Pengaruh Bimbingan Tentang Risiko Cidera Terhadap Perilaku Pencegahan Cidera Di Sekolah Dasar Bibis Kecamatan Kasihan Bantul YOGYAKARTA

PENGARUH BIMBINGAN TENTANG RISIKO CIDERA TERHADAP PERILAKU PENCEGAHAN CIDERA DI SEKOLAH DASAR BIBIS KECAMATAN KASIHAN BANTUL YOGYAKARTAEffects of Guidance On The Risk of Injury To The Behaviour of Injury Prevention In Elementary School District Bibis Pity Bantul YogyakartaTitih HuriahProgram Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah YogyakartaJl. Lingkar Barat Taman Tirto Kasihan Bantul Yogyakarta 55182e-mail: [email protected] cidera terbesar pada anak usia sekolah di negara sedang berkembang seperti di Indonesia adalah kecelakaan di jalan raya. Hasil survei oleh WHO pada 8 Provinsi di Indonesia tahun 2003 didapatkan angka cidera pada anak usia sekolah sebesar 28,27%. Hasil ini berimplikasi terhadap tingginya angka kematian pada anak usia sekolah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bimbingan tentang resiko cidera terhadap perilaku pencegahan cidera di SD Bibis Kasihan Bantul Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian menggunakan kuasi eksperimental dengan rancangan one group pre test post test design. Subyek penelitian adalah pelajar SD Bibis yang pernah mengalami cidera berjumlah 50 sampel, 25 orang kelompok kontrol dan 25 orang kelompok perlakuan. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner dan cek list observasi. Uji statistik menggunakan SPSS dengan tingkat kemaknaan p < 0,05. Hasil analisis data menggunakan uji z test, perilaku pencegahan cidera anak usia sekolah pada kelompok perlakuan terlihat adanya peningkatan prosentase dari hasil pre test dan post test, yaitu 36% perilaku pencegahan cidera yang baik pada pelajar SD Bibis, dengan nilai p = 0,003 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan perilaku pencegahan cidera antara sebelum dan setelah diberikan perlakuan. Pada kelompok kontrol terjadi peningkatan 8% perilaku pencegahan cidera yang baik pada pelajar SD Bibis, dengan nilai p = 0,157 yang berarti tidak terdapat perbedaan perilaku pencegahan cidera antara nilai pre test dan post test pada kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bimbingan tentang resiko cidera berpengaruh terhadap perilaku pencegahan cidera anak usia sekolah (p = 0,000). Sehingga perlu dilakukan kerja sama dengan berbagai intansi terkait (dinas kesehatan, dinas pendidikan dan dinas perhubungan) untuk implementasi kebijakan pencegahan cidera pada anak usia sekolah.Kata kunci: guidance, cidera, perilaku, anak usia sekolahABSTRACTThe largest cause of injuries in school age children in developing countries such as Indonesia is an accident on the highway. The results of the WHO survey conducted in 8 Provinces in Indonesia in 2003 found the number injured at school age children for 28,27%. These results may have implications for the high mortality in school age children in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the effect of giving guidance about the risk of injury prevention behavior in elementary Bibis Kasihan Bantul Yogyakarta. Research method used is quasy experimental design one group pre test post test design. Research subjects were elementary school students who have experienced Bibis injuries with totaling 50 samples, 25 of the control group and intervention group of 25 peoples. Ways of collecting data using questionnaires and observation check list. Statistical tests using SPSS with value level is p < 0,05. The results of this study data analysis using z test testing, injury prevention behaviors of school age children in the intervention group looks to an increase in the percentage of the pre test and post test, where an increase of 36% injury prevention behavior is good at Bibis Elementary School students, with the value p = 0,003, which means there is a difference between injury prevention behavior before and after a given intervention. In the control group an increase of 8% of injury prevention behaviors in both Bibis Elementary School students, with a value of p = 0,157, which means there is no difference in behavior between the value of injury prevention pre test and post test in the control group. The results showed that the guidance about the risk of injury affects behavior in primary injury prevention school age children's (p = 0,000). So must cooperation with various related institutions (public health, education services and transportation services) to policy implementation order to realize the existence of injury prevention curricula in school age children

Pengembangan Media Pendidikan Kesehatan Audio Visual pada Program Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini–Integrasi Cegah Stunting (PAUD-Incasting) Anak Usia Prasekolah

