variations in reported discrimination among people treated for major depression worldwide : the ASPEN/INDIGO international study

No study has so far explored differences in discrimination reported by people with major depressive disorder (MDD) across countries and cultures. To (a) compare reported discrimination across different countries, and (b) explore the relative weight of individual and contextual factors in explaining levels of reported discrimination in people with MDD. Cross-sectional multisite international survey (34 countries worldwide) of 1082 people with MDD. Experienced and anticipated discrimination were assessed by the Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC). Countries were classified according to their rating on the Human Development Index (HDI). Multilevel negative binomial and Poisson models were used. People living in ‘very high HDI’ countries reported higher discrimination than those in ‘medium/low HDI’ countries. Variation in reported discrimination across countries was only partially explained by individual-level variables. The contribution of country-level variables was significant for anticipated discrimination only. Contextual factors play an important role in anticipated discrimination. Country-specific interventions should be implemented to prevent discrimination towards people with MDD

Speed to Scale plan

2008-; "Submitted to the Ohio General Assembly, Office of the Governor, Office of Budget and Management and the Ohio Board of Regents."; Report year ends June 30.; Harvested from the web on 8/17/1

Other title: Speed to Scale plan; Other title: Speed to Scale report

2008-; "Submitted to the Ohio General Assembly, Office of the Governor, Office of Budget and Management and the Ohio Board of Regents."; Report year ends June 30.; Harvested from the web on 5/24/1

Introducing Root System Markup Language

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