The Contribution of Internal Communication to the Social Performance of the Company: Case of Moroccan SME

This research focuses on the contribution of internal communication, through its various antecedents, on social performance by integrating human skills and entrepreneurial motivation in Morocco. Given the development of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies), individual and collective behaviors at work have changed, so we faced difficult communication. The application of human resources management is more requested so that it promotes the acquisition of knowledge, their exploitation, know-how, and creativity everywhere to companies, public and private organizations, indeed this application improves the working conditions and the acquisition of global performance. We have carried out a state of the art on theoretical framework, through which we seek to highlight the contributions of internal communication within the organization on the managerial level. This literature review has allowed us to establish eight hypotheses concerning the delimitation of the concept of internal communication, to determine its purposes and consequently to identify the dimensions of said purposes; with qualitative methodology through its four contributions to the organization, in this case, the commitment, satisfaction, motivation and individual performance that represent a management lever capable of developing a capacity and a performing competence.   Keywords: Internal Communication; Organizational Commitment; Corporate Social Performance; Know-How. JEL Classification: O1. O15. O35 Paper type: Empirical research  This research focuses on the contribution of internal communication, through its various antecedents, on social performance by integrating human skills and entrepreneurial motivation in Morocco. Given the development of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies), individual and collective behaviors at work have changed, so we faced difficult communication. The application of human resources management is more requested so that it promotes the acquisition of knowledge, their exploitation, know-how, and creativity everywhere to companies, public and private organizations, indeed this application improves the working conditions and the acquisition of global performance. We have carried out a state of the art on theoretical framework, through which we seek to highlight the contributions of internal communication within the organization on the managerial level. This literature review has allowed us to establish eight hypotheses concerning the delimitation of the concept of internal communication, to determine its purposes and consequently to identify the dimensions of said purposes; with qualitative methodology through its four contributions to the organization, in this case, the commitment, satisfaction, motivation and individual performance that represent a management lever capable of developing a capacity and a performing competence.   Keywords: Internal Communication; Organizational Commitment; Corporate Social Performance; Know-How. JEL Classification: O1. O15. O35 Paper type: Empirical research &nbsp

Assessment of Strand Damage under Combined Degradation Modes

This paper deals with the influence of broken wires and the combination of broken wires and corrosion on the damage of constitutive strands of a wire rope. It was set that the damage is linear with broken wires. In the case of combined damage, after the first stage where it is nearly linear, it becomes more aggressive in the progressive damage stage. The increment from the artificial damage is about 25%. The brutal damage beguines at 4/7 broken wire when damage is combined against a brutal damage limit at 5/7 broken wire for the artificial damage. The critical life time of the strands was established at 55% in the combined damage, at 60% in the artificial damage, and depending on the loading level, from 70% to 85% with the unified theory. Keywords: Wire rope, damage, reliability, corrosion, broken wire

Corrosion’s impact on wire rope strand response – Comparison with a theoretical predictive model

In this work, we investigate the behavior of wire ropes subject to corrosion damage. The method is based on accelerated corrosion. Decreasing ultimate force and a loss in rigidity was observed from the static tensile tests made on the corroded strands. Otherwise, a predictive model was developed to evaluate the residual ultimate force at a time t in function of the initial diameter, the residual diameter at time t and the ultimate force of the original strand. Thus, experimental and predictive residual force curves are drawn in function of the strand’s fraction of life. From the good correspondence obtained, the proposed method can be applied by engineers to assess the possibility of maintaining structures using wire ropes in service. Indeed, when the applied force on the wire rope approaches its residual bearing force determined by a measure of the residual diameter, the wire rope removal is mandatory

Mechanical behavior of strands artificially damaged under static tensile tests

With their ability to support high axial loads with a low bending and torsional stiffness, wire ropes meet the requirements for lifting and pulling. Moreover, by their multicomponent composition, their use is safer than other structures like steel bars. Indeed, and as a result of friction forces between components, a wire rope with broken wire can recover its nominal load at the end of a length called recovery length. The standards EN 12385-3 and ISO 4309 specify under which conditions a cable with broken wire may be kept in service. In this context, this work aims to define the wire rope damage depending on the number of broken wires. We study the behavior of the constitutive strands of a wire rope of type 19 * 7 (1 * 7 + 6 * 7 + 12 * 7). A default is initiated on the samples of strand by cutting wires in the middle. The strand damage is calculated through different life time by an experimental method of residual forces, then by the unified theory developed by Bui-Quoc and al and finally by the linear Miner damage. Based on simple tensile test, this research allows us to establish the damage and reliability curves of the strands according to the fraction of life. Different damage stages with an experimental normalized method are established. Comparison were made between this method and the unified theory. The adjustment of the loading level gave good correspondence in damage function.In conclusion, the strand stays in the initiation damage stage until the second wire breaking. Then, it enters in the progressive damage stage. The limit of this stage is at the 5th wire's breaking

