Somatisasi Dalam Budaya Kolektivis Ditinjau dari Teori Pemaknaan Nelson: Kritik terhadap Psikoanalisa Klasik

Somatisasi adalah gangguan somatoform yang ditandai oleh gejala somatik yang berulang tanpa diketemukan dasar organik yang jelas, yang menyebabkan seseorang sering berkonsultasi ke dokter (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Menurut teori Psikoanalisa klasik1 (van der Kolk dkk., 1996) gangguan somatisasi ini merupakan manifestasi dari kecemasan yang bersifat neurotik. Kecemasan ini bersumber dari konflik internal di dalam diri seseorang, yaitu antara id dan superego (norma masyarakat yang sudah diinternalisasikan). Ketika ego seseorang tidak mampu mengatasi konflik tersebut, maka dorongan-dorongan tersebut akan ditekan ke dalam ketidak-sadaran. Kecemasan akan itransformasikan (dikonversikan) dalam bentuk gejala somatik supaya tidak muncul ke kesadaran. Oleh karena itu gangguan ini disebut juga konversi

Evaluasi Terhadap Asumsi Teoritis Individualisme Dan Kolektivisme: Sebuah Studi Meta Analisis

Since Hofstede (1980) published his research about individualism-collectivism differences among countries, interest in cross-cultural study increased dramatically. However not all studies support each other. So the purpose of this study is to evaluate primary studies that studied individualism-collctivism differences. Articles selected from electronic data¬base (e.g. Proquest, EBSCO, and ERIC) for publication. Forty nine studies were found, but only 15 studies that were relevant. After final evaluation, only 3 studies with 7 data points that actually could be analized. This study found that there are diffe-rences between individualist and collectivist countries in horizontal collectivism. People in collectivist countries are more collectivist than people in individualist countries. In vertical individualism, horizontal indivi¬dualism, and vertical collectivism dimension, homogeneity coefficient (Q) shows that sample drawn from the same source differ systematically. However we can not do moderator analysis because of number of studies are limited. Thus, this study can not explain moderator variables that influence effectc size variation. Keywords: Individualism, Collectivism, meta-analysis

Forgiveness as a Moderator between Perceived Unfair Treatment and Anger With own Children

Referring to Komisi Perlindungan Anak Indonesia (KPAI), the highest perpetrators in family violence were mothers (22%), but there has not been much research on the violence transmission from parents to children and the role of forgiveness as a protective factor. This study aims to examine the role of forgiveness as a moderator of the relationship between the perceived unfair treatment by family members of origin and anger with their own children. Participants involved in this study were 63 mothers who perceived unfair treatment by family members of origin and had children aged between 2 to 7 years old. Data were collected using 3 scales: Personal Forgiveness Scale, Family of Origin Hurt Scale, and Attitude toward Child Scale. The multiple regression analysis showed that there was a significant positive relationship between the perceived unfair treatment and anger with one's own child (gender similarity transmission sample, r = .75, p = .000,n = 31; all sample, r = .77, p = .000, n = 63). The analysis for gender similarity transmission sample showed that 56.7% (and for all samples, 58.4) of the variance in anger with one's own child was explained by the perceived unfair treatment by the mother. Meanwhile, forgiveness does not play as a moderator variable in the association of both variables. The implications of the results of this study are discussed

Evaluasi Terhadap Asumsi Teoritis Individualisme dan Kolektivisme: Sebuah Studi Meta Analisis

Since Hofstede (1980) published his research about individualism-collectivism differences among countries, interest in cross-cultural study increased dramatically. However not all studies support each other. So the purpose of this study is to evaluate primary studies that studied individualism-collctivism differences. Articles selected from electronic data¬base (e.g. Proquest, EBSCO, and ERIC) for publication. Forty nine studies were found, but only 15 studies that were relevant. After final evaluation, only 3 studies with 7 data points that actually could be analized. This study found that there are diffe-rences between individualist and collectivist countries in horizontal collectivism. People in collectivist countries are more collectivist than people in individualist countries. In vertical individualism, horizontal indivi¬dualism, and vertical collectivism dimension, homogeneity coefficient (Q) shows that sample drawn from the same source differ systematically. However we can not do moderator analysis because of number of studies are limited. Thus, this study can not explain moderator variables that influence effectc size variation. Keywords: Individualism, Collectivism, meta-analysis

Somatisasi Dalam Budaya Kolektivis Ditinjau dari Teori Pemaknaan Nelson: Kritik terhadap Psikoanalisa Klasik

Somatisasi adalah gangguan somatoform yang ditandai oleh gejala yang berulang tanpa somatik diketemukan dasar organik yang jelas, yang menyebabkan seseorang sering berkonsultasi ke dokter (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Menurut teori Psikoanalisa klasik 1 (van der Kolk dkk., 1996) gangguan somatisasi ini merupakan manifestasi dari kecemasan yang bersifat neurotik. Kecemasan ini bersumber dari konflik internal di dalam diri seseorang, yaitu antara id dan superego (norma masyarakat yang sudah diinternalisasikan). Ketika ego seseorang tidak mampu mengatasi konflik tersebut, maka dorongan‐dorongan tersebut akan ditekan ke dalam ketidaksadaran. Kecemasan akan ditransformasikan (dikonversikan) dalam bentuk gejala somatik supaya tidak muncul ke kesadaran. Oleh karena itu gangguan ini disebut juga konversi

Evaluasi Terhadap Asumsi Teoritis Individualisme dan Kolektivisme: Sebuah Studi Meta Analisis

Since Hofstede (1980) published his research about individualism‐collectivism differences among countries, interest in crosscultural study increased dramatically. However not all studies support each other. So the purpose of this study is to evaluate primary studies that studied individualism‐collctivism differences. Articles selected from electronic database (e.g. Proquest, EBSCO, and ERIC) forpublication. Forty nine studies were found, but only 15 studies that were relevant. After final evaluation, only 3 studies with 7 data points that actually could be analized. This study found that there are differences between individualist and collectivist countriesin horizontal collectivism. People in collectivist countries are more collectivist than people in individualist countries. In vertical individualism, horizontal individualism, and vertical collectivism dimension, homogeneity coefficient (Q) shows that sample drawn from the same source differ systematically. However we cannot do moderator analysis because of number of studies are limited. Thus, this study can not explain moderator variables that influence effectc size variation

Program Bantu Diri Terapi Kognitif Perilaku: Harapan bagi Penderita Depresi

This article is the first-phased report of a research through a testing of cognitive behavioral therapy module. The subjects involved in this research were 27 students who were experiencing mild to moderate depression. The research design was experiment with a pretest and posttest group. Instruments used in this study were Back Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Automatic Thought Questionnaire (ATQ), Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS). The data was analized using paired t-test. Based on qualitative analysis, the results showed that in general it was easy for the students to understand and do the module independently. This module was very helpful for them in managing thoughts and feelings and specifically in the automatic negative thoughts, dysfunctional thinking, and rules. Nevertheless, this module did not cover the core belief. The results of the t test (t (25)=9.2;