EFEK SUPLEMENTASI ARANG AKTIF PADA PAKAN TERHADAP PROFIL HISTOLOGI USUS IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) SETELAH TERPAPAR INSEKTISIDA ORGANOFOSFAT

Paparan dan efek merusak residu pestisida yang berasal dari aktifitas pertanian pada sistem budidaya air tawar telah banyak diteliti. Salah satu jenis pestisida yaitu insektisida memiliki efek kronis berbahaya bagi ikan budidaya air tawar dan jika terakumulasi dapat merusak kesehatan manusia yang mengkonsumsi ikan tersebut. Salah satu upaya mengeliminir efek residu tersebut adalah melalui penggunaan adsorben berupa arang aktif dalam pakan ikan melalui teknik re-pelleting. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi terkait pemanfaatan arang aktif pada pakan terhadap profil histologi usus ikan nila setelah dipapar insektisida golongan organofosfat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental terdiri dari empat kali perlakuan dan dua kali ulangan. Sebagai perlakuan antara lain tanpa arang aktif atau 0% (A); arang aktif 1% (B); arang aktif 2% (C); dan arang aktif 3% (D). Ikan nila dipilih sebagai ikan uji dengan ukuran panjang 7 ± 0,4 cm serta padat tebar 30 ekor per wadah. Pakan diberikan secara ad-libitum, frekuensi pemberian pakan dua kali sehari. Pengamatan perubahan jaringan usus dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan histologi usus ikan. Pemeriksaan histologi dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali yakni sebelum paparan insektisida, setelah paparan insektisida, dan setelah pemberian arang aktif pada pakan. Preparat usus diwarnai menggunakan Hematoxylin – Eosin (HE) untuk melihat perubahan jaringan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan jaringan pada sampel usus akibat paparan insektisida organofosfat ditandai dengan terjadinya edema, adhesi vili, degenerasi hidropik dan vakuolisasi pada jaringan usus. Sebaliknya penggunaan arang aktif sebanyak 2% mampu menyerap diazinon yang terkontaminasi pada vili usus, ditunjukkan dengan banyaknya sel goblet yang muncul sebagai pelindung dari paparan insektisida organofosfat. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan arang aktif pada tingkat yang tepat secara efektif dapat menyerap residu insektisida dalam usus ikan nila khususnya diazinon. Pesticide residues from agriculture have been well documented to have entered freshwater fish farming systems. One of pesticides, insecticide, is harmful not only to farmed fish but also to human who consume the insecticide-exposed fish. Alternatives to eliminate the residual effect of insecticides are through the addition activated charcoal serving as adsorbent in fish feed through re-pelleting techniques. The purpose of this study was to obtain information related to the use of activated charcoal in feed on the intestinal histological profile of tilapia after exposure to organophosphate insecticides. This study used an experimental method consisting of four treatments and two replicates. The treatments consisted of feed without activated charcoal 0% (A); and with activated charcoal 1% (B); activated charcoal 2% (C); and activated charcoal 3% (D) additions. Tilapia with an average length of 7 ± 0.4 cm and a stocking density of 30 fish per container were used in the experiment. The experimental feeds were given ad-libitum twice a day. Observation of changes in intestinal tissue was carried out through histological examination. Histological examination was carried out three times, namely before exposure to insecticide, after exposure to insecticide, and after applying activated charcoal to feed. Intestinal tissue samples were stained using Hematoxylin – Eosin (HE) to observe potential tissue changes. The result showed that tissue changes in intestinal samples due to exposure of organophosphate insecticide were evident marked by the occurrences of edema, villi adhesion, hydropic degeneration and vacuolization within the intestine tissue. In contrast, the use of activated charcoal as much as 2% was able to absorb contaminated diazinon in intestinal villi, shown by the large number of goblet cells that appeared as protection from exposure to organophosphate insecticide. This study concludes that the use of active charcoal at the right level could effectively adsorb the insecticide residue particularly diazinon

Uji sifat fisik dan kimia bioetanol dari jagung (Zea mays L)

The aim of this research is to know the physical characteristics and chemical contents of corn bioethanol (Zea Mays L.). The bioethanol is produced by distillation process through variations in fermentation duration. The bioethanol produced then was tested in order to measure the physical characteristics and sulphur content. The measured physical and chemical characteristics of bioethanol were density, kinematic viscosity, flash and fire point and sulphur content.The results showed that the physical characteristic value and sulphur content of the bioethanol had close values compared to those of the standart. They were found in fermentation with duration of 70 hours under second distillation process. However a further research is still be required to obtain a suitable characteristic for transpostation purpose.

Gambaran Pola Perilaku Pencarian Pengobatan Penyakit ISPA pada Balita di Desa Nuaja Puskesmas Riaraja Ende

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) is an acute respiratory tract infection that attacks the throat, nose and lungs that lasts approximately 14 days and about the structure of the duct above the larynx. There are various behavioral treatments for diseases in Indonesia, such as using medicines purchased at market without a doctor's prescription (swamedication), using traditional materials in the surrounding environment or asking shamans for help, if they have not succeeded then the community will go to a medical health service. This is because Indonesia has a source of treatment covering three interrelated sectors namely self-medication, self-medication, medical treatment and traditional medicine. This study is aiimed at determinining the pattern of behavior seeking treatment of ARI for toddlers at Nuaja Village, the Working Area of Riaraja Ende Health Center in 2019. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The core informant in this study is mothers who have toddlers aged 2-5 years and the supporting informants are the traditional healerd community, and health workers. The results show that public knowledge about the seeking behavior for the treatment of ARI is good. The priorit community end to seek traditional treatment. If the community does not recover after traditional treatment, the community will seek treatment from medical staff. Suggestions from the study are expected by health workers to carry out health promotion regarding self-medication and combination treatment with material that is appropriate to the behavior of local mothers of toddlers