This study aims to develop audio-visual educational media in the Early Childhood Education (PAUD) program to prevent stunting in preschool children. The research design used is Research and Development (R&amp;D) with the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation or Delivery and Evaluations). The results showed that most resonances were male, as many as 11 respondents (55%), and the highest was SMA, as many as ten respondents (50%). There was an increase in total food intake, breakfast, and dinner, while lunch intake did not differ. The results of education with videos show an influence on food intake and handwashing behavior with a p-value &lt;0.05, but there has been no change in the nutritional status of children. In conclusion, the development of audio-visual educational media in the PAUD program can prevent stunting in preschool children with indicators of increasing food intake, PHBS handwashing behavior, and children's nutritional status. &nbsp; Keywords: Audiovisual, Handwashing Behavior, Nutritional Status, Stunting, Educational Vide

Pengaruh Home Visit Terhadap Penurunan Episode Penyakit Infeksi dan Peningkatan Angka Kecukupan Gizi pada Balita Malnutrisi Akut Berat

Malnutrition is one of the principal causes of child mortality in developing countries including Indonesia. Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) is the most serious form of malnutrition affecting children under-five and is associated with many infectious diseases and nutrition intake. In the last few decades, there has been a paradigm shift in the management of acute malnutrition from a facility-based to community-centered approach. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of home care intervention in decreasing infectious diseases episode and increasing nutrition intake of severe acute malnutrition children aged 6-60 months. Quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group design was carried out for this study. The study was done in two district involving 32 health centers of Yogyakarta province. 56 children with SAM were selected using purposive sampling. The study was performed in three phases, intensive, strengthening and independent phase applying nursing care approach. Data analysis was done by SPSS software. Mean episodes of infectious diseases in the baseline at home care group was 2,64 days and after the intervention the mean was 0,21 days. Nutritional adequacy rate in the baseline only reached 83,65% and after intervention reached 106,23%. During the three months intervention of home care, there were significant decreases in infectious diseases episode and increases nutrition intake with p value 0,0003 and 0,003 respectivel

Gambaran Kesiapsiagaan Perawat Puskesmas dalam Manajemen Bencana di Puskesmas Kasihan I Bantul Yogyakarta

This study offers exploration about nurses ’ role on disaster preparedness in sub district level andprovides implementation strategiesfor health care professionals to adopt in preparation for and in response to disaster. A Qualitative-study with phenomenological approach was chosen to guide this study. In-depth interview and observation was used in data collection. The in-depth interview narrative was transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. Nurses ’ preparedness in sub district level in Puskesmas Kasihan I Bantul remains low. In this study, most of the participants were not implement their role in disaster preparedness, since there was no institutional preparation facing disastrous event. Although all of the participants have been prepared with emergency training, there were no family preparedness that can greatly inhibit the ability and willingness of participant to be available in emergency response. Puskesmas in the basic level area of disaster risk reduction effort should be prepared with the disaster plan and supported with nurses ’preparedness in disaster management.Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran tentang peran perawat pada kesiapsiagaan bencana di tingkat kecamatan dan memberikan informasi terkait strategi implementasi yang dapat dilakukan tenaga kesehatan baik dalam persiapan maupun merespon bencana. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode in-depth interview dan teknik observasi kemudian dianalisis berdasarkan tema-tema yang muncul. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kesiapsiagaan perawat di tingkat kecamatan khususnya di Puskesmas Kasihan I Bantul masih rendah. Dalam penelitian ini, sebagian besar peran tidak dijalankan sebagaimana mestinya, dikarenakan belum adanya persiapan dari pihak institusi dalam persiapan bencana. Meskipun seluruh partisipan telah dibekali pelatihan penanganan kegawatdaruratan, tidak adanya perencanaan bencana dalam keluarga akan menjadi faktor penghambat kesiapan perawat dalam merespon bencana. Puskesmas sebagai pusat layanan kesehatan pada tingkat dasar dalam upaya pengurangan resiko bencana harus disiapkan dengan disaster plan yang didukung dengan peran serta perawat dalam manajemen bencana

School-based Smoking Prevention in Adolescents in Developing Countries: A Literature Review