Advanced sleep modes in 5G multiple base stations using non-cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning

International audienceWe consider in this paper multiple 5G base stations (BSs) implementing Advanced Sleep Modes (ASM) wherein each base station is able to deactivate some of its components when it does not transport any traffic and save thus energy. Thanks to so-called lean carrier, ASM define four levels of sleep, the deeperthe level the larger the energy gain but the more delay to wakeup and serve the incoming user. We specifically study this energy saving versus delay performance trade-off taking into account the effect of inter-cell interference and its impact on whether to wakeup and serve the transmission request immediately upon arrival or to continue to sleep; this latter decision is a main novelty of our work. We treat the case where arrivals of those requests areunknown and a reinforcement learning agent is implemented in each BS in order to (selfishly) derive the optimal sleep policy that achieves a target energy saving versus delay performance tradeoff. Our results show the optimal policies in terms of the value of the timer after which the BS goes into sleep, the time spent in each sleep level, and whether the BS should continue to sleep or wake up immediately upon request arrival. We eventually show the corresponding achieved power saving and delay performance. Index Terms—5G, multiple base stations, Advanced Sleep Modes, Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning, energy saving versus delay performance trade-off

Comparison of LTE eMBMS and DVB-NGH mobile TV solutions from an energy consumption perspective

International audienceThe power demand of future wireless networks is predicted to dramatically increase. This energy consumption issue, if unaddressed, will restrict the roll-out of many new services. Based on this fact, we try in this paper to study and compare the energy consumption of the most popular mobile TV delivery solutions: LTE eMBMS and DVB-NGH. We study the energy consumption in a region where Mobile TV is delivered by a standalone LTE network and a standalone DVB-NGH transmitter or by a cooperative LTE/DVB network. By cooperation we mean that the mobile TV coverage is ensured by DVB in the region surrounding a broadcasting tower and by LTE otherwise. Our work is a simulation one and can be used as an offline study that enables the operators to configure their networks towards a Green Mobile TV delivery. Results shows that the cooperation will decrease the power consumption of at least one of the cooperative operators (LTE and/or DVB) and thus it will certainly decrease the overall power consumption in the service region for a high level Green Mobile TV solution

Practical implementation of Mobile TV delivery in cooperative LTE/DVB networks

International audienceWe propose in this paper, some practical algorithms to deliver Mobile TV in a hybrid network where coexist both LTE and DVB-NGH technologies and two types of demanded video qualities: a basic single definition and another high definition. Those algorithms aim to manage the continuous reception of Mobile TV by using both infrastructures and taking decisions of TV scheduling on those operators. Two decisions policies are explored: one based on instantaneous actions and a second based on predictive actions. Results shows that the latter, which uses the Kalman filter, decreases the ping-pong between the HD reception delivered by LTE and the SD one offered by DVB-NGH, if compared to the former policy

A game theoretical real options framework for investment decisions in mobile TV infrastructure

CNRS 4, ABS 1International audienceThis work presents a strategic investment framework for mobile TV infrastructure. We address the question of whether an operator should enter the mobile TV market and, if yes, how and when to do so. We perform a capacity and QoS analysis that shows that Mobile TV is not a simple added-on service but requires new planning strategies that need heavy investments. We consider two possible settings: a competitive mobile TV network where a digital video broadcasting (DVB) operator and a cellular network operator build their independent networks and a cooperative setting where the TV network is mainly relying on a DVB infrastructure whose coverage can be complemented by a cellular network. Two main issues alter the investment decision of the stakeholders, namely, the market uncertainty and the competition or the willingness of cooperation between the main technological players. We define a game theoretical real options framework and propose a novel bi-level dynamic programming algorithm that solves the underlying profit maximization problem. Our numerical results illustrate the optimal investment decisions of both actors and the impact of the system parameters as well as the degree of uncertainty on the investment date

Real options for investment decisions in mobile TV infrastructure

International audienceThis work presents a strategic investment framework for mobile TV infrastructure. We address the question of whether an operator should enter the mobile TV market and, if yes, when to do so. We consider a realistic setting where the mobile TV network is mainly relying on a DVB infrastructure whose coverage can be complemented by the cellular network. As several actors may be involved in this service setting, we consider a dynamic game theoretical framework combining real option theory with coalition games. We consider two main sources of uncertainty: user demand and network operation cost. We then propose a novel a bi-level dynamic programming algorithm that solves the underlying maximization problem. Our numerical results illustrate the decisions of both actors and the impact of the system parameters and the degree of uncertainty on the investment date