PENGARUH KOMPENSASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA NON FISIK TERHADAP TURNOVER INTENTION PADA PT. INTI BUMI PERKASA (IBP) (Studi Kasus Pada Karyawan Bagian Outsourcing di PT. Industri Telekomunikasi Indonesia (INTI) Bandung – Jawa Barat)

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini berjudul Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Lingkungan Kerja Non Fisik terhadap Turnover Intention (Studi Kasus Pada Karyawan Bagian Outsourcing di PT. Industri Telekomunikasi Indonesia (INTI) Bandung – Jawa Barat). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa pengaruh kompensasi terhadap turnover intention, pengaruh lingkungan kerja non fisik terhadap turnover intention, dan pengaruh kompensasi dan lingkungan kerja non fisik terhadap turnover intention. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Studi lapangan dan Studi Kepustakaan. Dalam penentuan sampel digunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling, sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 70 responden diperoleh dari populasi sebanyak 200 karyawan bagian outsourcing dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin. Skala yang digunakan adalah Likert dengan instrument penelitia berupa angket/kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: (1) kompensasi berpengaruh negatif terhadap turnover intention dengan koefisien regresi -0,404 pada signifikan 0,006 dan thitung Ftabel atau (88.637>3.13); (4) Besarnya pengaruh kompensasi dan lingkungan kerja terhadap turnover intention secara simultan adalah 72,6% dan besarnya pengaruh secara parsial kompensasi adalah 30,15% dan lingkungan kerja non fisik 42,43%. Kata kunci : Kompensasi, Lingkungan Kerja Non Fisik dan Turnover Intetio

Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Akses Media Sosial dengan Perilaku Seksual Remaja Perempuan

Teen sexual behavior is any behavior that is driven by sexual desire either committed themselves, with the opposite sex or same-sex marriage in the absence of religion law. Regional Public Hospital of Kalabahi’s data found that in 2017, 10 teenagers had sexual before marriage. Factors that encourage teens women committing deviant sexual behavior due to the lack of knowledge about sexual behavior, positive attitude toward sexual behavior as well as access to social media on adolescent sexual behavior. The purpose of this research was to analyze the relationship of knowledge, attitudes and social media access with the sexual behavior of adolescent women in SMA Negeri 1 Kalabahi 2017. Type of this research was an analytical survey using cross-sectional technique. The population in this research consisted of 218 woman student in SMA Negeri 1 Kalabahi. The sample in this study was 140 students selected by using simple random sampling. The results of the analysis suggested that knowledge (p-value = 0.000), attitude (p-value = 0.000), and access to social media (p-value = 0.000) were associated  with sexual behavior in adolescent women in SMA Negeri 1 Kalabahi 2017. Education to increase knowledge among female teens about teen sexual behavior as well as establishing related rules for social media access in school are necessary

Protective fibrous structures based on cellulose fibers functionalized with metal oxide nanoparticles by electrospinning and electrospray deposition

This work aims to develop a bio-based fibrous material that is able to adsorb and degrade chemical and biological hazardous agents. Thus, cellulosic fabrics (flax) were functionalized with chitosan (CS) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) electrospun nanofibers doped with titanium dioxide (TiO2) and cerium dioxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs). The electrospray deposition of these NPs was also tested. The TiO2 NPs were synthesized using a very straightforward precipitation method. The successful synthesis was confirmed by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) and Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The functionalization of the fabrics with the NPs and the nanofibers doped with NPs was proved by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), ATR-FTIR, and Ground-State Diffuse Reflectance (GSDR). The developed samples presented antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 434), reaching values of 99.97 and 100.0 %, respectively. The degradation of methylene blue (MB) and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) was evaluated. The best samples were able to decompose 97.82 % of DMMP. The wash durability of the nanocoating was also tested. The developed fibrous structures show great potential for personal protection applications.The authors are thankful to project UID/CTM/00264/2023 of 2C2T – Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Têxtil, funded by National Founds through FCT/MCTES and to the FCT PhD Scholarship (grant number SFRH/BD/147812/2019) of Joana Araújo (https://doi.org/10.54499/ SFRH/BD/147812/2019). Diana Ferreira is thankful to CEECIND/ 02803/2017 (https://doi.org/10.54499/CEECIND/02803/2017/CP14 58/CT0003). Pilar Teixeira is also thankful to FCT, under the scope of the strategic funding of UIDB/04469/2020 unit. Cátia A.L. Graça thanks FCT funding under the Scientific Employment Stimulus – Individual Call 2022.08029.CEECIND (https://doi.org/10.54499/2022.08029.CEE CIND/CP1733/CT0010). The authors are also thankful to LA/P/0045/ 2020 (ALiCE), UIDB/50020/2020 and UIDP/50020/2020 (LSRE-LCM), funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) and to the Advanced Electron Microscopy, Imaging, and Spectroscopy (AEMIS) from INL for their support. Finally, the authors thank the project GIATEX (Gestão Inteligente da Agua na ITV, C644943052-00000050) and Project DRI/India/0447/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/DRI/India/0447/2020)