BACKGROUND: The incidence of diseases due to tobacco consumption has increased, especially in developing countries, where around 90% of smokers start consuming tobacco before the age of 18 years. School-based smoking prevention programs can prevent smoking among adolescents. This program is often implemented in developing countries because it is considered cost-effective, and the results are promising. At present, the school-based smoking prevention program is expanding with many methods. AIM: This study aims to describe the various types of school-based smoking prevention interventions in developing countries. METHODS: This research applied a literature review approach with the process of collecting data through the Science Direct, ProQuest, EBSCO, and NCBI databases. Search literature was by keyword “smoking AND prevention AND school-based AND adolescent AND randomized controlled trials or randomized controlled trials.” Inclusion criteria used for data collection were studies on school-based smoking prevention interventions, full text, and journal publishing from 2015 to 2019, using English. The research conducted in developing countries and prevention interventions was not only for smoking in the traditional way but also in the form of other than the consumption of tobacco such as cigars, smokeless tobacco, and hookah or shisha. Exclusion criteria in this review were publication articles not in the form of original publications such as letters to editors, only abstracts, and books. RESULTS: The literature search results found 594 journals with details of 99 Science direct journals, ProQuest 385 journals, NCBI 85 journals, and 25 EBSCO journals. The entire database belongs to the inclusion criteria and only seven articles meet the requirements. The results of the analysis revealed that interventions conducted in school-based smoking prevention programs for adolescents in developing countries included the application of the anti-smoking curriculum, behavior change intervention (BCI), and peer education. CONCLUSION: Interventions considered useful for preventing smoking in adolescents are the anti-smoking curriculum, BCI, and peer education

Risk Factors of Stunting in Developing Countries: A Scoping Review

BACKGROUND: Stunting remains a nutritional problem in children in Indonesia and some other developing countries. It has become a public health problem that must be taken seriously and continuously. Although there was an improvement in 2018, the incidence of stunting in Indonesia is still quite high (36.4%), compared to other Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia (20%) and Thailand (10.5%). In the world, Indonesia occupies the 17th position of 117 countries for the stunting incidence. AIM: This study aims to describe the risk factors of stunting in children under five in developing countries. METHODS: This research is a scoping review. The sources were drawn from multiple databases such as Ebsco, PubMed, ProQuest, and Science Direct with the keyword “stunting” AND “risk factors” AND “developing countries.” Inclusion criteria include the research must be related to the risk factors of stunting, should be conducted in developing countries, should be full texted in English, and published in 2015–2019. RESULTS: The search of databases found 3605 articles, with the details of 10 articles from Ebsco, 45 articles from PubMed, 20 articles from ProQuest, and 3530 articles from Science Direct. According to all the databases, only 9 articles were reviewed that met the inclusion criteria of this study. CONCLUSION: Parent factors, toddler factors, and environmental factors are risk factors of stunting in children under five

Description of the Characteristics of Nutritional Status Based on Food Intake in School-Age Children

Background: One of the factors that influence nutritional status is food intake. Imbalance of food intake in school-age children causes nutritional problems occurring due to the decline in the immune system. Objective: This study aims to determine the description of the characteristics of nutritional status based on the school-age children's intake of food.Method: This study used a cross-sectional design with a random sample size of 84 students from grade 1 to grade 6 in Sonosewu Bantul Elementary School. The instruments used in the study were school-age, weight scales, and food records. The variable in this study was the description of nutritional status characteristics based on food intake in school-age children. The data analysis used frequency distribution.Result: The results showed that 57 school-age children (67.85%) had a normal nutritional status. Respondents in this study had less carbohydrate intake (n=64; 76,2%), more protein intake (n=47; 56%), less fat intake (n=56; 66,7%), less vitamin intake (n=49; 58,3%), less mineral intake (n=84, 100%). In children with normal nutritional status, the researcher found that 34 (40,5%) had more protein intake.Conclusion: The majority of school-age children in Sonosewu Bantul Elementary School had normal nutritional status with excessive protein intake. However, their nutrient intake in the form of calories, carbohydrates, fats, minerals, and vitamins were less. This fact may have an impact on the growth and development of school-age children

The Effects of Core Stability Exercise in Improving Back Muscle Strength, Limb Muscles and Dynamic Balance in the Elderly in Singaraja, Indonesia

Balance disorders are a severe problem for the elderly. Exercise that can increase the power of the back muscles, leg muscles and dynamic balance is physical exercise in core stability exercise (CSE). This study aimed to analyse core stability exercise's effect on increasing back muscle strength, leg muscles, and dynamic balance in the elderly. Fifty-six elderly people aged 60-70 years were selected by simple random sampling as the sample in this study. The exercise program was given CSE (n: 28) for four weeks as the intervention group. The back and leg muscle strength were measured using the Back-leg dynamometer and balance measurement using the Time Up Go Test (TUGT). T-test and Mann-Whitney analyses were used to compare the results before and after the intervention. The different tests between the intervention and the control group obtained a p-value of 0.001, meaning an effect of CSE to increase the strength of the back muscles, leg muscles, and dynamic balance in the elderly existed. This study proved that CSE effectively increased back muscle strength, leg muscles and dynamic balance in the elderly. It is suggested to analyze the effectiveness of CSE based on the characteristics of the respondents