Effect of motorcycle exhaust pipe temperature and electrical circuit on harvested dc power from thermoelectric generators

The need for energy consumption nowadays becomes very important things, especially the need for electrical energy. Technology to convert heat into electricity directly can be realized using thermoelectric generators. To know the thermoelectric generator performance, this study performs an investigation of thermoelectric generator operated using motorcycle exhaust heat to generate DC power. Three identical thermoelectric generators model TE-MOD-5W5V-35S were used in this investigation. To generate different high temperatures the motorcycle was run at 1600 rpm, 2100 rpm, 3100 rpm. The circuits examined were series, parallel and combination of the two. All data were recorded using DAQ MX 9714 NI data logger that was connected to the PC using LabView program. The loads used in the current measurements were a thermoelectric cooler module model SP1848 and a fan 12 V - 0.13 A. Those two loads were installed in a parallel circuit. The results show that the tests without load produce the highest voltage, while the tests with the load result in the highest power. Increasing the temperature difference increases the power, and the parallel circuit results in the biggest power but the lowest voltage. The highest voltage of 3.3 V with series circuit was attained, and the highest power of 0.133 W with a parallel circuit was also obtained

Studi eksperimental penggunaan limbah karbit sebagai adsorben untuk menurunkan emisi kendaraan bermotor

Motor vehicle emissions have proven lead to environmental and human health quality degradation. Therefore, efforts to reduce emissions especially motorcycles need to be done. Utilization of carbide waste has been proposed to be one of the solutions to reduce the level of emission of motorcycles. The carbide waste used is formed into granules and then installed into a reactor and placed in the exhaust line which will act as an adsorbent. The experimental study was conducted experimentally using a Yamaha Mio M3 125 CC. The results showed a reduction in exhaust emissions when using carbide waste adsorbents compared to emissions without adsorbents. The reduction was even greater when the volume of carbide waste was also greater. The reduction occurs in all types of emissions, both HC, CO, and CO2. It was obtained a reduction in emissions could reach up to 57 % for HC. However, the reduction performance cannot last long because the adsorbent has been saturated. Therefore further research is required to be performed

EFEK SUPLEMENTASI ARANG AKTIF PADA PAKAN TERHADAP PROFIL HISTOLOGI USUS IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) SETELAH TERPAPAR INSEKTISIDA ORGANOFOSFAT

