11,193 research outputs found
Model for the magnetoresistance and Hall coefficient of inhomogeneous graphene
We show that when bulk graphene breaks into n-type and p-type puddles, the
in-plane resistivity becomes strongly field dependent in the presence of a
perpendicular magnetic field, even if homoge- neous graphene has a
field-independent resistivity. We calculate the longitudinal resistivity
\rho_{xx} and Hall resistivity \rho_{xy} as a function of field for this
system, using the effective-medium approximation. The conductivity tensors of
the individual puddles are calculated using a Boltzmann approach suit- able for
the band structure of graphene near the Dirac points. The resulting resistivity
agrees well with experiment, provided that the relaxation time is weakly
field-dependent. The calculated Hall resistivity has the sign of the majority
carrier and vanishes when there are equal number of n and p type puddles.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Numerical Study of Energy Loss by a Nanomechanical Oscillator Coupled to a Cooper Pair Box
We calculate the dynamics of a nanomechanical oscillator (NMO) coupled
capacitively to a Cooper pair box (CPB), by solving a stochastic Schrodinger
equation with two Lindblad operators. Both the NMO and the CPB are assumed
dissipative, and the coupling is treated within the rotating wave
approximation. We show numerically that, if the CPB decay time is smaller than
the NMO decay time, the coupled NMO will lose energy faster, and the coupled
CPB more slowly, than do the uncoupled NMO and CPB. The results show that the
efficiency of energy loss by an NMO can be substantially increased if the NMO
is coupled to a CPB.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Tunable Hydrogen Storage in Magnesium - Transition Metal Compounds
Magnesium dihydride (\mgh) stores 7.7 weight % hydrogen, but it suffers
from a high thermodynamic stability and slow (de)hydrogenation kinetics.
Alloying Mg with lightweight transition metals (TM = Sc, Ti, V, Cr) aims at
improving the thermodynamic and kinetic properties. We study the structure and
stability of MgTMH compounds, -1], by first-principles
calculations at the level of density functional theory. We find that the
experimentally observed sharp decrease in hydrogenation rates for
correlates with a phase transition of MgTMH from a fluorite to
a rutile phase. The stability of these compounds decreases along the series Sc,
Ti, V, Cr. Varying the transition metal (TM) and the composition , the
formation enthalpy of MgTMH can be tuned over the substantial
range 0-2 eV/f.u. Assuming however that the alloy MgTM does not
decompose upon dehydrogenation, the enthalpy associated with reversible
hydrogenation of compounds with a high magnesium content () is close to
that of pure Mg.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Tunable Band Gap in Graphene with a Non-Centrosymmetric Superlattice Potential
We show that, if graphene is subjected to the potential from an external
superlattice, a band gap develops at the Dirac point provided the superlattice
potential has broken inversion symmetry. As a numerical example, we calculate
the band structure of graphene in the presence of an external potential due to
periodically patterned gates arranged in a triangular graphene superlattice
(TGS) with broken inversion symmetry, and find that a band gap is created at
both the original and "second generation" Dirac point. The gap can be
controlled, in principle, by changing the external potential and the lattice
constant of the TGS.Comment: 6 figures, Phys. Rev. B 79, 20543
Transient radiative energy transfer in incompressible laminar flows
Analysis and numerical procedures are presented to investigate the transient radiative interactions of nongray absorbing-emitting species in laminar fully-developed flows between two parallel plates. The particular species considered are OH, CO, CO2, and H2O and different mixtures of these. Transient and steady-state results are obtained for the temperaure distribution and bulk temperature for different plate spacings, wall temperatures, and pressures. Results, in general, indicate that the rate of radiative heating can be quite high during earlier times. This information is useful in designing thermal protection systems for transient operations
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