Taiwan\u27s Status in a Changing World: United Nations Representation and Membership for Taiwan

This paper starts with an overview of basic conceptual issues about the UN and its modem function. The focus on this part will be the concepts of representation and universality membership. Once we have properly identified and understood these concepts, some discussion will follow, deal mainly with such issues as; the ROC\u27s exclusion from the UN as inconsistent with the universal principle of representation, Taiwan\u27s efforts to join the UN, the increasing importance to improve Taiwan\u27s status in the UN, and, the UN\u27s considerable benefits to access Taiwan\u27s UN entry bid. In addition to the issue of reexamining the significant UN Resolution 2758, the most complicated part of this chapter is that Taiwan\u27s position in the UN is obviously influenced by Taiwan\u27s relations with China. However, in spite of the obstacles and limitations from the PRC, there is substantial room for improvement with regard to the membership issue. In a spirit of compromise, it is from the viewpoint of the whole world\u27s best interest to see Taiwan breaking out from the current international isolation and playing a valuable role in the United Nations. Such a situation will be highly meaningful in the enhancement of the legal status of Taiwan and regional security. Accordingly, this paper is organized into seven parts, which are: part one - introduction; part two - role of the United Nations in a changing world; part three - the membership issue in the United Nations; part four - the United Nations Resolution 2758 and the question of representation; part five--commentary on the United Nations Resolution 2758; part six - Taiwan\u27s case for the United Nations membership; and part seven - conclusion

The Status of Taiwan Under International Law and in a Changing World

The issue of Taiwan\u27s status has long been disputed. Since 1949, more than half a century ago, a civil war divided a Chinese nation into two governments within the Chinese territories. One is the People\u27s Republic of China on the mainland(China), the other is the Republic of China on Taiwan(Taiwan). Since then, China has long embraced the position of annexing Taiwan as its essential goal based on the political fiction of the one-China principle, assuming that there is only one China internationally, Taiwan is a part of China, and the People\u27s Republic of China is thesole government to represent the whole China, despite the fact that Taiwan\u27s views of one-China concept is quite different from Mainland China\u27s. Seemingly, however, the view that Taiwan is a part of China has been accepted worldwide. This situation leads the status of Taiwan to become confusing in most people\u27s minds. If Taiwan is a part of China, who should govern Taiwan, the Republic of China or the People\u27s Republic of China. After enjoying years of prosperity and democracy, the people of Taiwan have gone a long way toward realizing their dream of self-governance politically and economically. Currently Taiwan is the world\u27s 19th largest economy, the 15th largest trading country, and even one of the world\u27s most competitive economies. Thus, the Taiwan\u27s issue is typically one of the global problems to be considered under international law. Despite the dispute on the Taiwan sovereignty issue politically, both sides of the Taiwan Strait share common interests economically. The result of theincreased economic interdependence should not come as a surprise. This evolution poses risks and, at the same time, presents opportunities to both Taiwan and China. While studying Taiwan\u27s legal status and its related issues, the functional views of international law on political integration and economic globalization should not be put aside. Although China\u27s threat to use force against Taiwan\u27s separatist movement is the source of regional instability in the Asia-Pacific area, as a matter of legal concern, it does not imply that there is no room for Taiwan to receive international respect for regaining its political status as a sovereign independent state. In other words, to internationalize the Taiwan issue is one thing, to settle the existing dispute between Taiwan and China is another. By this logic, China\u27s views of peaceful unification and one country two systems may not be the only option to resolve the long outstanding sovereignty dispute of the Taiwan issue. The Taiwan issue itself lies not in whether Taiwan is an independent state, but rather whether or not to unite with China and that this is accepted by the people of Taiwan

The Status of Taiwan Under International Law and in a Changing World

The issue of Taiwan\u27s status has long been disputed. Since 1949, more than half a century ago, a civil war divided a Chinese nation into two governments within the Chinese territories. One is the People\u27s Republic of China on the mainland(China), the other is the Republic of China on Taiwan(Taiwan). Since then, China has long embraced the position of annexing Taiwan as its essential goal based on the political fiction of the one-China principle, assuming that there is only one China internationally, Taiwan is a part of China, and the People\u27s Republic of China is thesole government to represent the whole China, despite the fact that Taiwan\u27s views of one-China concept is quite different from Mainland China\u27s. Seemingly, however, the view that Taiwan is a part of China has been accepted worldwide. This situation leads the status of Taiwan to become confusing in most people\u27s minds. If Taiwan is a part of China, who should govern Taiwan, the Republic of China or the People\u27s Republic of China. After enjoying years of prosperity and democracy, the people of Taiwan have gone a long way toward realizing their dream of self-governance politically and economically. Currently Taiwan is the world\u27s 19th largest economy, the 15th largest trading country, and even one of the world\u27s most competitive economies. Thus, the Taiwan\u27s issue is typically one of the global problems to be considered under international law. Despite the dispute on the Taiwan sovereignty issue politically, both sides of the Taiwan Strait share common interests economically. The result of theincreased economic interdependence should not come as a surprise. This evolution poses risks and, at the same time, presents opportunities to both Taiwan and China. While studying Taiwan\u27s legal status and its related issues, the functional views of international law on political integration and economic globalization should not be put aside. Although China\u27s threat to use force against Taiwan\u27s separatist movement is the source of regional instability in the Asia-Pacific area, as a matter of legal concern, it does not imply that there is no room for Taiwan to receive international respect for regaining its political status as a sovereign independent state. In other words, to internationalize the Taiwan issue is one thing, to settle the existing dispute between Taiwan and China is another. By this logic, China\u27s views of peaceful unification and one country two systems may not be the only option to resolve the long outstanding sovereignty dispute of the Taiwan issue. The Taiwan issue itself lies not in whether Taiwan is an independent state, but rather whether or not to unite with China and that this is accepted by the people of Taiwan