Paparan dan efek merusak residu pestisida yang berasal dari aktifitas pertanian pada sistem budidaya air tawar telah banyak diteliti. Salah satu jenis pestisida yaitu insektisida memiliki efek kronis berbahaya bagi ikan budidaya air tawar dan jika terakumulasi dapat merusak kesehatan manusia yang mengkonsumsi ikan tersebut. Salah satu upaya mengeliminir efek residu tersebut adalah melalui penggunaan adsorben berupa arang aktif dalam pakan ikan melalui teknik re-pelleting. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan informasi terkait pemanfaatan arang aktif pada pakan terhadap profil histologi usus ikan nila setelah dipapar insektisida golongan organofosfat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental terdiri dari empat kali perlakuan dan dua kali ulangan. Sebagai perlakuan antara lain tanpa arang aktif atau 0% (A); arang aktif 1% (B); arang aktif 2% (C); dan arang aktif 3% (D). Ikan nila dipilih sebagai ikan uji dengan ukuran panjang 7 ± 0,4 cm serta padat tebar 30 ekor per wadah. Pakan diberikan secara ad-libitum, frekuensi pemberian pakan dua kali sehari. Pengamatan perubahan jaringan usus dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan histologi usus ikan. Pemeriksaan histologi dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali yakni sebelum paparan insektisida, setelah paparan insektisida, dan setelah pemberian arang aktif pada pakan. Preparat usus diwarnai menggunakan Hematoxylin – Eosin (HE) untuk melihat perubahan jaringan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan jaringan pada sampel usus akibat paparan insektisida organofosfat ditandai dengan terjadinya edema, adhesi vili, degenerasi hidropik dan vakuolisasi pada jaringan usus. Sebaliknya penggunaan arang aktif sebanyak 2% mampu menyerap diazinon yang terkontaminasi pada vili usus, ditunjukkan dengan banyaknya sel goblet yang muncul sebagai pelindung dari paparan insektisida organofosfat. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan arang aktif pada tingkat yang tepat secara efektif dapat menyerap residu insektisida dalam usus ikan nila khususnya diazinon. Pesticide residues from agriculture have been well documented to have entered freshwater fish farming systems. One of pesticides, insecticide, is harmful not only to farmed fish but also to human who consume the insecticide-exposed fish. Alternatives to eliminate the residual effect of insecticides are through the addition activated charcoal serving as adsorbent in fish feed through re-pelleting techniques. The purpose of this study was to obtain information related to the use of activated charcoal in feed on the intestinal histological profile of tilapia after exposure to organophosphate insecticides. This study used an experimental method consisting of four treatments and two replicates. The treatments consisted of feed without activated charcoal 0% (A); and with activated charcoal 1% (B); activated charcoal 2% (C); and activated charcoal 3% (D) additions. Tilapia with an average length of 7 ± 0.4 cm and a stocking density of 30 fish per container were used in the experiment. The experimental feeds were given ad-libitum twice a day. Observation of changes in intestinal tissue was carried out through histological examination. Histological examination was carried out three times, namely before exposure to insecticide, after exposure to insecticide, and after applying activated charcoal to feed. Intestinal tissue samples were stained using Hematoxylin – Eosin (HE) to observe potential tissue changes. The result showed that tissue changes in intestinal samples due to exposure of organophosphate insecticide were evident marked by the occurrences of edema, villi adhesion, hydropic degeneration and vacuolization within the intestine tissue. In contrast, the use of activated charcoal as much as 2% was able to absorb contaminated diazinon in intestinal villi, shown by the large number of goblet cells that appeared as protection from exposure to organophosphate insecticide. This study concludes that the use of active charcoal at the right level could effectively adsorb the insecticide residue particularly diazinon

Gambaran Pola Perilaku Pencarian Pengobatan Penyakit ISPA pada Balita di Desa Nuaja Puskesmas Riaraja Ende

Acute respiratory infections (ARI) is an acute respiratory tract infection that attacks the throat, nose and lungs that lasts approximately 14 days and about the structure of the duct above the larynx. There are various behavioral treatments for diseases in Indonesia, such as using medicines purchased at market without a doctor's prescription (swamedication), using traditional materials in the surrounding environment or asking shamans for help, if they have not succeeded then the community will go to a medical health service. This is because Indonesia has a source of treatment covering three interrelated sectors namely self-medication, self-medication, medical treatment and traditional medicine. This study is aiimed at determinining the pattern of behavior seeking treatment of ARI for toddlers at Nuaja Village, the Working Area of Riaraja Ende Health Center in 2019. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The core informant in this study is mothers who have toddlers aged 2-5 years and the supporting informants are the traditional healerd community, and health workers. The results show that public knowledge about the seeking behavior for the treatment of ARI is good. The priorit community end to seek traditional treatment. If the community does not recover after traditional treatment, the community will seek treatment from medical staff. Suggestions from the study are expected by health workers to carry out health promotion regarding self-medication and combination treatment with material that is appropriate to the behavior of local mothers of toddlers

PENGARUH KOMPENSASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA NON FISIK TERHADAP TURNOVER INTENTION PADA PT. INTI BUMI PERKASA (IBP) (Studi Kasus Pada Karyawan Bagian Outsourcing di PT. Industri Telekomunikasi Indonesia (INTI) Bandung – Jawa Barat)