rMAPS: RNA map analysis and plotting server for alternative exon regulation.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play a critical role in the regulation of alternative splicing (AS), a prevalent mechanism for generating transcriptomic and proteomic diversity in eukaryotic cells. Studies have shown that AS can be regulated by RBPs in a binding-site-position dependent manner. Depending on where RBPs bind, splicing of an alternative exon can be enhanced or suppressed. Therefore, spatial analyses of RBP motifs and binding sites around alternative exons will help elucidate splicing regulation by RBPs. The development of high-throughput sequencing technologies has allowed transcriptome-wide analyses of AS and RBP-RNA interactions. Given a set of differentially regulated alternative exons obtained from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) experiments, the rMAPS web server (http://rmaps.cecsresearch.org) performs motif analyses of RBPs in the vicinity of alternatively spliced exons and creates RNA maps that depict the spatial patterns of RBP motifs. Similarly, rMAPS can also perform spatial analyses of RBP-RNA binding sites identified by cross-linking immunoprecipitation sequencing (CLIP-seq) experiments. We anticipate rMAPS will be a useful tool for elucidating RBP regulation of alternative exon splicing using high-throughput sequencing data

The 24 hour lung function time profile of olodaterol once daily versus placebo and tiotropium in patients with moderate to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Background: Olodaterol is a once-daily long-acting β2-agonist being investigated for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with ≥ 24 hour bronchodilator activity. Methods: Two replicate, randomized, double-blind, four-way crossover (6-week treatment periods), active (tiotropium 18 μg via HandiHaler®)- and placebo-controlled trials were conducted to evaluate the 24 hour forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) profile of olodaterol (5 and 10 μg) once daily (via Respimat®). Patients continued with inhaled corticosteroids and xanthines. Spirometry was performed at baseline and over the entire 24 hour post-dose period at week 6 of each treatment phase. Co-primary end points were change from study baseline (response) in FEV1 area under the curve from 0–12 hours (AUC0–12) and FEV1 AUC from 12–24 hours (AUC12–24); key secondary end point was FEV1 AUC from 0–24 hours response. Results: In study 1222.39, there was a significant difference from placebo in FEV1 AUC0–12 and AUC12–24 responses (P<0.0001) with olodaterol 5 μg (0.185 and 0.131 L) and 10 μg (0.207 and 0.178 L) at 6 weeks; similar results were observed for tiotropium (0.173 and 0.123 L). In study 1222.40, responses were 0.197 and 0.153 L with olodaterol 5 μg, 0.221 and 0.170 L with 10 μg, and 0.221 and 0.164 L with tiotropium versus placebo (P<0.0001). Incidence of adverse events was comparable across treatments. Conclusions: These data confirm the 24 hour lung-function efficacy profile of once-daily olodaterol, with FEV1 responses comparable to tiotropium

Development of an Integrated Nonlinear Aeroservoelastic Flight Dynamic Model of the NASA Generic Transport Model

This paper describes a recent development of an integrated fully coupled aeroservoelastic flight dynamic model of the NASA Generic Transport Model (GTM). The integrated model couples nonlinear flight dynamics to a nonlinear aeroelastic model of the GTM. The nonlinearity includes the coupling of the rigid-body aircraft states in the partial derivatives of the aeroelastic angle of attack. Aeroservoelastic modeling of the control surfaces which are modeled by the Variable Camber Continuous Trailing Edge Flap is also conducted. The R.T. Jones' method is implemented to approximate unsteady aerodynamics. Simulations of the GTM are conducted with simulated continuous and discrete gust loads.

Inertial Force Coupling to Nonlinear Aeroelasticity of Flexible Wing Aircraft

This paper investigates the inertial force effect on nonlinear aeroelasticity of flexible wing aircraft. The geometric are nonlinearity due to rotational and tension stiffening. The effect of large bending deflection will also be investigated. Flutter analysis will be conducted for a truss-braced wing aircraft concept with tension stiffening and inertial force coupling

Green IS Assimilation: A Theoretical Framework and Research Agenda

The current paper presents a theoretical framework on the assimilation of Green IS in organizations. The assimilation of Green IS comprises three stages, namely, Green IS initiation, adoption, and routinization. The different stages of assimilation are proposed to be affected by different groups of factors. Based on institutional theory, organizational information processing theory and organization theory, environmental uncertainty, organizational slack, and institutional pressure are employed to explain Green IS assimilation, and the importance of each of these factors will vary in different stages of assimilation. Institutional factors and environmental uncertainty will affect the initiation of adoption of Green IS, while organizational resources will affect the adoption and rountinization of Green IS. Organizational resources will moderate the relationship between environmental uncertainty and Green IS adoption. The proposed framework is planned to be tested in the future empirical study. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications of the proposed conceptual model are presented