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini berjudul Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Lingkungan Kerja Non Fisik terhadap Turnover Intention (Studi Kasus Pada Karyawan Bagian Outsourcing di PT. Industri Telekomunikasi Indonesia (INTI) Bandung – Jawa Barat). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa pengaruh kompensasi terhadap turnover intention, pengaruh lingkungan kerja non fisik terhadap turnover intention, dan pengaruh kompensasi dan lingkungan kerja non fisik terhadap turnover intention. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Studi lapangan dan Studi Kepustakaan. Dalam penentuan sampel digunakan teknik Simple Random Sampling, sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 70 responden diperoleh dari populasi sebanyak 200 karyawan bagian outsourcing dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin. Skala yang digunakan adalah Likert dengan instrument penelitia berupa angket/kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: (1) kompensasi berpengaruh negatif terhadap turnover intention dengan koefisien regresi -0,404 pada signifikan 0,006 dan thitung Ftabel atau (88.637>3.13); (4) Besarnya pengaruh kompensasi dan lingkungan kerja terhadap turnover intention secara simultan adalah 72,6% dan besarnya pengaruh secara parsial kompensasi adalah 30,15% dan lingkungan kerja non fisik 42,43%. Kata kunci : Kompensasi, Lingkungan Kerja Non Fisik dan Turnover Intetio

Hubungan Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Akses Media Sosial dengan Perilaku Seksual Remaja Perempuan

Teen sexual behavior is any behavior that is driven by sexual desire either committed themselves, with the opposite sex or same-sex marriage in the absence of religion law. Regional Public Hospital of Kalabahi’s data found that in 2017, 10 teenagers had sexual before marriage. Factors that encourage teens women committing deviant sexual behavior due to the lack of knowledge about sexual behavior, positive attitude toward sexual behavior as well as access to social media on adolescent sexual behavior. The purpose of this research was to analyze the relationship of knowledge, attitudes and social media access with the sexual behavior of adolescent women in SMA Negeri 1 Kalabahi 2017. Type of this research was an analytical survey using cross-sectional technique. The population in this research consisted of 218 woman student in SMA Negeri 1 Kalabahi. The sample in this study was 140 students selected by using simple random sampling. The results of the analysis suggested that knowledge (p-value = 0.000), attitude (p-value = 0.000), and access to social media (p-value = 0.000) were associated  with sexual behavior in adolescent women in SMA Negeri 1 Kalabahi 2017. Education to increase knowledge among female teens about teen sexual behavior as well as establishing related rules for social media access in school are necessary

Context-dependent cheating: experimental evidence from 16 countries

Policy makers use several international indices that characterize countries according to the quality of their institutions. However, no effort has been made to study how the honesty of citizens varies across countries. This paper explores the honesty among citizens across sixteen countries with 1440 participants. We employ a very simple task where participants face a trade-off between the joy of eating a fine chocolate and the disutility of having a threatened self-concept because of lying. Despite the incentives to cheat, we find that individuals are mostly honest. Further, international indices that are indicative of institutional honesty are completely uncorrelated with citizens' honesty for our sample countries

Influence of the addition of LPG-reformate and H2 on an engine dually fuelled with LPG–diesel, –RME and –GTL Fuels

AbstractDual fuel compression ignition engine has been proposed as one approach to reduce diesel engine regulated emissions (NOX and Soot) and to also allow the utilisation of other non-traditional fuels in transportation, in order to improve fuel security and CO2 emissions. In an attempt to improve the combustion characteristics of the LPG–diesel dual fuelled engine the influence of the (a) hydrogen and reformate (H2 and CO) additions and (b) properties of the in-cylinder injected diesel fuel, in this case diesel, biodiesel and synthetic diesel fuel were investigated.Improvements on engine thermal efficiency and HC (including particular HC species) emissions with the reformate and further improvements on CO, soot and particulate matter with hydrogen with respect to LPG–diesel dual fuel combustion were obtained. However, an increase in NOX was obtained due to the high in-cylinder temperature as a result of the shorter advanced premixed combustion. Moreover, the RME’s oxygen content, different injection (i.e. different high bulk modulus) and combustion characteristics as a result of its properties modified the combustion process and hence produced even lower HC, CO, soot and PM emissions. On the other hand, the lower density of GTL has changed the diesel fuel injection and combustion characteristics in dual fuelling mode which resulted in the increased regulated (HC and CO) and unregulated emissions. However, LPG–GTL dual fuelling with reformate and H2 addition showed better smoke-NOX trade-off compared to that of ULSD and RME